单元语法：定语从句II
学习目标：学习并初步掌握以where, when, why, 介词+which, 介词+whom引导的英语从句
的用法
重点语法解说：
一．关系副词引导的定语从句:
? When 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。其先行词是表时间的名词（如：time, day,
week, tear, month, etc.） 1. He came last night when I was out.
2. We will put off the picnic until next week, when the weather would be better.
注意：先行词为\时间名词\，可用when引导定语从句，when在定语从句中作状语；还可以用which或that 引导，which或that在从句中作主语或宾语。
比较: 1.I still remember the day when /on which my brother joined the army.（作状语） Next month, when you will be in your hometown, is just around the corner. 2. I still remember the days which/that we spent together. （作宾语） Next winter which/that you'll spend in Harbin, I'm sure, will be exciting.
3. I shall never forget the day when Shen Zhou Ⅴ was launched, which has a great effect on my life.
There are occasions when joking is not permissible.
? Where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。其先行词是表示地点的名词，如：place,
school, factory, room, etc. 如: 1. This is the place where I was born.
2. I live in the room where /in which he used to live.
注意：先行词是\地点名词\，定语从句可用where引导，还可用which或that引导，which/that 在从句中作主语或宾语。
比较: 1. This is the factory where /in which he worked last year. （作状语）
The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point where he can walk correctly and safely.
I think you have got to the point where a change is needed, or you would fail.
Government reports, legal papers and most business letters are the main situations where English is used.
He's got himself into a dangerous situation where he's likely to lose control of the plane. The small mountain village where we spent our holiday last month lies in what /the place which is now part of Hubei.
2. This is the park which/that they visited last year. （作宾语）
Not having been there before, he simply had no idea about the place, which everyone says is worth visiting.
? Why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。先行词为reason 时，可用for which指
代；当关系词在从句中作主语或宾语时，则用which或that 引导。如： 1. 状语）
2. I don't believe the reason (that/which) he gave me. （作宾语） Have you asked him the reason that may explain his success? （作主语） Ex.) He was late .That's because he got up late. .He got up late. That's why he was late.(表语从句)
(the reason) why/for which he was late. (定语从句)
? 当先行词为way时，定语从句常用that, in which,或how引导，that常可以省略。 way后的定语从句 的引导词不用时较多。但如果关系词在句中作主语或宾语 时，则用which或that 引导。如:
1. This is the way (that) /in which I do such things.
比较: Please do the experiment in the way （that/which）I have shown you. 二．“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句的用法。
【关键点】关系代词whom, which前介词的选择由先行词的习惯搭配或后半句动词的搭配而决定。
1. The speed at which light travels is 300000km per second.(由先行词的习惯搭配决定) （at the speed of）
2. This is the teacher from whom I borrow the book. (borrow from)（动词词组） 3. Don’t bring the children to see the animals of which they are afraid. (be afraid of)
The reason why / for which / (that) he didn't attend the meeting was that he was ill.（作
预习自测题
根据课文内容完成下列句子
1. The time _______ you first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of your life.
2. The school ________ I studied only two years was three kilometers away.
3. The day _______ Nelson Mandela helped me was one of the happiest days of my life. 4. Until today we have reached a stage _______ we have almost no rights at all. 5. Mandela was the black lawyer ____ _______ I went for advice.
6. The parts of the town ____ _______ they had to live were decided by white people. 7. We were put into a position ____ _______ we had either to accept we were less important
or fight the government.
课堂检测题
一．分析并完成下列句子,体会关系副词的用法：
1. Mary Brown moved to a place _______she was close to the sea, so she could go swimming every day.
2. That was the reason _______I had to go to hospital.
3. Harvard is a world-famous university _________________ Wang An got his doctor’s degree.
4. In 1951 Dr Wang founded his own company_____________________ computers were made.
5. Dr Wang died in 1990 __________ IT was developing rapidly all over the world. 二．关系副词引导定语从句可以换成“介词+which”结构。
1. This was a time when you had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg．
This was a time ______________ you had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg． 2. Wang An spent 3years in Harvard University where he studied applied physics. Wang An spent 3years in Harvard University _______________ he studied applied physics. 3. That was the reason why I had to go to hospital.
That was the reason ______________ I had to go to hospital. 当堂训练题
1. 找出下列各句中定语从句的引导词，并指出其功能
1）I still remember the days when we studied in middle school. (状语) 2）I still remember the days which we spent in the island in our holidays (宾语). 3）The factory where my father works is very big.(_________)
4）The factory which is near my home is very big.(__________) 5）The factory which we visited is very big. (___________) 6）The factory whose name is HD is very big.(__________) 2.用合适的关系代词或关系副词填空 ：
1 This is the town ___________ I spent my childhood.
2 I will never forget the day __________ New China was founded. 3 The school ___________ he studies was built last year.
4 The reason __________ he didn’t come to class is that he was ill. 5 I don’t like the way ___________ he talks.
6 This was a time __________ you had got to have a passbook to live in the city. 7 The story happened on a day __________ was wet and cold.
8 The story happened on a day ___________ the weather was wet and cold. 9 The place __________ interests the children most is Disneyland. 10 The place _________ you stayed for 3 years is now turned to be a park. 11 This is one of the best novels that _________ (were / was) published last year. 12 This is the only one of the best novels that_________ (were / was) published last year.
课后练习题
根据句意填入正确的关系副词或介词+关系代词
1. The doctor did all _________ he could to save the patient. 2. This is the factory _________ they worked ten years ago. 3. Those are the labs _________ we visited last years. 4. It is on a Sunday afternoon _______ I met Linda.
5. He talked of the things and persons ________ he had seen abroad. 6. It was at eight o’clock ________ I got everything ready. 7. It was eight o’clock ________ I got everything ready. 8. It was in the factory ________ we saw all kinds of TV sets. 9. The hospital where he stayed for 3 days is in the center of the city.
The hospital _____ ________ he stayed for 3 days is in the centre of the city. 10. The day when I met him in Beijing was sunny.
The day ______ _________ I met him in Beijing was sunny.
下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正。
1. I still remember the day that we first met in our school.
2. I never forget the days when I spent with your family last summer. 3. The village which he was born has taken on a new look. 4. This is the town where we paid a visit to last year.
5. Can you tell me the reason which you missed the class this morning. 6. Do you believe the reason why Tom gave for his being late for work? 7. The girl got herself into a situation that she was likely to lose control of her car. 8. A modern city has been set up in the place where was a wasteland two years ago.
