What researchers do is leave the child alone in a room with a marshmallow, telling them they can either eat the marshmallow immediately, or, if they can wait till the researchers return, they can have 5 marshmallows. What this is testing is “impulse control” and the ability to “delay gratification”. It’s an example of “frustration tolerance”. Much of what we want later on in life requires resisting the immediate impulse, and also being able to “delay gratification”, i.e., when in college, you might have preferred to be off surfing in Hawaii, but, since you valued what a college education would do for you, you stuck with it. And it meant giving up some things you might have preferred doing at the time.
Some of the children can’t resist, and take the marshmallow immediately. Others stick it out, and what do they do? They count their fingers and toes... get up and look out the window... find a book in the room and read it... look up at the ceiling—they are very clever!
Somewhere they developed this skill... could it have been their parents?
My mom used to tell me “When you’re angry, stop and count to ten”. She was teaching me to stop and think before I spoke or took action. This is a tried-and-true way to emotional intelligence—stopping to think before you act or react.
(1) Which of the following is not included in EQ? [本题2分] (A) the ability to understand one’s own emotions 正确答案：A
(2) The Marshmallow Test is to __________. [本题2分] (D) test one’s temper 正确答案：D
(3) You stuck with a college education although you preferred to be off surfing in Hawaii. This example is to explain __________. [本题2分]
(C) the ability to “delay gratification” 正确答案：C
(4) The example of the author and his mother shows __________. [本题2分]
(B) the author is very clever 正确答案：B
(5) Which of the following is true? [本题2分] (B) If a person’s EQ is high, he will be successful. 正确答案：B 42.
IQ is not the determining factor for success,” said Janell Kilgore, a staff counselor in the Faculty and Staff Assistance Program. IQ contributes about 20 percent to the factors that determine life success, which leaves 80 percent to other forces, including EQ, she noted. Goleman writes that “the vast majority of one’s ultimate status in society is
determined by non-IQ factors, ranging from social class to luck”. Emotional intelligence is one of those factors that can be improved or enhanced.
According to Kilgore, understanding and practicing five key concepts can improve your emotional intelligence.
Knowing one’s own emotions
Recognize and name emotions you feel; understand why you feel that way; and distinguish between feelings and actions. “As a parent, you can begin now with your children, teaching them about their emotions. But first you have to know your own. You have to be able to tell yourself what you’re feeling,” Kilgore said.
Recognizing emotions in others
The ability to take another person’s perspective, Kilgore said, is a skill that effective managers and supervisors possess. Emotionally intelligent individuals also are sensitive to other people’s feelings and listen well. Kilgore led workshop participants through an exercise designed to illustrate these ideas. She showed two emotionally charged clips from the movies Parenthood and E.T., asking individuals to write down emotions they saw exhibited by the characters’ body language. Participants also wrote down their own feelings during each scene. The group’s list demonstrated the many emotions seen through the films’ characters, as well as the different ways people felt about the same scenes.
Managing emotions
Accept your feelings, but find a balance between over sensitivity or over expression and emotional suppression. Kilgore said her teenage daughters, when angry, have sometimes stomped up the stairs in their home. While some people may find this behavior unacceptable, Kilgore said she finds it healthy for them to express their emotions rather than suppressing them.
Handling relationships
Being perceptive, applying conflict management skills instead of ignoring conflict, and being considerate and cooperative are important in handling relationships with others. Kilgore also stresses that communication skills are essential to healthy relationships.
(1) According to researchers, which of the following is true?
[本题2分]
(D) EQ contributes a small part to life success. 正确答案：D
(2) The word “sensitive” in paragraph 4 line 2 means __________. [本题2分]
(C) likely to cause disagreement or make people angry or upset 正确答案：C
(3) Why did Kilgore ask individuals to write down emotions they saw in the movie characters and their own feelings? [本题2 (A) Because she researched human emotions. 正确答案：A
(4) The example of Kilgore’s daughters indicates __________. [本题2分]
(C) Suppressing emotions is good for her daughters’ health 正确答案：C
(5) The main idea of the passage is __________. [本题2分] (B) EQ is more important than IQ 正确答案：B 43.
When we talk about intelligence, we do not mean the ability to get good scores on certain kinds of tests or even the ability to do well in school. By intelligence we mean a way of living and behaving, especially in a new or upsetting situation. If we want to test intelligence, we need to find out how a person acts instead of how much he knows what to do.
For instance, when in a new situation, an intelligent person thinks about the situation, not about himself or what might happen to him. He tries to find out all he can, and then he acts immediately and tries to do something about it. He probably isn't sure how it will all work out, but at least he tries. And, if he can't make things work out right, he doesn't feel ashamed that he failed; he just tries to learn from his mistakes. An intelligent person, even if he is very young, has a special outlook on life, a special feeling about life, and knows how he fits into it. If you look at children, you'll see great difference between what we call \children and \of people, not just the same kind with different amount of intelligence. For example, the bright child really wants to find out about life - he tries to get in touch with everything around him. But, the unintelligent child keeps more to himself and his own dream-world; he seems to have a wall between him and life in general.
