BOOK 4 Unit 1 Women of achievement (1)
语言点讲解
1. achievement
n.［C］成就；功绩;\\[U\\]实现；完成；达到 联想拓展
achieve v.取得，实现
achieve an aim/a goal达到目标 achieve success 获得成功
He received the Nobel Prize for his scientific achievements. 他因科学上取得的成就而获得诺贝尔奖。 2. behave
vi.举止，行为，表现；（机器等）工作，运转（常与well/badly等副词连用） vt.守规矩；举止有礼 常用结构：
behave oneself 使某人自己举止规矩 Behave yourself; don’t make a fool of yourself. 注意你的举止, 别闹出笑话来。 联想拓展
behaviour n. (人的)言行举止，行为；（动物）习性，自学 成才 behaviour towards/to... 对??的态度/行为 3. worthwhile
adj.值得做的；值得的，可用作表语或定语，其后可加to do/doing。 易混辨析
worth/worthy/worthwhile
worth 只能作表语，其后接钱数、名词或及物动词的动名词的主动形式: be worth doing。
worthy可作表语，后接of+名词/动名词的被动形式/不定式的被动形式: be worthy of+n./being done / to be done； 也可作定语，表示“值得??的；有价值的”。
worthwhile可作表语或定语;a worthwhile job 一份值得做的工作。常用结构：it is worthwhile to do/doing做某事是值得的。 a worthy winner 名副其实的赢家
Buying the car at this price is not worthwhile. 以这样的价格买车不值得。
Is it worthwhile making/ to make such an effort? 做这样的努力值得吗？ 4. respect
vt.尊敬；尊重 n.敬意;问候 常用结构：
pay/give one’s respect to sb. 向某人致敬/问候 have/show respect for sb. 尊敬某人
respecting = with respect to关于；就??而言
in all respects = in every respect 无论从哪方面来看；
在各方面
We all should respect our parents and teachers. 我们都应该尊敬我们的父母和老师。
Mr Smith always show respect to his children’s opinions. 史密斯先生总是很尊重孩子们的意见。
In respect to the content, the article is very good,but it is not satisfactory in other aspects. 就内容而言，这篇文章很好，但在其他方面还不能令人满意。 联想拓展
respectable adj. 值得尊敬的;正派的;高尚的 respectful adj. 有礼貌的；恭敬的 respective adj. 各自的；分别的 respectively adv. 各自地；分别地
Oneˉway fares for adults and children were ＄18 and ＄5 respectively. 成人和儿童的单程车费分别为18美元和5美元。 5. argue
v.争论，辩论;说服；主张;认为 常用结构：
argue with sb. about/over sth. 就某事和某人争辩 argue sb. into/out of doing=persuade sb. to/not to do
=persuade sb. into/out of doing 说服某人做/不做某事
argue for/against 支持/反对 联想拓展
argument n. 论点；争论;论据 settle an argument 解决争端 beyond argument 无可争辩 We argued that we should be paid more. 我们据理力争自己应该得到更高的薪水。
They are arguing with the officials over foreign policies. 他们正就外交政策与官员们进行辩论。 They argued the park into lowering the price. 他们说服公园降了价。 6. inspire
vt.鼓舞；激励；引发；赋予??灵感；激发
His speech inspired us. 他的发言鼓舞了我们。 The beautiful scenery inspired the composer. 美丽的景色使作曲家文思泉涌。 常用结构：
inspire sb. to sth. 鼓励某人某事 inspire sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事 (=encourage sb. to do sth.) inspire sth. in sb.
(=inspire sb. with sth.) 使某人产生??；鼓励某人?? The father inspired his son with confidence. =The father inspired confidence in his son.
这位父亲鼓励儿子要自信。 联想拓展
inspiration n. 灵感；启发；鼓舞人的事或人
inspired adj. 受到鼓舞的；有灵感的 inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的;激励的 7. intend
vt.&vi. 计划，打算 常用结构：
be intended for 专供??使用；专为??而设计 intend to do/doing 打算??
intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
This kind of bicycle is intended for people who are too short. 这种自行车是专为身材矮小的人设计的。 Today, I intend to finish reading this novel. 今天我打算读完这本小说。
I intend you to take over my career. 我打算让你接管我的事业。 8. deliver
vt.接生(小孩)；递送；发表(演说等) 常见结构:
deliver a baby 接生小孩；生小孩 deliver sth. to...把某物送到?? The baby was delivered in a clinic. 孩子是在一个医疗站接生的。
Comrade Yang delivered the opening speech. 杨同志致了开幕词。 联想拓展
delivery n. 送货；交付 express delivery 快递
on delivery 送达时；货到时 9. observe
vt. 观察；观测；遵守
She spent many year observing and recording their daily activities. 她花了许多年时间来观察和记录他们的日常活动。 常用结构：
observe+名词/代词
宾语+宾语补足语（不带to的不定式/动词ing形式） that
从句/what
从句
I observed them enter/entering the shop. 我看到他们进了/正走进商店。
The boy observed what was going on between Tom and his little sister. 男孩观察汤姆和他妹妹之间会发生什么事。 We should strictly observe the discipline.
我们要严格遵守纪律。 联想拓展
observer n. 观察者 obstrvation n. 观察 10. look down upon/on 蔑视；瞧不起
She looks down on people who’ve never been to university. 她瞧不起没上过大学的人。
You can’t look down upon a person because he is poor. 你不能因为某个人贫穷就瞧不起他。
I hope you don’t look down upon/on this kind of work. 我希望你不要看不起这种工作。 联想拓展
look on sb./ sth. as 把某人/某物看作?? =consider sb./ sth. as
look on 袖手旁观；观望
look into sth. 调查；观察某事物
look up 查阅(单词、资料)；向上看；好转 look (sb.) up and down 上下打量(某人) look out for sb./sth. 警惕或留心某人/某物 look back to 回顾；回忆 look about/around 环顾四周 look after 照料 ；照看 look forward to 盼望；期待 look for 寻找 look like 看起来像 look over 检查；检阅 look through 浏览；检查 look up to 尊敬 11. refer to
谈到；查阅；参考；查询；提及；指??而言 联想拓展
refer to sb./sth. as 把某人/物称作 refer sth. to 把某事提交
refer sb. to 让某人向??求助 易混辨析
refer to/consult/look up
refer to和consult都可作“查阅（词典、参考书等）”讲，表此意时两词可以互换。 look up 意为“（在词典、时刻表等中）查找??”。 We agreed never to refer to the matter again. 我们同意不再谈论这件事了。
She thought I was referring to her daughter when we were talking. 当我们谈话时她以为我指的是她的女儿。 联想拓展
