六 状语从句
状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。
1． 时间状语从句（当主句用将来时，从句一般现在时代替将来时） 常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until
特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when
We will have dinner when your father returns. We won’t start until Bob comes. While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking. Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble. No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.
He had hardly fallen asleep when he felt a soft touch on his shoulder. 2． 地点状语从句 常用引导词：where：wherever, anywhere, everywhere
Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories. Wherever you go, you should work hard. 3． 原因状语从句 引导词：because, since, as, now that既然, in that,由于 considering that,考虑到 given that. 鉴于 My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful. Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference.
The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more. 4． 目的状语从句
常用引导词：so that, in order that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, lest（以免；免得），in case（以防）和 for fear that（生怕，唯恐）后三个引导的目的状语从句中，用“should+动词原形 其谓语部分should可以省略。例如： Keep quiet in case you（should）interrupt him when he is busy．要保持安静，以防打扰他。 She is now studying for fear that she（should）fail in English．她现在很勤奋，生怕英语不及格。 You must wake him early lest he（should）be late for school．你务必早点叫醒他，以免他上学迟到。 The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them. 5． 结果状语从句
常用引导词：so … that, such … that,
He got up so early that he caught the first bus. It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it.
6． 条件状语从句（主句用将来时，从句一般现在时代替将来时） 常用引导词：if, unless, as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that倘若, We’ll start our project if the president agrees.
You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.
Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here. 7． 让步状语从句 常用引导词：though, although, even if,even though，as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while ( 一般用在句首 )，no matter …， in spite of the fact that Much as I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.
The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough. No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind. He won’t listen whatever you may say.
8． 比较状语从句
常用引导词：as…as, than，the more … the more … ;A is to B what /as X is to Y; She is as bad-tempered as her mother. The house is three times as big as ours. The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.
Food to men is what oil is to machine. 食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。 9． 方式状语从句
常用引导词：as, as if, how：the way
When in Rome, do as the Roman do. She behaved as if she were the boss. Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us. ?状语从句的省略
状语从句同时具备下列两个条件:①主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it；②从句主要动词是be的某种形式。从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。
When ( the museum is ) completed , the museum will be open to the public next year . He’ll go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is ) possible.