If the driving force of intelligence in the twentieth century business has been IQ, then in accordance to
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growing evidence, in the twenty first century it will be EQ, and related and practical forms of practical and creative intelligence.
(1) When we talk about intelligence, we mean __________. [本题2分]
(B) the ability to do well in school 正确答案：B
(2) An intelligent person __________. [本题2分] (D) stops trying when he fails 正确答案：D
(3) Bright children and not-bright children __________. [本题2分]
(C) think differently 正确答案：C
(4) The last paragraph is to show __________. [本题2分] (C) IQ is more important than EQ 正确答案：C
(5) The topic of the passage may be __________. [本题2分] (D) The Difference between IQ and EQ 正确答案：D 44.
Why are so many people so afraid of failure? Quite simply because no one tells us how to fail so that failure becomes an experience that will lead to growth. We forget that failure is part of the human condition and that every person has the right to fail.
Most parents work hard at either preventing failure or protecting their children from the knowledge that they have failed. One way is to lower standards. A mother describes her child’s hastily making table as “Perfect!” even though it couldn’t stand on uneven legs. Another way is to shift blame. If John fails science, his teacher is unfair or stupid.
The trouble with failure-prevention methods is that they leave a child unequipped for life in the real world. The young need to learn that no one can be best at everything, no one can win all the time — and that it’s possible to enjoy a game even when you don’t win. A child who’s not invited to a birthday party, who doesn’t make the honor roll or the baseball team, feels terrible, of course. But parents should not offer a quick comfort prize or say, “It doesn’t matter” because it does. The young should be allowed to experience disappointment — and be helped to master it.
Failure is never pleasurable. It hurts grown-ups and children alike. But it can make a positive contribution to your life once you can learn to use it. Step one is to ask “Why did I fail?” Control the natural impulse to blame someone else. Ask yourself what you did wrong, how you can improve. Second, is the goal you’re to reach the right one? Think about this question. “If you do succeed in this,
where will it get me?” This may help you prevent failure in things you shouldn’t be doing anyhow. The third thing to keep in mind about failure is that it’s part of life. Learn to “live with yourself” even though you may have failed. Remember, “You can’t win them all.”
(1) The main idea of this passage is __________. [本题2分] (C) how to deal with failure 正确答案：C
(2) According to the passage, which of the following is not true? [本题2分]
(D) If a child fails a subject, he should blame his teacher. 正确答案：D
(3) According to the writer, __________. [本题2分]
(B) children should be encouraged to get rid of disappointment all by themselves 正确答案：B
(4) The last paragraph tells us __________. [本题2分] (C) failure is not enjoyable 正确答案：C
(5) “Live with yourself” in the last line may mean __________. [本题2分]
(D) to support yourself when you fail 正确答案：D
45. Take jealousy for example. Remember that time your partner spent so __(1)__ extra time with that tall blonde at your best friend’s party? When you mentioned it, he got angry and yelled: “You’re always so jealous! You have to learn to trust me.” He made you feel so foolish—like an insecure little girl—and you vowed you __(2)__jealous again.
It doesn’t work that way. Jealousy is only a symptom, and trust isn’t the issue. Fear is. __(3)__ you figure out what you’re afraid of, you’ll find yourself on that merry-go-round again and again. So sit down and __(4)__ why you feel so fearful about the attentions your significant someone shines on someone else.
