凯程考研辅导班，中国最强的考研辅导机构，http://www.kaichengschool.com
考研就找凯程考研，学生满意，家长放心，社会认可！
2016翻译硕士英语必背作文
轻松搞定翻译硕士，英语作文，就是这么任性~
这个时候还没启动英语写作的同学这个帖子就是救命的，含金量非常之高，背背~写写~
(一)全球化的缺点：
? 经济上，发展中国家的劳动力被剥削，资源被取用，而产品却不能够进人发达国家，国内产业受到外商和外企的冲击;?社会上，外国的产品流人一个国家，会改变人们的生活习惯和购买习惯;年轻人比较喜欢外同产品，比如说食品、衣服、电子产品和娱乐方式;
? 文化上，本土文化会被削弱，本土语言会受到威胁，文化多样性会逐步损失;
? 环境上，工业化生产和交通量的加大会增加温室气体的排放;游人的增多会对自然环境构成威胁。
Topic 1: Increasing travelsbetween countries enable people to learn different cultures or to increasetension between people from different countries?
外来人口的增加有利于文化的交流：
? 游客或者移民都具备经济利益和价值(commercial interest and economic value); 而外同人的停留时间是和东道国的合作密切相关的(The length of stay depends on the cooperation of the host society.);很多当地人因此表现得非常好客和友好，这有助于文化的交流(Manylocal people are very friendly and hospitable, which promote the culturalcommunications.);
? 对其他的文化和人民更为了解(a better understanding of other cultures and other peoples),改变人们对其他民族和文化的态度(alter one's attitudestowards another people or culture);人们因此可以接受不同的文化和价值观(embrace different values and cultures),可以和平共处(create motivation to coexistpeacefully), 并促进对\多元文化的理解 (promote multi-culturalunderstanding);
? 促进文化的融合(promote integration),消除文化障碍(remove cultural barriers), 外来人口的增加导致冲突：
? 违反当地的习俗会激怒当地人(breach of local customs can irritate the locals);
凯程考研，考研机构，10年高质量辅导，值得信赖！ 以学员的前途为已任，为学员提
供高效、专业的服务，团队合作,为学员服务，为学员引路。
凯程考研辅导班，中国最强的考研辅导机构，http://www.kaichengschool.com
考研就找凯程考研，学生满意，家长放心，社会认可！
? 不同文化的人看待同一事物总有不同的角度(harbour different perceptions),并给予不同的解释(different interpretations)，比如对手势、衣服、言行举止有不同的理解;举止不当会引起当地人意想不到的反应(provoke unanticipated responses); ?外国游客增多会对当地环境造成压力，甚至破坏环境，而移民增多可能导致工作机会减少，致使竞争更加激烈，这些都有可能引起当地人的反感(cause resentment in local communities).
范文
Globalization is a catch-all term thatrefers to any activity that involves more than one country, for example, travelfrom one country to another. The dramatic increase in transnational travel inrecent years has sparked controversy over the potential impacts of this trendon individual countriesf especially those new member states of globalization.Some people are concerned that the upsurge in new arrivals will prompt localhostility against visitors instead of promoting their understanding on mutualcultural background. This notion should be rejected as one can see many factsin favor of this development between countries.
The first reason why international travelswould never bring conflict is rooted in the fact that both visitors and localsare economically motivated. International travel opens up opportunities forbusiness development throughout the world. Entrepreneurs are interested notonly in the domestic market but also in the oversea market. Foreigners shouldlearn the culture of a country before winning over the local people. In turn,locals should show their hospitality to visitors in exchange for their trust.They share a view that acceptance of each other's cultural background is unecessary condition for cooperation.
Understanding a culture has otherimplications. Differences in social background, cultural values and religiousbelief might make the discrepancy of foreigners and local inhabitants on someissues indelible; however, the higher interaction, the higher level ofcommunication and understanding. Arabians, for example, used to considerwesterners as their foes. Now they have concrete relations with their westernallies in many fields. In the initial stage, their divergence seemed inherentbut over time, with better mutual understanding, they take the same position onmany issues.
Undeniably, it is likely that in someresorts, foreign visitors repel the local community with their scant regard forthe local environment and conventions when they first arrive. However, itshould be noted that most offense is accidental, rather than intentional.Instead, visitors disobey rules and conventions simply because they have noknowledge of them. This situation is expected to be improved with the passingof time when visitors from different countries increase their knowledge of alocal culture.
According to the above analysis, we canobserve that the increase in the international travel should not be taken asthe cause of any conflict that arises between two countries. Alternatively, oneshould recognize its role in improving mutual understanding between twocountries.
