2 I would have corrected the work, if I had noticed the mistake. I would have corrected the work had I noticed the mistake.
3 If you had thought about this a little earlier, you wouldn’t be introuble now. Had you thought about this a little earlier, you wouldn’t be in troublenow. 4 If he had shared his ideas with us, we would have made some progress. Had he shared his ideas with us, we would have made some progress.
5 They would have improved the facilities, if they had received more moneyfrom the government.
They would have improved the facilities had they received more money fromthe government.
7 Complete the sentences about yourself usingthe inversion structure Had I + verb. 1 I would have enjoyed myself more had I had ahigher university entrance exam score for computer science.
2 Had I known about this football match, I would havemade different arrangements for the weekend.
3 I wouldn’t have worked so hard had I known the exam was so easy. 4 Had I received this college’s information earlier, I would havegone to a different college.
8 Translate the sentences into Chinese.
1 When was the last organizational vision statement you saw that includedthe words “? to develop
ourselves into a model environment in which everyone at every level canthink for themselves”?
“??在我们周围逐渐创建出一个模型环境，使各个层次的人都有独立思考的空间。”你最后一次看到包含上述字眼的机构愿景陈述是在什么时候？
2 Had she affirmed our intelligence first and spoken about the joy of thinkingfor ourselves, had she not fanned our fear of her, we would all have learnedeven more powerfully what it meant to do our own thinking. And we might havebeen able to think well around her too.
要是她一开始就肯定我们的聪明才智，给我们讲讲独立思考的乐趣，要是她没有激起我们对她的畏惧，我们大家就能更深切地体会到独立思考的意义。而且，我们在她面前也会更好地开动脑筋、思考问题。
3 Like everyone else, students have their fair share of problems. Gettingto know a new environment,
forming relationships with other students, and surviving on limitedfinancial resources are all typical problems.
和其他人一样，学生们也有他们自己必须面对的问题。典型的问题包括熟悉新环境、与其他同学相处，以及靠有限的经济来源维持生活。
4 Talk to some of your friends after a lecture or a tutorial and you willprobably find they remember
different things about it – which may be more or less relevant to theteacher’s aims.
下课后或个别指导后，如果你和朋友们聊一聊，你可能会发现他们所记住的东西不尽相同，但或多或少都与老师的教学目的相关。
5 Effective reading requires you to vary your rate and style of readingaccording both to the type of
reading material and your purpose in reading it.
有效的阅读需要你根据不同的阅读材料和阅读目的来调整阅读的速度和方式。 9 Translate thesentences into English.
1 老师很有可能不欣赏不会独立思考的学生。(not think muchof ?; think for oneself) It is most likely that teachers won’t think much of students who cannotthink for themselves.
2 他上中学的时候，几乎没有什么人去做科学实验，更谈不上接受这方面的训练了。(hardly; much less)
When he was in high school, hardly anyone did scientific experiments, muchless had training in this respect.
3 嫉妒是由懒惰和无知造成的。(the result of?) Envy is the result of laziness and ignorance. 4 有些大学生是根据自己的专业来选择志愿服务的，而不是碰到什么就做什么。(volunteer job;rather than)
Rather than picking any volunteer job, some college students chooseactivities based on their majors.
5 最好的办法就是把学生分成若干小组，让他们针对具体的问题进行讨论。(break up ? into?; focus on)
The best approach is to break the students up into several groups so that theycan focus their discussion on specific problems.
Unit 4
Active reading 1
Dealing with unfamiliar words
4 Answer the questions about the words fortelephoning. 1 What do subscribers pay for?
Subscribers pay for line rental so that they will be able to make phonecalls. In other contexts, they may pay for newspapers, magazines or being amember of a club or professional association.
2 What part of the phone is the handset?
The handset is the part that you hold in your hand.
3 What can you do if you’re in range of a mobile signal?
If you’re in range of a mobile signal, you can make and receive calls. 4 What kind of phone is a house phone?
A house phone is a landline phone (a fixed phone for the whole house). 5 If you can use a mobile anywhere, where can you use a landline?
You can use a landline only where there is a wire connection (thetelephone signals are carried by a line).
6 What has happened if you receive voicemail?
If you receive voicemail, it means that someone has left a spoken messagewhich has been recorded on your phone so that you can listen to it later.
