专题限时训练(二十四) [社会生活型阅读理解(二)]
(限时：25分钟)
(一)
IncreaseduseoftheInternetandmobilephonesisunderminingpupils'capacityforindependentstudyandpromotingpoorgrammar, itwasclaimed.
CranfieldSchoolofManagementfoundalmost6in10schoolchildrenwerecopyinginformationdirectlyfromwebsitesforhomeworktaskswithoutproperlyreadingit.
Morethanaquarterthoughtitwasanacceptablepractice, eventhoughtheyknewitwasconsideredplagiarism (剽窃)．
Thestudy, basedonasampleofaround260pupilsagedfrom11to18atasecondaryschoolintheMidlands, raisedfreshconcernsthatmoderntechnologywashavingadestructiveeffectonyoungpeople.
AndrewKakabadse, professorofInternationalManagementDevelopmentatCranfield, said, “Our research shows that technology obsession prevents spelling skills, encourages plagiarism, and disturbs classroom learning.”
“Despite school policies restricting mobile phone usage, students use the phone frequently, with the majority making calls from the toilets. The mobile phone continues to be a main channel of social communication during the school day.”
Thereportrevealedthattheso-called“text-speak”wasincreasinglyfindingitswayintopupils'schoolwork.
3in10studentsadmittousingtextmessageshortcuts, suchas“r u ok”inessaysandclassroomtasks. Itfollowedastudyearlierthisyearthatfoundalmosthalfofteachersfailedtounderstandsomepupils'writingbecauseitwassofullofconfusinglanguage.Phrasessuchas“innit”and“Gr8”wereregularlyfoundinschoolwork, itwasclaimed.
TheCranfieldstudyfoundthatmobileusewassocommonthatmanypupilschosetoignoreschoolrulesonphones.
Morethanathirdsaidtheywouldusetheirmobilephonesinclass,
whilenearlythreequarterssaidtheywouldnotevenmakeanexcusetoleaveclasstoansweraphonecall.
1．Theunderlinedword“undermining”inthefirstparagraphcanbestbereplacedby“________”． A．determining B．keeping C．weakening D．increasing
2．ItcanbeinferredfromwhatKakabadsesaidthat________． A．heisinfavourofstudents'mobilephoneusageatschool
B．hebelievesschoolsareresponsiblefortechnologyobsession C．theresearchfindsanewwaytoimproveschoolmanagement D．itishardtolimitstudents'mobilephoneusageatschool 3．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
A．Moststudents'writingskillsarebecomingworse.
B．Textmessagelanguagemayaffectpupils'languageskills.
C．Studentsliketoinventnewwordsintheirwriting.
D．30%ofpupilsoftensendtextmessageswhenstudying. 4．Thepassageismainlyabout________．
A．thenegativeeffectoftechnologyonstudents'study
B．technology'spositiveinfluenceonstudents'achievement C．theimportanceofonlinesocialcommunication
D．therapidlygrowingroleofcommunicationtechnologies
(二)
Ifyouwanttoknowhowcrazypeoplecanbeabouttheirpets,
youmightrememberthatHelmsleyleft$12milliontoherlittleMaltesedogwhenshedied.
Thedog'snameisTrouble.AndapparentlyTroubleisstillalive.Ofcourse, Iwouldhangon，too, ifsomeoneleftme$12million.Look! Top-shelfdogfood, softpillowseverywhere, driverswalkingmeinniceleafyparks.Iwouldlivetobe110indogyears.
Thedog'sstoryisstillfreshinmymindtheothernightwhenIleaveasteakhouseafterasuperbmeal.ThenInoticeawomancarryingasmallbagoutofthedoorbehindme.
Onceoutside,
shewalksovertowhereamanisholdingatinydogandit'sababy.ThedoglookslikeaMaltese, too, barkingandannoying, withacutehaircut.
AndnowIamtreatedtoanabsoluteastonishingsight.Becausenowthewomanreachesintothebagandbeginspullingoutlittlepiecesofmeat, whichsheputsonaplasticspoonandfeedstothedog.
