I didn't hear the phone. I must have been asleep. 我没听见电话铃响。当时我一定睡着了。(表肯定) 3.表示禁止(用于否定句)。
Smoking must not be allowed in the office. 严禁在办公室吸烟。
4.表示“偏执”,“固执”。
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Must you make so much noise? 你非得弄出这么大声吗? If you must smoke, please go out. 如果你偏要吸烟,那你就出去吧。 [考题印证]
—Why don't you wear you jogging shorts, Mum? —Well, my legs are too skinny, if you ________ know.
解析:考查情态动词。答语表示“好吧,如果你真想知道,我的腿太瘦了”,此处是must的习惯用法,if you must...表示“不想让你??但也没办法”。
答案:must
考点四 shall的用法
1.用于第一、第三人称疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见和向对方请示。
Shall we begin our class? 我们可以开始上课吗? Shall the driver wait outside? 司机在外边等着可以吗?
2.用于第二、第三人称陈述句中,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。
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I promised he shall get a present for his birthday. 我许诺给他一件生日礼物。
You shall not get my support if you do such a thing. 假如你做那种事,我就不支持你。 [考题印证]
—Can I get out in the daytime?
—No. The school rules state that no child ________ be allowed out during the day, unless accompanied by an adult.
解析:shall用于第三人称,在条约、规定,法令等文件中表示义务或规定。
答案:shall
考点五 will和would的用法
作情态动词的will,would与作助动词的will,would的各种形式相同。
1.表示自愿做或主动提出做什么,如意志、愿望或决定等。 would用于过去的情况。 —Can someone fetch some water? 谁能去取点水来? —I will. 我去。
2.与you连用表示请求或要求:用won't you强调邀请的语气。would比will更客气、委婉。
Would you mind opening the window for me? 请你给我打开窗户好吗?
3.will表示规律性的“注定会”。 You will regret forever if you lose the chance.
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如果失去这个机会你会后悔一辈子的。 [考题印证]
(2012·沧州联考改编)These plants ________ die if it doesn't rain in another week.
解析:will表示“注定会??”。 答案:will
考点六 need和dare的用法
need和dare既可用作情态动词,也可用作实义动词。用作情态动词时,主要用于否定句和疑问句。用作实义动词时,可用于各种句式。
1.用作情态动词 —Need I come? 我需要来吗? —Yes, you must. 需要。
You needn't telephone him now. 你现在不必打电话给他。 She dare not go out alone at night.她晚上不敢一个人出去。 2.用作实义动词
You don't need to do it yourself. 你不必亲自做这件事。 We need to tell them the news. 我们需要把这消息告诉他们。
The table needs painting (to be painted). 桌子需要油漆一下。
We should dare to give our own opinion.
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我们要敢于提出自己的观点。 He did not dare to look up. 他不敢抬头看。 [考题印证]
—Who is late for class again? —________ you ask? Tim, of course.
解析:第一个问“谁上课又迟到了?”根据答语的第二句“Tim,of course.”可知,空白处填Need。答句意为“还需要问吗?当然是蒂姆了。”
答案:Need
考点七 used to和would
1.表示过去重复、习惯性动作时,used to可用would代替。 He would sit at the door waiting for his son coming back. 他老是坐在门口等儿子回来。
2.used to强调过去与现在对比,would则没这个意思。 He used to get up early.
他以前常常起得很早。(他现在不早起了)
3.表示过去的状态,只能用used to,不可以用would。 There used to be a tree in my yard. 以前,我家院里有一棵树。 [考题印证]
There ________ to be a lot of trees here, but now none is left. 解析:there used to be...过去有??。 答案:used
考点八 could/might/would/should表委婉的功能 —Could/Might I use your bike tomorrow morning?
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