5 Replace the underlined words with thecorrect form of the words and expressions in the box. You may need to makeother changes.
1 The businessman uses his mobile in his free time, while he mostly useshis landline at work. (whereas)
2 The businessman and the working mother don’t consider their mobilephones to be a basic and
important part of their lives. (essential)
The businessman and the working mother don’t consider their mobile phonesto be an essential.
3 When she didn’t have her mobile, she became confident and not afraid ofpeople. (bold)
4 Nothing usually gets in the way of my social life, but on this occasion,not having a mobile phone meant I spent three days alone. (interfereswith)
5 The passage describes the strong effect of mobile phones on their lives.(impact) 6 Soon the mobile signal will be increased to cover the whole of London. (extended) 6 Complete the paragraph with the correctform of the words in the box. Information technology in general and mobile phones in particular havebeen important in bringing
about an (1) utter change to our lifestyles. But the problem with mobile phones is that theycan (2) distract you from doing your job. The businessman gives his mobile phone number to(3) practically everyone he knows. Without his mobile, he isn’t necessarily able to do thingsimpulsively. He (4) speculates that he could give up his mobile, but life would be rather (5) tedious and dull withoutit. The schoolgirl has to make social arrangements on thelandline at home in order to avoid having a (6) solitary life for a few days. At firstthe working mother thinks it’s (7) risky not to have amobile phone, as her family might be in danger. Herfirst (8) impulse is to worry that they couldn’t contact her, although they think she’smaking a (9) fuss about not having a mobile. Finally she feels it is like (10) therapy when no one interruptsher.
Active reading 2
Dealing with unfamiliar words
4 Match the words in the box with theirdefinitions.
1 the distance from one side of an object to the other (breadth) 2 a hit or knock to a part of your body (bump)
3 slightly nervous, worried, or upset about something (uneasy) 4 strange and unusual, sometimes in a way that upsets you (weird) 5 thinking seriously about something (thoughtful)
6 a feeling that you do not understand something or cannot decide what todo (confusion)
7 the attitude of someone who is willing to accept someone else’s beliefs,way of life etc without
criticizing them even if they disagree with them (tolerance) 8 the ability to notice things (awareness)
9 to include something as a necessary part of an activity, event or situation(involve)
5 Replace the underlined words with thecorrect form of the words in the box. When you meet people from other cultures, there will be many (1) timeswhen someone behaves in a way which you (2) notice as being unusual, but whichis (3) acceptable in their culture. If it (4) attracts
your (5) attention, it’s all right to (6) ask about cultural differences,because people are (7) usually happy to (8) reply. But don’t worry if you areunsure about what to do or what to say. Just remember that finding out aboutcultural differences should give you pleasure and not (9) unhappiness anddiscomfort. Key: (1) occasions (2) perceive (3) conventional (4) arouses
(5) curiosity (6) inquire (7) generally (8) respond (9) misery
Language in use it + passive voice
1 Rewrite the sentences using it + passivevoice.
1 Russell Crowe couldn’t get a call out to Australia. Someone said this. It was said that Russell Crowe couldn’t get a call out to Australia.
2 Mobile phones have been the biggest factor of change in everyday behaviourin Britain over the past 15 years. Someone has claimed this.
It has been claimed that mobile phones have been the biggest factor of changein everyday behaviour in Britain over the past 15 years. 3 When told “Have a nice day!”, an Englishman replied “I’m sorry, I’vemade other arrangements.”
Someone reported this.
It was reported that when told “Have a nice day!”, an Englishman replied“I’m sorry, I’ve made other arrangements.” 4 You don’t need to say “Thank you” in Spanish as much as you do inEnglish. Someone has suggested this.
It has been suggested that you don’t need to say “Thank you” in Spanish asmuch as you do in English.
5 Disneyland is a typically American place. Someone thinks this. It is thought that Disneyland is a typically American place.
6 Good communication is as stimulating as black coffee. Someone hasbelieved this. It has been believed that good communication is as stimulating as blackcoffee. over
2 Complete the sentences about yourself usingover .
1 I’ve owned a mobile phone over the last three years or so. 2 Over the winter I’ve called my parents every week.
3 Over the summer my best friends and I wenttravelling to South China.