Thisisnocheapsteakhouse.It's_actually_way_out_of_my_league—I'mthereonlybecauseit'saspecialoccasion.Icantellyouthis: ifIwalkedoutoftheplacewithanyleftoversteak, itsurewouldn'tgotoadog.Notatthoseprices.
Sonowthewomanisspoon-feedingthedogandthemanisjuststandingthere, holdingthisdogandlookingasifthisisthemostnormalthingintheworld.Andthedogiscalmlychewingthesepiecesofsteakasifhe'salittleking.Andthisdogisinnohurry.He'shavingagreattime.
Afewminutesgoby, andnowthedogfinishesallofhissteak.Atthispoint, Ihearthewomansaytotheman，“Thinkhe'sstillhungry？”Andsheglancesbehindherattherestaurant, asifshemightgobacktogetmoresteakforthedog.
Watchingallthis, I'mafraidI'mgoingtoshout, “Areyououtofyourmindfeedingallthatpriceysteaktothatlittledog?
DoyouseewhatourAmericanlifeisliketoday? We'reallgoingtobeeatingdogfoodifthiskeepsup！”
1．Whydoestheauthorsayhewouldlivetobe110indogyears? A．Becauseheisalwaysinpoorhealthandfallsill.
B．BecauseaMaltesedogliveslongerthanahumanbeing. C．Becausehisgrandparentslefthimalargesumofmoney. D．Becausehethinksthedogistreatedextremelywell. 2．Whatisthestorymainlyabout? A．AnAmericanfamily'shappylife.
B．AMaltesedoggetting$12millionfromitsowner. C．ANewYorkerspending$8billionforafewbanks. D．Apetdogbeingfedwithexpensivefood.
3．Theunderlinedpart“It's actually way out of my league”(inPara.6) means“________”． A．therestaurantistooexpensivefortheauthor
B．theauthorhatesthedogbeingtakenthere
C．thesuperbrestaurantisabouttobeoutofservice D．thedogdoesn'tbelongtotheauthor'sgroup
4．Seeingthedogisbeingtreatedtoexpensivesteak, theauthorbecomesextremely________． A．indifferentB．annoyed C．concernedD．envious
(三)
An“apple polisher”isonewhogivesgiftstowinfriendshiporspecialtreatment.Itisnotexactlyabribe(贿赂), butisclosetoit.
Allsortsofpeopleare“apple polishers”，includingpoliticiansandpeopleinhighoffices—justabouteverybody.OliverCromwell,
thegreatEnglishleader, offeredmanygiftstowinthesupportofGeorgeFoxandhisparty, butfailed.
Thereareotherphrasesmeaningthesamethingas“apple-polishing”—“soft-soaping”or“buttering-up”.Agiftisjustonewayto“soft-soap”somebody, orto“butter him up”.Anotherthatisjustaseffectiveisflattery, givingsomeone
highpraise—tellinghimhowgoodhelooks, orhowwellhespeaks, orhowtalentedandwiseheis.
Endlessarethewaysofflattery.Whodoesnotlovetohearit?Onlyanunusualmancanresistthethrillofbeingtoldhowwonderfulheis.Intruth, flatteryisgoodmedicineformostofus, whogetsolittleofit.
Weneedittobemoresureofourselves.Itcannothurtunlesswegetcarriedawaybyit.Butifwejustlapitupforitsgoodvalueandnourishment, asacatlapsupmilk, thenwecanstillremaintruetoourselves.
Sometimes, however, flatterywillgetyounothingfromonewhohashadtoomuchofit.Agoodexampleisthefamous12thcenturylegendofKingCanuteofDenmarkandEngland.Thekinggottiredoflisteningtoendlesssickeningflatteryofhiscourtiers(朝臣).Theyoverpraisedhimtotheskies, asamanoflimitlessmight.
Hedecidedtoteachthemalesson.Hetookthemtotheseashoreandsatdown.Thenheorderedthewavestostopcomingin.Thetidewastoobusytolistentohim.Thekingwassatisfied.Thismightshowhisfollowershowweakhispowerwasandhowemptytheirflatterywas.
1．Whichofthefollowingactivitieshasnothingtodowith“apple-polishing”？ A．Aboytellshisgirlfriendhowprettyshelooks.
