How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age. Babies need a lot of rest: most of them sleep about 18 hours a day! Adults need about eight hours. For most school-age children, ten hours is ideal(理想的). But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10- to 12-year-olds get only seven or eight hours. And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime? Watch TV.
“More children are going to bed with TVs on, and there are more opportunities(机会) to stay awake, with more homework, the Internet and the phone,” says Dr. Mary Carskadon, a sleep researcher at Brown University Medical School. She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep. Other experts say part of the problem is chemical. Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers’ bodies develop adult characteristics, but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.
Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers, some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. Three years ago, schools in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start time from 7:25 am to 8:30 am. Students, parents and teachers are pleased with the results. 25. What is the new National Sleep Foundation survey on?
A. American kids’ sleeping habits. B. Teenagers’ sleep-related diseases. C. Activities to prevent sleeplessness. D. Learning problems and lack of sleep. 26. How many hours of sleep do 11-year-olds need every day? A. 7 hours. B. 8 hours. C. 10 hours. D. 18 hours. 27. Why do teenagers go to sleep late according to Carskadon? A. They are affected by certain body chemicals. B. They tend to do things that excite them. C. They follow their parents’ examples. D. They don’t need to go to school early.
C
FLORENCE, Italy—Svetlana Cojochru feels hurt. The Moldovan has lived here seven years as a caregiver to Italian kids and the elderly, but in order to stay she’s had to prove her language skills by taking a test which requires her to write a postcard to an imaginary friend and answer a fictional job ad.
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Italy is the latest Western European country trying to control a growing immigrant(移民) population by demanding language skills in exchange for work permits, or in some cases, citizenship.
Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs, such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration(融合). Others say it’s only natural that newcomers learn the language of their host nation, seeing it as a condition to ensure they can contribute to society.
Other European countries laid down a similar requirement for immigrants, and some terms are even tougher. The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures.
Italy, which has a much weaker tradition of immigration, has witnessed a sharp increase in immigration in recent years. In 1990, immigrants numbered some 1.14 million out of Italy’s then 56.7 million people, or about 2 percent. At the start of this year, foreigners living in Italy amounted to 4.56 million of a total population of 60.6 million, or 7.5 percent, with immigrants’ children accounting for an even larger percentage of births in Italy.
Cojochru, the Moldovan caregiver, hoped obtaining permanent residence(居住权) would help her bring her two children to Italy; they live with her sister in Moldova, where salaries are among the lowest in Europe. She was skeptical that the language requirement would encourage integration.
Italians always “see me as a foreigner,” an outsider, even though she’s stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently, she said. 28. Why does Cojochru have to take a language test?
A. To continue to stay in Italy. B. To teach her children Italian. C. To find a better job in Italy. D. To better mix with the Italians. 29. Some people worry that the new language requirement may ________. A. reduce Italy’s population quickly B. cause conflicts among people C. lead to financial difficulties D. put pressure on schools 30. What do we know about Cojochru? A. She lives with her sister now in Italy. B. She enjoys learning the Italian language. C. She speaks Italian well enough for her job.
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D. She wishes to go back to her home country. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Do Man-on-the-Street Interviews
The man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the sport. _____31_____ But with these tips, your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy.
? When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story, think
about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask, “Why do you think environmental protection is important in America?” _____32_____ ? Hit the streets with confidence. _____33_____ Say, “Excuse me, I work for XYZ News, and I
was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic.” This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.
Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not intereste
Don’t get discouraged.
● 34
Each interview that you get on the street shouldn’t be longer than ten minutes.
As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers. If everyone is giving you the same answer, you won’t be able to use it. A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten. 35 ● If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear
on the air, don’t leave work without them.
A. Limit your time.
B. As you approach people, be polite. C. If you don’t own a camera, you can buy one.
D. For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task. E. To get good and useful results, ask them the same question. F. That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.
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G. With a question like this, you will get more than a “Yes” or “No” reply. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq. Her library used to be a 36 place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge. They 37 various matters all over the world. When the war was near, Alia was 38 that the fires of war would destroy the books, which are more 39 to her than mountain of gold. The books are in every language — new books, ancient books, 40 a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old.
She had asked the government for 41 to move the books to a 42 place, but they refused. So Alia took matters into her own hands. 43 , she brought books home every night, 44 her car late after work. Her friends came to 45 her when the war broke out. Anis who owned a restaurant 46 to hide some books. All through the 47 , Alia, Anis, his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library, 48 them over the seven-foot wall and 49 them in the restaurant. The books stayed hidden as the war 50 . Then nine days laters, a fire burned the 51 to the ground.
One day, the bombing stopped and the 52 left. But the war was not over yet. Alia knew that if the books were to be safe, they must be 53 again while the city was 54 . So she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs(郊区). Now Alia waited for the war to end and 55 peace and a new library. 36. A. meeting 37. A. raised 38. A. worried 39. A. practical 40. A. then
B. working B. handled B. angry B. precious B. still
C. personal C. reported C. doubtful C. reliable C. even
D. religious D. discussed D. curious D. expensive D. rather
41. A. permission 42. A. large
B. confirmation B. public
C. explanation
D. information D. safe
D. Secretly
C. distant
43. A. Fortunately 44. A. starting 45. A. stop
B. Surprisingly B. parking B. help
C. Seriously C. filling C. warn
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D. testing
D. rescue
