But these benefits do not come easily. Marking a telecommuting program work requires careful planning and an understanding of the differences between telecommuting realities and popular images. Many workers are seduced by rosy illusions of life as a telecommuter. A computer programmer from New York City moves to the quiet Adirondack Mountains and stays in contact with her office via computer. A manager comes in to his office three days a week and works at home the other two. An accountant stays home to care for her sick child; she child; she hooks up her telephone modern connections and does office work between calls to the doctor.
These are powerful images, but they are a limited reflection of reality. (79) Telecommuting workers soon learn that it is almost impossible to concentrate on work and care for a young child at the same time. Before a certain age, young children cannot recognize, much less respect, the necessary boundaries between work and family. Additional child support is necessary if the parent is to get any work done.
Management, too, must separate the myth from the reaity. Although the media has paid a great deal of attention to telecommuting, in most cases it is the employee’s situation, not the availability of technology, that precipitates (加速……来临) a telecommuting arrangement.
That is partly why, despite the widespread press coverage, the number of companies with work-at-home programs or policy guidelines remains small.
6. What is the main subject of the passage? A. Bussiness management policies. B. Driving to work.
C. Extending the work place by means of computers. D. Computers for child-care purposes.
7. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a problem for employers that is potentially solved by telecommuting? A. Employees’ lateness for work. B. Employees’ absence from work.
C. Employees’ need for time alone to work intensively. D. Employees’ conflicts with second jobs.
8. In which area does the local government encourage telecommuting programs according to the passage? A. New York City
B. Adirondack Mountains C. Washington D. New York State
9. Which of the following does the author mention as a possible disadvantage of telecommuting?
A. Small children cannot understand the boundaries of work and play.
B. Computer technology is never advanced enough to accommodate the needs of every situation.
C. Electrical malfunctions can destroy a project.
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D. The worker often does not have all the needed resources at home.
10. Which of the following is example of telecommuting as described in the passage? A. A scientist in a laboratory developing plans for a space station.
B. A technical writer sending via computer documents created at home. C. A computer technician repairing an office computer network.
D. A teacher directing computer-assisted learning in a private school.
Passage 3
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:
To us it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains. But actually the umbrella was not invented as protection against rain. It was first used as a shade against the sun.
Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbrella was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were the Chinese, way back in the eleventh century B.C...
We know that the umbrella was also used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing connected with its use; it became a symbol of honor and authority. In the Far East In ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royal people or by those in high office.
In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. And the umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece. But it is believed that the first persons in Europe to use the umbrellas as protection against the rain were the ancient Romans.
During the Middle Ages, the use of the umbrella practically disappeared. Then it appeared again in Italy in 16th century. And again it became a symbol of power and authority.
Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time, though they have become much lighter in weight. (80)It wasn’t until the twentieth century that women’s umbrellas began to be made in a variety of colors.
11. The first use of umbrella was as_____.
A. protection against rain B. a shade against the sun C. a symbol of power D. a symbol of honor
12._____were regarded as the people who first used umbrellas. A. Romans B. Greeks C. Chinese D. Europeans
13. The umbrella was used only by royal people or those in high office______. A. in European in the eighteenth century B. in ancient Egypt and Babylon C. in the Far East in ancient times D. during the Milddle Ages
14. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A. Women enjoy using umbrella with varies kinds of colors B. The inventor of the umbrella is unknown
C. Once ordinary people had no right to use umbrellas
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D. Umbrellas were popular and cheap in the ancient times 15. Which of the following may be the best title for the passage? A. When Was the Umbrella Invented B. The Role of Umbrella in History C. The Colors and Shapes of Umbrella D. Who Needed Umbrella First
Part Ⅱ Vocabulary and Structure (30%)
Directions: In this part, there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D . Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
16. They have bought the cottage ______ reselling it at a profit.
A. on account of B. with a view to C. in regard to D. as a result of 17. _____, you must show your ticket to go into the cinema. A. No matter whoever you are B. Whoever you are
C. Whomever you are D. No matter who are you 18. The banker will explain the terms of the loan to you _____ detail. A. on B. in C. with D. out of
19. If you don’t put the cheese in the refrigerator, it may ______. A. go of B. go out C. go over D. go wrong 20. Without a passport, leaving the country is ______.
A. in question B. without question C. out of the question D. out of question 21. Different cultures have different communication 。
A. styles B. signals C. designs D. symbols 22. Japan is still on Middle Eastern oil. A. reliable B. imposing C. dependent D. independent
23. He said current interest rates area direct of domestic (国内的) and interna tional conditions.
A. affect B. effect C. income D. outcome 24. Talking to foreigners is fun if you the right time and place.
A. locate B. consider C. choose D. decide 25. You me, because I didn't say that. A. must have misunderstood B. must misunderstand C. must be misunderstood D. had to misunderstand 26. It was not until an hour later that we heard _____ what had happened. A. through B. by C. about D. from
27. ______ fun and good exercise, swimming is a very usefull skill. A. Beside B. Besides C. Except D. Except for 28. “Shall we walk through the park?”
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“No, it’s too late _____ there.”
A. that we walk B. for us walking C. us to walk D. for us to walk 29. I couldn’t understand why he pretended _____ in the bookstroe.
A. to see me not B. not to see me C. not see me D. to see not me 30. The new factory is _____ several hundred cars a week.
A. turning in B. turning off C. turning out D. turning on 31. _____ I’ve saved the money, I’ll buy the picture.
A. As good as B. As well as C. As soon as D. As far as 32. It is highly desirable that a new president _____ for this college.
A. is appointed B. will be appointed C. be appointed D. has been appointed 33. I would have written before, but I _____ ill.
A. were B. had been C. would be D. was
34. Although London is a large city , it is not _____ crime-ridden as New York City. A. as B. for C. such D. same
35. If it _____ rain tomorrow , we’ll have the party outside. A. wouldn’t B. didn’t C. doesn’t D. won’t 36. He might have been killed the arrival of the police.
A. even if B. if only C. but for D. as if
37. The story you have just told me of an experience I once had. A. informs B. convinces C. reminds D. warns
38. There were no tickets for Sunday's performance. A. possible B. probable C. available D. feasible
39. We haven't seen her sister her.
A. neither... nor B. either... or C. neither... or D. either... nor
40. But from the start of their experiments, the Wright brothers found that they needed
money to pay_______ their research. A. back B. down C. for D. off
41. I feel like ______ to the owner of the house to complain. A. write B. to write C. writing D. written 42. The rain looked as though it had ______ for the night. A. set off B. set out C. set in D. set down
43. The theory is of great importance _____ the hotter a body is, the more energy it radiates. A. that B. when C. which D. what
44. The couple were _____ to each other by their interest in classical music. A. pulled B. drawn C. moved D. taken
45. If English study is to contribute to your future competence ______ , it should be learnt systematically.
A. more than showing up B. rather than showing up C. rather than to show up D. more than to show up
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