B. A problem is pointed out and solutions are given. C. Two contrasting views of a problem are presented.
D. Recent pharmacological advancements are outlined in order of importance. Passage 4
(非英语类学生必做，英语类学生不做，16—20小题。)
The average person swallows about half-a-ton of food a year—not counting drink—and though the body is remarkably efficient at extracting (摄取) just what it needs form this huge mixture, it can only cope up to a point. If you go on eating too much of some things and not enough of others, you’ll eventually get out of condition and your health will suffer. So think before you start eating. It may look good. It may taste good. Fine! But how much good is it really doing you?
What you eat and the way it affects your body depend very much on the kinds of person you are. For one thing, the genes you inherit form your parents can determine how your body metabolism (新陈代谢) copes with particular foods. The tendency to put on weight rather easily, for example, often runs in families—which means that they have to take particular care.
And your parents many shape your future in another way. The way you are brought up shapes some basic attitudes to food—like whether you have a sweet tooth, nibble （吃零食）between meals, take big mountains or eat chips with everything. Eating habits, good or bad, tend to get passed on.
And then there is your lifestyle. How much you spend on food ( time as well as money ), how much exercise you get—these can alter the balance between food and fitness.
And finally, both your age and your sex may affect this balance. For example, you’re more likely to put on weight as get older, especially if you’re a woman. 16. Before eating something, we are advised to consider . A. how good it will taste C. why we want to eat it
B. whether we really need it D. if we have eaten too much of it
17 We can infer from the passage that . A. in order to keep fit, we should spend as little time and money as possible on food B. nibbling between meals is a bad habit that will throw our body out C. if other members of our family get fat quite easily, we probably will too
D. we can eat as much as we want and leave it to our body to select what it needs 18. If we love sweet things, it’s probably due to . A. our body’s needs
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B. our parent’s influence
C. our basic instinct D. the taste of the food
19. According to the passage, which person is most likely to put on weight? A. A successful young businessman. B. A child who is picky about food. C. A man with a good appetite. D. A woman who has just retired.
20. What conclusion can we draw from this passage? A. People need a standard to guide their eating. B. Proper eating is the key to one’s health.
C. Women should pay more attention to what they eat. D. The balance between food and fitness is hard to maintain. Passage 4
(英语类学生必做，非英语类学生不做，16—20小题。)
Mrs. P sneezes violently. Mrs. Q says, “Bless you!” Mrs. P says, “Thank you.” Again, this hardly seems to be a case of language being used to communicate ideas, but rather to maintain a comfortable relationship between people. Its function is to provide a means of avoiding a situation which both parties might otherwise find embarrassing. No factual content is involved. Similarly, the use of such phrases as “Good morning” or “Pleased to meet you”, and ritual exchanges about health or the weather, do not communicate ideas in the usual sense. Sentences of this kind are usually automatically produced, and stereotyped in structure. They often state the obvious (e. g. Lovely day) or have no content at all (e. g. Hello).
They certainly require a special kind of explanation, and this is found in the idea that language is here being used for the purpose of maintaining good relationship between people. The anthropologist (人类学家) Bronislaw Malinowski created the phrase “phatic communication” to signal friendship—or, at least, lack of hatred. For someone to withhold these when they are expected, by staying silent, is a sure sign of distance, alienation (疏远) , or even danger.
These illustrations apply to English and to many European languages. But cultures vary greatly in the topics which they permit as phatic communication. The weather is not as universal a conversation-filler as the English might like to think. For example, Rundi women (in Burendi, Central Africa), upon taking leave, are quite often heard to say, routinely and politely, “I must go home now, or my husband will beat me.” Moreover, phatic communication itself is far from universal. Some culture say
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little, and prefect silence, as in the case of the Paliyans of southern India, or the American of Colombia. 16. What is the subject of the passage? A. Language used to communication ideas. B. Difference between English of language use. C. A special social function of language use. D. Relationship between language and culture. 17. In Paragraph 1, the author implies that . A. people usually think language is only used to communicate ideas B. the exchange about health or the weather is a universal topic C. people will always say something when facing embarrassment D. the example of Mrs. P and Mrs. O is common in all cultures
18. The phrase “stereotyped in structure” in Paragraph 2 probably means . A. sentence of this kind have a variety of meanings B. this kind of sentence has no content at all
C. the structure of these three sentences is always changing D. sentence of this kind usually have a fixed structure
19. The phrase “phatic communication” in Paragraph 3 can be explained as . A. exchange of ideas B. explanation of facts
C. exchanges about heath or the weather D. exchange for maintaining social relationship
20. In the last paragraph, the author concludes that . A. the weather is a universal topic for human communication B. phatic communication differs form culture to culture
C. the English and people in may Europeans countries have common language for phatic communication
D. every culture has its own way to communicate ideas Part II Vocabulary and Structure （共40分）
21. His salary as a bus driver is much higher than . A. that of a teacher C. these of a teacher
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B. those of a teacher D. this of a teacher
22. While Tim was walking in the street, he came an old classmate of his. A. into
B. across
C. onto
D. up with
23. Hardly making the speech when the people stood up applauding. A. has the speaker finished C. had the speaker finished
B. the speaker had finished D. had finished the speaker
24. Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, whereas the behavior of an animal depends mainly on . A. consciousness C. impulse
B. instinct D. reaction
25. If you in taking this annoying attitude, we’ll have to ask you to leave. A. persist
B. insist
C. resist
D. assist
26. There are not many teachers who are strong of traditional methods in English teaching. A. sponsors
B. advocates
C. contributors
D. performers
27. Please see to it no one comes in without identification. A. that
B. lest
C. when
D. which
28. We had enough Russian to be table to read the instructions. A. set up
B. picked up
C. taken up
D. made up
29. Only those who are of their lagging behind are more likely to catch up. A. awake
B. visual
C. aware
D. illusive
30. It is suggested that smoking in public places. A. will not be allowed C. not be allowed
B. was not allowed D. is not allowed
31. In to the Party’s call, a great number of doctors and nurses went to the frontline to fight the flood. A. return
B. admission
C. order
D. response
32. You could not persuade him to accept it, make him see the importance of it. A. no more than you could B. if only you could not C. nor could you
D. or you could not
33. The 20-year-old tennis play’s dream is to China at 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. A. support
B. present
C. represent
D. compete
34. Britain is proud of her great poets, just s Italy is proud of her painters, and Germany of her
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