现在完成时
过去完成时 将来完成时 过去将来时 情态动词
have / has been done had been done
shall/will have been done should / would be done 情态动词+ be done
2015 考研英语语法基础班讲义（何威威老师主讲） ◆有些动词，如 let, make, hear, see, watch, notice, have（让，使）, feel 等，在主动语态中，其后面的不定式作宾语补足 语时 to 被省略，但在被动语态中需将 to 表达出来。 例 1：I saw him turn round the corner.
? He was seen to turn round the corner. 例 2：The teacher made the students copy the sentences many times .
?The students were made to copy the sentences many times
________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________
五、主从复合句
（一）名词性从句 1．主语从句
【位置】_______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【连词】1)_____________________________________________________________________________________________
2) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3) ____________________________________________________________________________________________
例：What she said is right.
How the prisoner escaped is a mystery.
It is certain that we will win the match.或 That we will win the match is certain. Whether he is coming or not doesn’t matter.
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【真题链接】
2015 考研英语语法基础班讲义（何威威老师主讲） 1. What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing.(2006 Text 3) 2. Whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems form the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.(2005 Text 1) 3. It turns out that the peculiar way of conducting the experiments may have led to misleading interpretations of what
happened.(2010 Use of English)
2．宾语从句
【位置】_______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【连词】1) ____________________________________________________________________________________________
2) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3) ____________________________________________________________________________________________
例：They told us again that the situation was serious.
I don't know if /whether you could help me tomorrow. I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. We are not sure whether we can persuade him out of smoking. We all thought it a pity that you had failed the exam. Can you tell me what you want？ 【真题链接】
1. To filter out what is unique from what is shared might enable us to understand how complex cultural behavior arose and what guides it in evolutionary or cognitive terms.(2012 翻译)
2. This may also explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells— we simply do not need to be.(2005 Use of English) 3. Do we really want railroads to be the arbiters of who wins and who loses in the marketplace?(2003 Text3)
4. Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.(2008 翻译) 5. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be accepted as impartial judgments.（2012 Use of English）
3．表语从句
【位置】_______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【连词】1) _____________________________________________________________________________________________
2) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3) ____________________________________________________________________________________________
例：My idea is that we should go home early.
The problem is whether they are willing to help us.
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That's why we had to put off the meeting. 【真题链接】
pressure.(2012 Text1)
2015 考研英语语法基础班讲义（何威威老师主讲） 1. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer
2. Most of all, these new adults must feel that they are respected and supported by a family that appreciates them. (2007 Part B)
【注意】_______________________________________________________________________________________________ 例：It looks / seems as if you have got no experience .
That he didn't turn up was because he had to accompany his mother. 【真题链接】
1. But it's not as if earlier times didn't know perpetual war, disaster and the massacre of innocents. 2. For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors, which America had invented and which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty. (2000 Text 1) 3. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate particular smell receptors in the nose. (2005 Use of English)
4．同位语从句
【位置】________________________________________________________________ 【连词】1) ______________________________________________________________
2) ______________________________________________________________ 3) ______________________________________________________________
例：There can be no doubt that my brother is qualified for the job. She asked the reason why there was a delay. The problem whether she will accept his invitation worries him . They have no idea at all where he has gone. I have no idea what has happen to him. 【真题链接】 1. Contrary to the descriptions on record, no systematic evidence was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting. (2010 Use of English)
2. Anyone who has toiled through SAT will testify that test-taking skill also matters, whether it’s knowing when to guess or what questions to skip.(2007 Text 2) 3. One reason why it is hard to design and teach such courses is that they cut across the insistence by top American universities that liberal-arts education and professional education should be kept separate, taught in different schools.(2011 Part B) 4.Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we all share——that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts——and reveal its erroneous nature.(2011 翻译)
（二）定语从句 ：限定、非限定性定语从句
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1 限定性定语从句：是句子不可缺少的一部分，没有它，句子不能成立，或意思不清楚，不说明问题。
【位置】先行词后
【连词】who、whom、whose、that、which、when、where
2015 考研英语语法基础班讲义（何威威老师主讲） 【注意】定语从句的连词有承上启下的作用。承上：连接并限定先行词。启下：连词在从句中充当一定的语法成分
通常做主语、宾语、定语、时间状语、地点状语。
◆【注意】 1 凡是在从句中作宾语的连词都可以省略；
2 先行词受到 only、序数词、形容词最高级修饰时，且在从句中做主语或宾语，连词只用 that。
3 当先行词是 everything、all、anything 等不定代词时，连词用 that。
例 I’ll never forget the days___________ I spent in England.
Do you know the day___________ your mother was born? That is the house_______ I lived 10 years ago. That is the house_______ I lived in 10 years ago.. That is the house in _______ I lived 10years ago. The girl__________ I spoke to just now is my sister. The girl to _________ I spoke just now is my sister. This is the book________ you are looking for. The boy________ my mother takes care of is ill. I can’t remember the age at _______ he won the prize. The girls_________ names were called stood up. You're the only one________ advice he might listen to. Is there anything ________ I can do for you?
All________ you have to do is to close the door and wait for him. This is one of the easiest questions ________ do not need answering. He came last night _______I was going to bed. I know of a place _______we can have lunch.
The only games _________I play are football and tennis. He is the only person ________ knows the answer.
【真题链接】
1. At the very least, the court should make itself subject to the code of conduct that applies to the rest of the federal judiciary. (2012 Use of English)
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