B．Anemployeetellsherbosshowgoodheisatmanagement. C．Aknightissaidtobeoflimitlesspowerbyhisfollowers. D．Ateacherpraisesherstudentsfortheirtalentandwisdom. 2．WhatdoesthewriterwanttoprovewithCromwell'sexample? A．Everybodycanbeanapplepolisher. B．Cromwellwasnotagoodapplepolisher.
C．GeorgeFoxandhispartywerenotapplepolishers. D．Therearepeoplewhodon'tlikebeingapple-polished.
3．WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutflatteryisTRUEaccordingtotheauthor? A．Toomuchflatterycancarryusaway.
B．Flatteryistooemptytodopeopleanygood.
C．Flatterycangetyounothingbutexcessive(过度的) pride. D．Flatteryisoneofthewaystoapple-polishedpeople.
4．WhydidKingCanuteofDenmarkandEnglandtakehisfollowerstotheseashore? A．Becausehewassickofhisnormallife.
B．Becausehedislikedbeingoverpraisedanymore. C．Becausehewantedthemtorealizehowwisehewas. D．Becausehewantedthemtoseehowweakhewasasaking.
专题限时训练(二十四)
(一)
【要点综述】使用互联网和手机的学生越来越多了，可是，科技不仅给学生们带来了便捷，也给他们的学习带来了很多不利影响。
1．C词义猜测题。根据第二、三段可知，靠照搬网上资料完成家庭作业，实际上是一种抄袭，会影响学生的独立学习能力。undermine是“逐渐损害，削弱”的意思，故此处可以用weakening来代替。
2．D推理判断题。根据第六段第一句的“…withthemajoritymakingcallsfromthetoilets…”和第二句“Themobilephone…theschoolday.”可推断，限制学生在学校使用手机是很困难的。
3．B细节理解题。根据第七至九段可知，短信语言可能会给学生的语言技能带来不利影响。
4．A主旨大意题。文章的第一段就点明了中心“高科技的使用对孩子的学习有不好的影响”。故选A。
(二)
【要点综述】本文通过举例说明了在现在的美国社会里，很多宠物得到了超乎寻常的待遇。
1．D推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Ofcourse，Iwouldhangon，too，ifsomeoneleftme$12million.Look！Top-shelfdogfood，softpillowseverywhere，driverswalkingmeinniceleafyparks.”可知这只狗的待遇非常好，让作者很羡慕，所以他才这样说。故D项正确。
2．D主旨大意题。文章讲述的是一个富人给一只狗吃昂贵的牛排的故事。故D项正确。 3．A推理判断题。根据本段“Thisisnocheapsteakhouse.It'sactuallywayoutofmyleague—I'mthereonlybecauseit'saspecialoccasion.”可知这里的牛排很贵，超出了作者承受的范围。故A项正确。
4．B推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知作者很生气。故B项正确。
(三)
【要点综述】本文论述了现代社会存在的一个普遍现象，人们往往为了自己的一点儿利益去送礼或者说一些阿谀奉承的话，当然有时即使这样做了也未必就能实现自己的愿望。
1．D推理判断题。根据“An‘applepolisher’ isonewhogivesgiftstowinfriendshiporspecialtreatment.”可知，一个老师表扬学生并不是想得到什么好处。故选D项。
2．A细节理解题。根据“Allsortsofpeopleare‘applepolishers’，includingpoliticiansandpeopleinhighoffices—justabouteverybody.OliverCromwell，thegreatEnglishleader，offeredmanygiftstowinthesupportofGeorgeFoxandhisparty，butfailed.”可知，高层的领导者也有拍马屁的人，可以想象每个人都可能是这种人。故选A项。
3．D细节理解题。根据“An‘applepolisher’ isonewhogivesgiftstowinfriendshiporspecialtreatment.”和“Agiftisjustonewayto‘soft-soap’ somebody，orto‘butterhimup’．Anotherthatisjustaseffectiveisflattery…”可知选D项。
4．B细节理解题。根据“Thekinggottiredoflisteningtoendlesssickeningflatteryofhiscourtiers(朝臣)．”可知国王厌烦了朝臣们的阿谀奉承，故选B项。