Some fears are obvious. Will he find someone else more attractive? If he finds __(5)__ more attractive, will he leave you? If he leaves you, what will you do? We stay in unhappy or destructive relationships and jobs for far longer than is emotionally healthy __(6)__ we fear change. And we don’t trust ourselves to __(7)__the right decisions. Goleman says __(8)__literate people have learned how to express their emotions at the right time and place and in the right way. They’re also aware __(9)__ how their emotions affect others, keeping the __(10)__ on cooperation instead of competition or compliance. (1) [本题1分] (B) much 正确答案：B
(2) [本题1分] (C) would be 正确答案：C (3) [本题1分] (D) Then 正确答案：D (4) [本题1分] (B) analyzing 正确答案：B (5) [本题1分] (A) anyone 正确答案：A (6) [本题1分] (B) where 正确答案：B (7) [本题1分] (C) take 正确答案：C (8) [本题1分] (D) emotionally 正确答案：D (9) [本题1分] (C) in 正确答案：C (10) [本题1分] (C) spot 正确答案：C 第七次作业
一、单项选择题(只有一个选项正确，共40道小题) 1. – What do you think of my suggestion? (D) I can’t come up with a better one 正确答案：D
2. –I wonder if you can come over tonight. (A) I’d love to, but I am busy tonight 正确答案：A
3. – Why don’t we watch the fashion show tonight? (B) Sounds great 正确答案：B
4. – I am on my way to the bank. Want to come? (C) Sure. Wait a minute 正确答案：C
5. – Would you like to take a look? (A) With pleasure 正确答案：A
6. – At this time tomorrow morning, we’ll be in London. I’m so excited! (C) Me, too 正确答案：C
7. – This is the worst film ever produced. (A) You said it
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正确答案：A
8. – Do you mind if I change the channel? (C) I’d rather you didn’t 正确答案：C
9. – Hi, Jane. Mind if I have lunch with you? (D) No, not at all 正确答案：D
10. – Can I borrow your textbook, Susan? (B) Sure, here you are 正确答案：B
11. The fact _________ most people believe the earth is flat does not mean that it is true. [本题1分] (A) that 正确答案：A
12. _________ made matters worse was that he was ill. [本题1分] (B) What 正确答案：B
13. The people living here have free _________ to that swimming pool. [本题1分] (A) access 正确答案：A
14. Mechanical research has shown that dirty water contributes_______ the rapid spread of disease. [本题1分] (D) to 正确答案：D
15. Many difficulties have _________ as a result of the economic crisis. [本题1分] (B) arisen 正确答案：B
16. _________ of the two books holds the opinion that the danger of nuclear war is increasing. [本题1分] (D) Neither 正确答案：D
17. The accountant and private secretary of the company _________ the conference. [本题1分] (C) is to attend 正确答案：C
18. We always give the vacant seats to_________ comes first. [本题1分] (D) whoever 正确答案：D
19. He _________ cigarettes because of depression. [本题1分] (A) takes to 正确答案：A
20. There has been a sudden drop in retail sales, _________? [本题1分] (B) hasn’t there 正确答案：B
21. _________ you’ve finished the work, you ought to have a
good rest. [本题1分] (B) Now that 正确答案：B
22. In fact, George would rather have left for London than ______ in Paris. [本题1分] (C) stayed 正确答案：C
23. My father seemed to be in no _______to celebrate. [本题1分] (A) mood 正确答案：A
24. The storm stopped him _______ coming to our party. [本题1分] (C) from 正确答案：C
25. The manager needs an _______ secretary [本题1分] (C) efficient 正确答案：C
26. He is hostile ______ reform. [本题1分] (D) to 正确答案：D
27. What you have done is _________ our expectations. [本题1分]
(C) contrary to 正确答案：C
28. His mistake was _________ carelessness. [本题1分] (A) due to 正确答案：A
29. Congress has criticized new government measures to _________ crime. [本题1分] (B) combat 正确答案：B
30. I cannot _________ this signature. [本题1分] (D) identify 正确答案：D
31. The research center has published a report on child _________. [本题1分] (B) abuse 正确答案：B
32. Gambling is not _________ here. [本题1分] (A) legal 正确答案：A
33. The smell of fresh bread _________ the whole house. [本题1分]
(C) penetrated 正确答案：C
34. Some language experts think foreign expressions _________ English. [本题1分] (B) corrupted 正确答案：B
35. The high-speed train service is planned to _________ from the city to the countryside. [本题1分] (B) extend 正确答案：B
36. I believe she can cope _________ the difficult situation. [本题1分] (D) with 正确答案：D
37. The _________ price of goods rose by just 2.2%. [本题1分] (C) average 正确答案：C
38. With a _________ of the mouse, we can surf online. [本题1分] (C) click 正确答案：C
39. You’d better steer _________ of these sensitive issues. [本题1分] (A) clear 正确答案：A
40. Her manner of speaking was to the _________ of elegance. [本题1分] (B) point 正确答案：B
二、阅读理解、完形填空题(共5道小题) 41.
Of the many problems in the world today, none is as widespread, or as old, as crime. Crime has many forms, including crimes against property, person, and government. Crime, in all its forms, penetrates every layer of society and touches every human being. You may never have been robbed, but you suffer the increased cost of store-bought items because of others’ shoplifting. Your house is not worth as much today as it was a few years ago because of the increased crime rate in your neighborhood. Perhaps your business is not doing as well as it used to because tourism is down due to increased terrorism in your part of the world.
Crime, especially violent crime, has risen to a point where many people are afraid to walk alone in their own neighborhoods, afraid to open their door after dark, afraid to speak out and voice their own opinions. Some citizens have reacted by arming themselves with various weapons, legal and illegal, to defend themselves. Citizen groups have taken the law into their own hands by forming their own vigilante groups to administer “judgment” when they feel that their criminal justice system has not performed its duty.
