1．乙基异丙基甲醇 2－甲基－2－氯戊烷 解： CH3CH3CH2CHCHCH3OHHCl,ZnCl2CH3CH3CH2CH2CCH3Cl2．3－甲基－2－丁醇 叔戊醇 CH3H2SO4CH3CH3CH=CCH3H2O,H+CH3CH3CH2CCH3OH解： CH3CHCHCH3OH3．异戊醇 2-甲基－2－丁烯 H2O,H+CH3CHCH2CH2OH
CH3C=CHCH3CH3
CH3十三、用指定的原料合成下列化合物（其它试剂任选）。 解：
1.解： (CH3)3COH(CH3)3COH+PBr3O(CH3)3CCH2CH2OH(CH3)3CBrMg, (C2H5)2O(CH3)3CMgBr(CH3)3CCH2CH2MgBrH2O, H+(CH3)3CCH2CH2OH
2.OCH2CH2CH3OH(1)OCH2CH2CH3OH+CH3CH2CH2MgBrH2O, H+CH2CH2CH3CH2CH2CH3H2SO4-H2OB2H6H2O2, OH-OH
(2)OOHH2/NiH2SO4-H2OCF3CO3HCH2CH2CH3OCH3CH2CH2MgBrH2O, H+OH
3.OHOCH3CHOHCH2CH3C2H5OHOCH3(CH3)SO4,NaOHC2H5Cl,AlCl3OCH3解： OCH3CO,HClCHOC2H5MgBrC2H5H2O,H+OCH3C2H5CHOHCH2CH3C2H5 (2)
OHOCH3OCH3OCH3
C2H5ClBr2/FeBrMg, 醚C2H5OCH3OCH3C2H5MgBrCH3CH2CHOCH(OH)CH2CH3C2H5C2H5
CH34．五个碳以下的有机物 CCH3OH解： CH2=CHCH=CH2+CH2=CH2HBrBrMg,(CH)O252MgBr+CH3COCH3CH3H2O,H+CCH3OH
十四、某醇C5H12O氧化后生成酮，脱水则生成一种不饱和烃，将此烃氧化可生成酮和羧酸两种产物的混合物，推测该化合物的结构。
解：化合物的结构为： CH3CH3CHCHCH3OH
[O]CH3CH3CHCHCH3OHH2O
CH3CH3CHCCH3OCH3CH3C=CHCH3[O]CH3COCH3+CH3COOH
十五、从某醇依次和溴化氢，氢氧化钾醇溶液，硫酸和水，K2Cr2o7+H2SO4作用，可得到2－丁酮，试推测原化合物的可能结构，并写出各步反应式。 解：化合物结构式为：CH3CH2CH2CH2OH
CH3CH2CH2CH2OHKOH(C2H5OH)+HBrCH3CH2CH2CH2BrH2O,H2SO4CH3CH2CHCH3OHCH3CCH2CH3OCH3CH2CH=CH2
