安徽工程大学机电学院毕业设计（论文）
铜表面抛光、着色技术研究
摘 要
铜及其合金具有优异的机械加工性能而广泛地应用于各种工业。为了提高铜及铜合 金的抗蚀性及装饰性能, 进行表面着色处理是非常有效的处理方法。
本次毕业设计的课题是铜表面抛光、着色技术研究。着色预处理过程主要包括铜表面打磨，机械抛光，碱洗工序和酸洗工序等方面。预处理后进行着色及后处理。本次试验的方案是按照预处理，着色及后处理的工艺流程来试验的，试验内容是重点分析预处理各工序对着色效果的影响。
研究结果表明：预处理中碱洗时间的判定很重要。根据本实验的配方，黄铜一般清洗十秒钟左右即可。碱洗时间短，除油不尽;时间过长,黄铜失光。此外，酸的浓度要合适，要能够把铜上的氧化物除尽。本实验配方一采用10%的硫酸溶液浸渍3分钟;配方二，配方三采用10%的硝酸分别酸洗5分钟和3分钟。实验证明这三种配方效果较好。着色后用XRD，SEM等对其进行检测，发现表面形貌比较均匀统一。
关键词：黄铜;碱洗;酸洗;检测
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xx：铜表面抛光、着色技术研究
Research on polishing and coloring technology of copper surface
Abstract
Copper and its alloy has been widely used in many fields for their favorable physical and mechanical performance.To enhance the corrosion resistance and decoration,it,s necessary to color the surface.
The topic of this graduation design is polishing and coloring technology of copper surface.Coloring pretreatment process mainly include the copper surface polishing, mechanical polishing, alkaline cleaning process and pickling process, etc. After pretreatment ,Copper need staining and post-treatment. This test plan is according to the preprocessing, coloring and post-treatment . Test content mainly analyzes the impacts of pretreatment in each process on coloring effect.
The results prove that : Pretreatment of alkaline cleaning time on determination is important.According to the experiment formula, brass generally clean about ten seconds. If alkaline washinging time is short, Brass can't completely remove oil. Inversely, Brass can completely remove oil. Moreover, the concentration of the acid is suitable to be able to put off the oxide film on the copper surface. Formula one use 10% sulfuric acid washing 3 minutes. Formula two and formula three prepares 10% nitric acid for dipping 5 minutes and 3 minutes respectively. Experimental results show that three kinds of formula effect is better. After staining, the XRD and SEM for inspecting found the surface morphology of brass is uniform.
Key words: brass;alkali washing;acid washing ; inspecting
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安徽工程大学机电学院毕业设计（论文）
目录
第1章 绪论..............................................................1
1.1 表面技术..........................................................1 1.1.1 表面技术概述..................................................1 1.1.2 表面技术的分类................................................1 1.1.2 表面技术的发展和应用..........................................2
1.2 铜和铜合金的着色技术..............................................2 1.2.1 铜和铜合金着色技术的发展现状及发展趋势........................2 1.2.2 铜和铜合金着色工艺............................................3 1.3 铜及铜合金简述....................................................4 1.3.1 铜的物理性质..................................................4 1.3.2 铜合金的种类及应用............................................5 1.4 课题的研究内容及研究意义..........................................5 1.4.1 课题的研究内容................................................5 1.4.2 课题的研究意义................................................5 1.5 本章小结..........................................................5 第2章 实验材料及方法.....................................................6 2.1 实验材料及设备....................................................6 2.1.1 原材料........................................................6 2.1.2 实验所用化学试剂..............................................6 2.1.3 实验设备......................................................7 2.2 实验方法..........................................................8 2.2.1 工艺流程......................................................8 2.2.2 试样的前处理..................................................9 2.2.3 着色..........................................................9 2.2.4 后处理.......................................................10 2.3 着色预处理抛光工艺...............................................10 2.3.1 各种试剂对抛光效果的影响.....................................10 2.3.2 各种工艺参数对抛光效果的影响.................................11 2.4 本章小结.........................................................11 第3章 黄铜化学着色工艺的研究............................................12 3.1 配方一的实验过程及结果分析........................................13 3.2 配方二的实验过程及结果分析........................................17 3.3 配方三的实验过程及结果分析........................................19 3.4 本章小结..........................................................22 第4章 着色后黄铜的质量控制及检测........................................23 4.1 对着色后的试样进行外观检验、耐蚀性检验，结合力检验................23 4.2 用场发射扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对试样扫描..........................23 4.3 用X射线衍射仪（XRD）对试样扫描..................................25 4.4 本章小结..........................................................27
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xx：铜表面抛光、着色技术研究
结 论.................................................................28 展 望.................................................................29 致 谢.................................................................30 参考文献.................................................................31 附录A：外文文献及其译文.................................................32 附录B：主要参考文献及摘要...............................................41
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