疯狂专练八
并列句和三大从句单句填空+语法填空
技巧点拨
当空格前后都是句子(一个主谓关系算一个句子)，且这两个句子之间没有关联词时，填关联词；若并列的两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，填表示联合、选择、转折等意义的连词(and/but/so/or)；从属句间常依据句子的属性是名词性从句、形容词性从句还是副词性从句来确定其关联词。具体解题技巧如下：
第一步：分析结构，若两个句子(有两个主谓结构)之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连接词，空格必填连接词(此
处的连接词包括并列连词，如：and, but, or, while, so, for等；引导状语从句的从属连词；引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词；引导名词性从句的连接代词、连接副词和连词that, if, whether)。
第二步：根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或根据句式结构来确定是并列结构还是某种主从复合句。 第三步：若是主从复合句，要根据从句的特点，结合连词的意义和作用，确定填具体的某个连接词。
who (主语) whom (宾语) that(主语/宾语) which(主语/宾语) whose(所有格) 关系副词 连词 名词性 从句 连接代词 连接副词 因果关系 转折关系 假设关系 连词 让步关系 时间关系 结果关系 though, although when, while, as, before, after, until, since so that，such that when(时间) where(地点) why(原因) how(方式) that，if，whether that，which，who，whom，whose，as，what，whether when，why，where，how(＋ever) because, as, since, so though, but if, unless 常考考点
关系代词 定语从句 比较关系 【易混易错】
as…as，than 强调句型与主语从句、状语从句、定语从句的区别： 1. 强调句型与主语从句的比较
强调句型将句子中的it is/was与that/who同时省去，句子仍然成立；而包含主语从句的句子用that从句代替it，句子成立。如：
?It was Li Lei’s brother that you met in the street yesterday.你昨天在街上遇到的是李雷的哥哥。
(本句若将It was 及that同时省去为：You met Li Lei’s brother in the street yesterday.句子同样成立，因此本句是强调句型。)
?It is exciting that we have succeeded in sending up Shenzhou X.我们成功地发射了神舟十号这件事情真令人兴奋。(本句若将It is 及that同时省去为：We have succeeded exciting in sending up Shenzhou X.显然句子错误，因此，本句不是强调句型，that引导主语从句，it是形式主语。) 2. 强调句型与定语从句的比较
强调句型中的it没有实际意义，it is/was与that/who去掉后句子结构仍然完整。但定语从句中的it be和作主语的that去掉后句子结构不完整。 3.强调句型与状语从句的比较
强调句型中的it is/was与that/who同时省去，句子仍然成立；而包含状语从句的句子it是主语。如： ?It was 8 o’clock when they went home.他们回家时是8点。 (句中代词it作主语，指代时间，when引导时间状语从句) ?It was at 8 o’clock that they went home.他们是在8点回家的。 (本句是强调句型，at 8 o’clock是被强调部分)
小题狂练
1.【2019年·全国 II卷】Irene said，“I don't see any reason to give up work. I work not because I have to, ___7___ because I want to.”
2.While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ___1___ they range all the way across the Arctic 【2019·全国卷I】3.【2019年浙江卷】 On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___3__gives off light in the dark.
4. 【2018·全国卷III】I'm not sure _____1_____ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere.
5. Word came _______ the students would put off the outing until next week, when they wouldn’t be busy. 6. There were so many kinds of bikes in the shop that he really didn’t know _____ he could choose. 7. Some pictures of the river brought the days back to the old people ______ they swam in it.
8. There is no point in giving up something you enjoy ________ you get something back that’s even better.
9. Zhang Ze took on a victory in the 2019 French Open, ___________we all regard as the highest-ranked Chinese male player.
10. They’re not simply made in China, designed in the country. 11. Jane moved aimlessly down the tree - lined street, not knowing ________ she was heading. 12. This is ________ there is a saying that if you want something done, ask a busy person to do it. 13. The students benefitting most from college are those ______ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.
14. When traveling,we will enjoy ourselves and learn something from the exploration, attracts me very much.
直击考题
passage1
体裁 说明文 主题 加州的实验学校 字数 220字 建议用时 7分钟 Khan Lab School is bringing back the one-room model to teach young students in Mountain View，California. The school is 1 laboratory for an experimental kind of learning. Silicon Valley, 2 (know) for its technology companies，is also the birthplace of the school.
Students aged 5 to 15 attend the experimental Khan Lab School, which 3 (have)no grade levels and no homework. The students are in school from 8：30 in the morning until six o’clock at night. And，the school is open all year long，with small 4 (break)here and there.
The school is the idea of Salman Khan，the founder of Khan Academy—famous for its educational videos. The videos on the Internet are free 5 have millions of users around the world.
Khan said he 6 (start) Khan Lab School because he thinks the present education system has problems. He hopes to create a 7 (good)learning model.
He said the one-room model lets the older students help younger students, 8 means the younger children get a lot of help. They get the help of the teacher and the older students.
Khan said students also learn the study material 9 their own speed through videos. And，they get more attention through one-on-one discussions with teachers. They also learn by 10 (do)projects.
passage2
体裁 说明文 主题 交通方式 字数 184字 建议用时 8分钟 Amsterdam 1 (call) the “City of Bicycles” because of the convenience of riding bicycles there. In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans had 2 idea that it would be better for everybody if cars weren't allowed in the city centre and only bicycles were. They were 3 (hope) that this would help to save energy, reduce 4 (pollute) and provide free public transport. The group painted hundreds of bicycles white and placed them in lots of neighbourhoods around Amsterdam for people to use.
5 (fortunate), it didn't work because 6 (thief) took all the bicycles within weeks! However, more than thirty years later, the “white bike” is back in town — this time with a computer chip to record its every move! 7 (take) a bicycle, you have to insert a special card. People who want to use the bikes 8 (park) at special parking places have to take them to another special parking place 9 has enough room. Thanks to the good ideas of lots of people, many people around the world have been enjoying city center streets 10 cars for many years.
passage3
体裁 记叙文 主题 善行 字数 204字 建议用时 8分钟 【2019·成都树德中学博瑞实验学校高二月考】
Jane felt sweet in the drive－through line at Heav’nly Donuts. Just the day before, a stranger ahead of her in line had 1 (generous) paid for her coffee. “The gesture made such a big difference in my day,” says Eileen. She had recently lost her job as a doctor's 2 (assist), and money was tight. But Eileen 3 (inspire) to pay the $12 bill of the family in the car behind hers. 4 she didn't know was that her kindness would set off a chain reaction. In two and a half hours, fifty－five drivers paid for the order of the person behind 5 (they)．The doughnut shop's employees 6 (see) this before. This Heav’nly Donuts, in fact, is known as a special place, the customers of 7 are considered as the “best in the world”．But, even so, the workers were 8 (amaze) that the shop had more than doubled its previous record by the end of the day.
Now 9 (work) as a chemist, Jane visits Heav’nly Donuts every Saturday morning, picking up a coffee and paying for the order of the customer behind her. “Actually, I wish I 10 (start) this deed much earlier.” She said.
passage4
