Festivals around the world 语言点详解
词汇详解： Ⅰ.词语辨析
1. take place / happen / occur / come about / break out 【解释】
take place表示―发生、举行、举办，一般指非偶然性事件的―发生‖，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。
happen作―发生、碰巧，一般用于偶然或突发性事件。 occur作―发生、想到、突然想起，其意义相当于happen。
come about表示―发生、产生，多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句。
break out意思为―发生、爆发，常指战争、灾难、疾病、火灾或者争吵等事件的发生，也可以表示突然大声叫喊等。
【练习】根据句子的意思翻译或按要求填词。
1). Great changes have _________ (发生) in our hometown during the past ten years. 2). _____________________ (我突然想起) I saw him on my way home yesterday. 3). I _________ (碰巧) to see your sister crying on my way to school yesterday. I was in such a hurry that I had no time to ask what had happened ________ (介词) her?
4). When the Second World War _________ (爆发), Tom was only a newborn infant. 5). I’ ll never understand how it _________ (发生) that you were late three times a week. 6). A big earthquake _________ (发生) in the south of China last year.
答案：1). taken place 2). It occurred to me that 3). happened; to 4). broke out 5). came about 6). occurred / happened 2. celebrate / congratulate 【解释】
celebrate―庆祝，后面跟某个节日或物。
congratulate―祝贺，一般搭配为congratulate sb. on (doing)sth.―祝贺某人某事‖。 【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). We all ________ Jessica on her winning the first prize in the writing competition. 2). At Christmas the people in the western countries will ________ the birth of Jesus. 3). Let
‘s hold a party to ________ your birthday and at the same time ________ you _______ your passing the examination.
答案： 1). congratulated 2). celebrate 3). celebrate; congratulate; on 3. gather / collect 【解释】
gather 用途较广泛，可用于人、物或无形的抽象事物，如人群的集合，食品、财产、文件、书籍等的收集。强调将分散的东西收集在一起。 collect 强调为了研究目的而做的有鉴别、有计划的收集，并指为了爱好而做的有条理的安排，
对某些事物进行逐渐的收集 这两词用不及物动词时用，常可互换，都表 ― 聚集；聚拢 。 【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。 1). The dustmen ________ the rubbish once a week. 2). A group of people were ________ at the accident spot. 3). She ________ up her scattered belongings and left. 4). So when did you start ________ antique glass? 答案：
1). collect 2). gathering/(collecting) 3). gathered/collected 4). collecting 4. award / reward 【解释】
award n.奖品、奖金，指因为作出杰出成就而受奖win/get/receive an award for sth. vt.授与、颁发、判给 award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. reward n.赏金、酬金或些非金钱的报酬 as a reward
vt. 表示报答、酬谢之意 reward sb. for sth. / reward sb. with sth. 【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。 1). They ________ John the first prize in the contest. 2). Is that how you ________ me for my help? 答案：1). awarded 2). reward Ⅱ.词性变化
1. beauty n.美，美丽；美人， 美的东西 beautiful adj. 美的，美丽的 beautifully adv.美丽地；优美地 beautify v.美化，变美 2. religion n. 宗教,信仰 religious adj.宗教的,虔诚的
3. satisfy vt. 满足；使满意 satisfaction n.满意
satisfying adj.令人满意的 satisfied感到满意的
4. arrive vi. 到达，到来
arrival n. 到达,到来,到达者/物
5. depend vi. 依靠,信赖, 决定于 dependent adj.依靠的,依赖的 independent adj.独立的,自主的 dependence n.信赖，依赖 independence n.独立，自立
6. energy n. 活力，精力， 能源
energetic adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的 energetically adv. 精力充沛地，积极地
7. apologize vi. 道歉，认错 apology n. 道歉，认错
8. sad adj. 悲哀的；十分糟 糕的，令人伤心遗憾的 sadly adv. 悲哀地；凄惨地 sadness n.悲哀；悲痛；凄惨 【练习】
用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). We should respect the ________ (religion) activities of the local people. 2). To the experts’ _________ (satisfy), the sick child had a quick recovery. 3). He is the most _________ (energy) boy I have ever met.
4). Nowadays lots of young people want financial ________ (depend). 5). Mike was arrested on his ________ (arrive) from New York.
6). You must make an ________ (apologize) to your sister for being so rude. 7). He expressed his ________ (sad) about what had happened. 8). Their house is ________ (beauty) decorated.
答案： 1). religious 2). satisfaction 3). energetic 4). independence 5). arrival 6). apology 7). sadness 8). beautifully
Ⅲ.重点词汇
1. mean (meant, meant) vt.&vi. 意思是；意味着；打算；预定 【 典例】
1). The sign means that the road is blocked. 这个标志表示此路不通。
2). What do you mean to do with it? 你打算把它怎样处理？
3). I mean you to work as our spokesman. 我想请你当我们的代言人。 【 重点用法】
(sth.) mean doing sth. 意味着… (sb) mean to do sth. 打算做…
had meant to do sth. 本来打算做某事 be meant for 打算作……用；打算给…
(sth.) be meant to do sth. 被预定/指定/认为做某事
What do／did you mean by...? ―你……是什么意思？‖ 【 练习】
按要求填空或翻译。
1). Can you tell me what this sentence______ (mean)?
2). Your friendship ______ (mean) a great deal ______ (介词) me.
3). In some parts of London, missing a bus means ______ (wait) for another hour. 4). What did he mean ______ (介词) saying that remark?
5). I ______ ______ ______ ______（本来打算来yesterday, but I had an unexpected visitor. 6). 这些房间是打算用作少年活动中心的。
______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：1). mean 2). means; to 3). waiting 4). by 5). had meant to come 6).These rooms are meant for the children‘s centre.
2. starve vi.&vt. (使)饿死；饿得要死 starvation n.【 u】饿死 【 典例】
1). The enemy is trying to starve us to death. 敌人正在企图饿死我们。
2). I’ m starving; let’ s have a big dinner.
我饿得要死了，让我们吃一顿丰盛的晚餐吧。 3). He said he would starve rather than beg for food. 他说他宁愿挨饿也不要饭吃。 【 重点用法】
starve to death = die of starvation/hunger饿死 starve sb to death 把某人饿死
starve for sth. = be starved of sth. = hope/long for sth. 希望/渴望得到某物 【 练习】
用starve的短语的适当形式填空。
1). Thousands of people ________ ________ ________ in Africa. 2). These children are ________ ________ love.
3). The people on the island _______ _______ _______ fresh water since it hadn‘t rained for nearly half a year.
Keys: 1). starved to death/died of starvation 2). starving for 3). were starved of
3. belief n. 【 c,u】信任；信仰；信心 believe vt.&vi. 相信 【 典例】
1). He has great belief in his doctor. 他对那位医生无比信赖。
2). She has lost her belief in God.
她已不相信上帝（不相信真有上帝）。 【 重点用法】
have belief in sth/sb 对某事物/人的真实性和正确性所具有的信心 beyond belief 难以置信
in the belief that... 相信 …… It is my belief that... 我相信…… 【 练习】
用belief的短语填空。
1). He came to me ________ ________ ________ ________ I could help him. 2). ________ ________ ________ ________ that nuclear weapons are immoral. 3). The cruelty of the murders was ________ ________.
答案：1). in the belief that 2). It is my belief 3). beyond belief
4. gain vt. 获得；得到 n.【 c,u】收获；获利 【 典例】
该词有三种含义：