近义词表
凯程考研，考研机构，10年高质量辅导，值得信赖！ 以学员的前途为已任，为学员提
供高效、专业的服务，团队合作,为学员服务，为学员引路。
凯程考研辅导班，中国最强的考研辅导机构，http://www.kaichengschool.com
考研就找凯程考研，学生满意，家长放心，社会认可！
1. catch-all = all-embracing:包罗甚广的 ;包括一切的 2. hostility=enmity=resentment:敌意,怨'恨,愤恨
3. rooted in=derived from=based on:基于 4.entrepreneur=tycoon=mogul=industrialist:企业家，实业家
5. discrepancy=disagreement=difference=divergence:分歧，矛盾
6. foe=enemy=rival:敌人，竟争对手 7. concrete=tangible=solid:具体的，实际的
8. overtime=in due course=sooner or later:最终，早
9. resort:胜地;tourist resort:旅游胜地;holiday resort：度假胜地;beach resort:海边度假胜地; scenic spot:景观;place of interest: 旅游景点
10. repel=revolt=repulse:使厌恶，憎恶 11. scant=limited=scarce:缺乏的，不足的
Topic2: When internationalmedia (including movies, fashion shows, advertisements and other TV programs)convey the same messages to the global audience, people argue that theexpansion of international media has negative impacts on cultural diversity.What is your opinion?
媒体信息一致的缺点：
? 国际媒体(global media)—般掌握在少数几个有实力的机构手中(in the hands of a few, large, powerful organizations);有了媒体的宣传(propaganda)后,西方文化成了主流(domineering force),大规模的、有吸引力的广告(mass seductive advertising )唤起了落后地区人们对物质新的向往(create fresh desires),经济联系增强(strong economic ties),西方产品取代了本地产 品，使人们更加向往西方的文化;
? 文化开始融合在一起(mingle),人们被新的价值观所围绕(bombarded with new values)，对自己的文化失去信心和自豪感(confidence and pride),拒绝接受自己的文化传统(rejection of theircultural heritage)转而接受西方的文化习惯(adoption of Western cultural practices);西方 媒体削弱了民族的特征(ethnic identity)和社会的凝聚力(social cohesion);因为担心失去观众 (a loss of viewers),当地的电视台也开始播放西方的电视节目(television shows),
? 国际媒体的普遍会降低世界文化的品质和多样性(degrade the quality and diversity of world culture);文化被商业化(commercialized), —些文化产品(cultural goods),如音乐、服装，都 变成了商品(commodities in the marketplace)。因此，即便一些文化在世界其他地方传播，它原来的性质(authenticity)已经丧失。
媒体信息一致的优点：
凯程考研，考研机构，10年高质量辅导，值得信赖！ 以学员的前途为已任，为学员提
供高效、专业的服务，团队合作,为学员服务，为学员引路。
凯程考研辅导班，中国最强的考研辅导机构，http://www.kaichengschool.com
考研就找凯程考研，学生满意，家长放心，社会认可！
? 国家之间的频繁交往会促进文化之间的交流。因此，相互了解和相互认同的可能性 (likelihood of mutual understanding and mutual acceptance )就会增加，这是顺应全球化的趋势;
? 未必一定放弃传统观念(not necessarily lead to the abolition of traditional values),事实上媒体 可以起到宣传和稳固传统文化的作用;
? 主流媒体一般都会反应文化多元性(The dominant media reflect cultural diversity.); —些外国 节目其实促进了文化多元性(Most foreign programming is promoting cultural diversity.),适应 了当地的条件(adapt to local conditions)，注意到了当地文化的敏感性(aware of cultural sensitivity).自我调节来适应市场(exercise self-censorship to suit the market :)。
范文
As international media companies expandacross the world, the growing popularity and uniformity of some media programs(such as TV shows, movies, fashion shows) is causing worldwide concern. Manypeople have strong views toward this trend. In my opinion, international mediais closely linked to cultural globalization and cultural homogeneity.
The dominance of international media is asign of Western cultural imperialism and has the potential to thwart culturaldiversity. It is not a secret that international media is owned and operated bya handful of giant corporations, such as Time Warner. They control largesectors of the media market and place national media companies at risk. Thecontraction in the number of media owners will cause a proportional reduction,in the variety of programs broadcasted. For example, painting, music and moviesaccessible in the media have a small number of genres, imposing restraints onone's knowledge of artworks of different cultural backgrounds.
In addition to seizing control over thosecreative industries, global entertainment companies affect cultural diversityby reshaping the perceptions, beliefs and norms of ordinary citizens indifferent countries. Most of the cultural values and ideals promoted by theleading mainstream media are of American origin. American culture valuesindividuality, maximization of one's benefits and material wealth, rather thancommunal life and family solidarity, the values and norms previously treasuredin\many Asian countries. Unfortunately, many Asian people now imitateAmerican people, causing the alteration of their perceptions of family. Thisradical change can be attributed to those movies and TV programs that portraythe success of American individuals or corporations.
The loss of media diversity is alsoresponsible for people's narrow sense of ways of life. The ruling class of manycountries speaks English, favors Western food, wears Western-style jackets andeven prefers Western weddings. Young people are captivated by Americanbasketball and some even daubing the names of NBA stars on their schoolsweatsuits. All these transformations in life are the result of the audience'sexposure to Hollywood movies, TV shows andsports reports. The loss of media diversity will lead to degradation of cultureand to a minimization of cultural diversity. It is a worrying trend, as peopleneed cultural diversity to preserve and pass on their
凯程考研，考研机构，10年高质量辅导，值得信赖！ 以学员的前途为已任，为学员提
供高效、专业的服务，团队合作,为学员服务，为学员引路。
