正确答案： sank
正确答案： sailors
正确答案： unable to offer
正确答案： American military power
正确答案： approved his request
Part II Reading Comprehension ( 25 minutes )
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with several blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
As Hitler’s armies drew closer and closer to Moscow, an early, severe winter 21 the Soviet Union, the harshest in years. Temperatures dropped to minus 48 degrees Celsius. Heavy snows fell. The German soldiers, completely 22 for the Russian winter, froze in their light summer 23 . The German tanks lay 24 in the heavy snowbanks. The Russian winter brought the German offensive 25 .
By the summer of 1942, Hitler had launched two new 26 . In the south, the Germans captured Sevastopol. Hitler then pushed east to Stalingrad, a great industrial city that stretched for 48 kilometers along the Volga River. Despite great suffering, Soviet defenders refused to 27 Stalingrad.
In November 1942, the Russians launched a 28 . With little or no shelter from the winter cold in and around Stalingrad, German troops were further weakened by a lack of food and supplies. Not until January 1943 did the Germans give up their siege. Of the three hundred thousand Germans attacking Stalingrad, only ninety thousand 29 soldiers were left. The loss of the battle for Stalingrad finally 30 against Hitler. The German victories were over, thanks in part to the Russian winter.
A) uniforms B) settled over C) to a halt D) counterattack E) unprepared F) siege G) buried H) give up
I) offensives J) dropped K) captured L) thanks
M) turned the tide N) shelter O) starving
21. ______________________
正确答案： B
22. ______________________
正确答案： E
23. ______________________
正确答案： A
24. ______________________
正确答案： G
25. ______________________
正确答案： C
26. ______________________
正确答案： I
27. ______________________
正确答案： H
28. ______________________
正确答案： D
29. ______________________
正确答案： O
30. ______________________
正确答案： M
Section B
Directions: There are several passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.
Passage One
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
We are all inclined to believe that our generation is more civilized than the generation that preceded ours. From time to time, there is even some substantial evidence that we hold in higher regard such civilized attributes as compassion, pity, remorse (懊悔), intelligence and a respect for the customs of people different from ourselves. Why war then?
Some pessimistic historians think the whole society of man runs in cycles and that one of the phases is war. The optimists, on the other hand, think war is not like an eclipse (日食) or a flood or a spell of bad weather. They believe that it is more like a disease for which a cure could be found if the causes were known.
Because war is the ultimate drama of life and death stories and pictures of it are more interesting than those about peace. This is so true that all of us, and perhaps those of us in television more than most, are often caught up in the action of war to the exclusion of the ideas of it.
If it is true, as we would like to think it is, that our age is more civilized than ages past, we must all agree that it’s very strange that in the twentieth century, our century, we have killed more than 70 million of our fellowmen on purpose, at war. It is very strange that since 1900 more men have killed more other men than in any other seventy years in history.
Probably the reason we are able to do both, that is, believe on the one hand that we are more civilized and on the other hand wage war to kill ― is that killing is not so personal an affair as it once was. The enemy is invisible. One man doesn’t look another in the eye and run him through with a sword. The enemy dead or alive is largely unseen. He is killed by remote control: a loud noise, a distant puff of smoke and then silence.
The pictures of the victim’s wife and children, which he carries in his breast pocket, are destroyed with him. He is not heard to cry out. The question of compassion or pity or remorse does not enter into it. The enemy is not a man; he is a statistic. It is true, too, that more people are being killed at war now than previously because we’re better at doing it than we used to be. One man with one modern weapon can kill thousands.
31.
In modern wars more people get killed because _____. A) people are more cruel
B) people don’t care others’ lives
C) people have more advanced weapons D) people are more civilized
正确答案： C 32.
In what way are we more civilized than the ancients? A) We can kill more people.
B) We respect those people different from us. C) We have more interesting stories of war.
D) We don’t think of killing as a personal affair anymore.
正确答案： B 33.
In modern war the enemy is treated as _____. A) an animal B) a victim C) a man
D) a statistic without life
正确答案： D 34.
How is the enemy killed in modern war?
A) By an opponent running him through with a sword. B) By a man who knows him well. C) By remote control. D) By a puff of smoke.
正确答案： C 35.
What is the attitude of the author toward war? A) Negative. B) Supportive. C) Neutral. D) Indifferent.
正确答案： A
Passage Two
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