Experts argue whether the number of crimes committed is actually on the rise or whether there is simply a rise in the number of crimes reported. This issue is
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particularly true in cases of marriage violence, the abuse of spouse or children. Throughout much of history, cases of family violence and neglect often went unreported because of the attitude of society, which considered family matters to be private.
Other experts argue about who is really to blame for criminal behavior: the individual or society. Researchers in the United States and Canada have identified several factors in society that contribute to the crime rate: massive urbanization, unemployment and poverty, and a large immigrant population. Other countries are more affected by factors such as politics, government corruption, and religion.
(1) What does the passage mainly discuss? [本题2分] (A) Crime－the widespread problem. 正确答案：A
(2) The word “shoplifting” in line 4 is closest in meaning to _____________. [本题2分]
(D) the crime of stealing things from shops 正确答案：D
(3) Why does the author in Paragraph 2 mention citizen groups forming their own vigilante groups? [本题2分] (C) To show crime is a serious social problem 正确答案：C
(4) According to the passage, which of the following are the factors contributing to United States’ criminal behavior? [本题2 (B) Massive urbanization, unemployment and poverty, and a large immigrant population. 正确答案：B
(5) Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? [本题2分]
(B) Some people use illegal weapons to defend themselves. 正确答案：B 42.
“The teenage years should be the best years of your life!”
Young people often hear adults say this, but many teenagers disagree. They simply don’t feel like they’re in the midst of their “best years”. The pressures of school exams and concerns about relationships with family and friends create a great deal of stress for the average teenager. Many find ways to cope with the stress. But for a large number of teens, their problems seem impossible to deal with. When this happens, the young person may fall into depression. In mainland China, a survey found that 16 percent of college students suffered from fear, anxiety, or depression. Increasing mental health problems have prompted the government to look for possible solutions.
This growing trend extends beyond Asia, too.
Studies in the U.S. and the UK show that teenage depression is on the rise. A 2004 report stated that emotional problems among Britain’s youth have increased by 70 percent over the past 25 years.
Faced with these startling numbers, mental health professionals are hoping to raise awareness. Depression can range from mild unhappiness to thoughts of suicide. For this reason, adults should take the illness seriously. Parents can do this by learning about the causes and symptoms of teen depression.
Some factors that may lead to teenage depression are:
●Overwhelming expectations by parents and other adults
●Parental separation or divorce ●Death of a loved one ●Moving to a new location ●Physical illness
“Most of the time when teens are depressed, there’s something wrong in their lives,” says UCLA psychology professor Constance Hammen. “Kids often get depressed because bad things happen to them that they don’t have the coping skills to deal with.”
If you are experiencing any symptoms of depression, you need to talk with someone. There’s no shame in being depressed. Most people suffer from it at one time or another. Unfortunately, feelings of depression may cause you to feel hopeless about your life and your future. But another person can help you put things in perspective. (1) In paragraphs 3 and 4, a survey in mainland China and a 2004 report are mentioned to ______________. [本题2分] (D) indicate teenage depression is a growing problem in many countries. 正确答案：D
(2) Why do kids often get depressed according to Constance Hammen? [本题2分]
(C) Because they can’t deal with the problems. 正确答案：C
(3) All of the following can fall into the category of “depression” EXCEPT __________. [本题2分] (A) stress 正确答案：A
(4) If you feel depressed, you should __________. [本题2分] (C) talk to someone 正确答案：C
(5) The word “it” in the last paragraph refers to ______________. [本题2分] (B) depression 正确答案：B 43.
About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table. I couldn’t help overhearing parts of their conversation. At one point the woman asked, “So, how have you been?” And the boy—who could not have been more than seven or eight years old —replied, “Frankly, I’ve been feeling a little depressed lately.”
This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed my growing belief that children are changing. As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were “depressed” until we were in high school.
The evidence of a change in children has increased steadily in recent years. Children don’t seem childlike any more. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to.
Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. Childhood as it once was no longer exists, why?
Human development is based not only on innate (天生的) biological states, but also on patterns of access to social knowledge. Movement from one social role to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new status. Children have always been taught adult secrets, but slowly and in stages: traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders.
In the last 30 years, however, a secret-revelation (揭示) machine has been installed in 98 percent of American homes. It is called television. Television passes information, and indiscriminately (不加区分地), to all viewers alike, be they children or adults. Unable to resist the temptation, many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging, more vivid moving pictures.
Communication through print, as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information to which children have access. Reading and writing involve a complex code of symbols that must be memorized and practiced. Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials.
(1) Feeling depressed once was _______. [本题2分] (B) something hardly to be expected in a young child 正确答案：B
(2) Today’s children are adult-like because of the _________________. [本题2分]
(D) widespread influence of television 正确答案：D
(3) How did a child learn about the adult world traditionally? [本题2分]
(C) Stage by stage and under guidance.
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