威学教育|专注雅思、托福等出国考试培训 网址：www.weixue100.com
钱梦娟Fancy托福口语TPO_17文本整理 TPO 17
Task 3：
Now listen to two students discussing the announcement. Man: They’re making a mistake. Woman: What do you mean?
Man: Look, They’re trying to do away with distractions so that we can study better. But with this change, we won’t have anywhere in the library to get together to work on group projects. Woman: True. Group project work is common these days.
Man: So, instead of buying these new units. They should use the money to build meeting rooms, and that would reduce any noise in the main library areas.
Woman: Yeah, that’s what we could really use. There’s just not as much need to work in isolation. Man: Exactly. And the other thing is, what’s this about overcrowding? Well, sure we have more students enrolled in the university this year, but do we really have a problem with over crowding?
Woman: I don’t think so. I always get a whole table to myself.
Man: Right. I see empty tables there all the time. It’ll just be a waste of money to replace what we have. Since what we have now is sufficient for the amount of students that use the library. The man expresses his opinion about the upcoming change. State his opinion and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion. Task 4：
Listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a zoology class. (man)
Let's start with an example you may be familiar with. What's one thing dogs typically do when they feel threatened? They want to protect themselves. That's right, they show their teeth. And when we see this, we know this behavior means basically stay away. Now, here's how this behavior became a recognizable warning. A long long time ago, a dog sensing danger would get ready to bite whatever animal was threatening it. It started by baring its teeth, but the propose of doing it was something very simple: the dog instinctively was making sure that it didn't bite its own lips when it bit the other animal, OK? But what happened, other dogs, other animals, over time, they learned that this teeth baring always came before a dog was going to bite, and so they started to read it as a signal to be careful, to keep away, or risk getting bitten. This scenario, repeated
威学教育|专注雅思、托福等出国考试培训 网址：www.weixue100.com
time after time also led to the dog's awareness that simply showing its teeth, a lot of the time that was protection enough. What had been a simple preparation to bite had developed into a kind of defense mechanism in and of itself. The dog learned that it did not need to actually attack; but could get the right result by communicating the possibility of attack through showing its teeth. It started to use this behavior as a warning signal.
Explain the concept of rituatization using the example of dogs discussed by the professor. Task 5:
Listen to a conversation between two students.
Man: Hey Sally, I just got the first copy of my research paper back from professor Stone. Woman: Just now? I got mine back a few days ago.
Man: Yeah, everyone else in the class that I know of got theirs back a few days ago too. Woman: But, the deadline …you’re running out of time.
Man: Yeah. I only have one day to review all his comments and write my final draft. He made a lot of suggestions.
Woman: You should definitely ask Professor Stone for a deadline extension. He should take some responsibility for the situation; it is sort of his fault you won’t have much time to work on it before the due date.
Man: I thought about that, but would he think I was being pushy, or …criticizing him for not getting the paper back to me right away? I don’t want to offend him.
Woman: True, but it’s your grade we’re talking about. You’ve got a legitimate concern, but it’s understandable if you’re uncomfortable asking. Man: Yeah…I’m in a tough spot.
Woman: You know you could always just do your best with the time you have left. You’re a good student, I bet you can finish it quickly; work really fast and it’ll still turn out good. Man: Do my best with the time I have left. Well …if I worked really hard, I imagine I might OK, but I have to be sure to deal with all of those comments. I need a good Grade.
The speakers discuss two possible solutions to the man’s problem. Briefly summarize the problem, then state which solution you recommend and explain why. Task 6：
Listen to part of a talk in a sociology class.
Now let’s talk about a particular cultural process: diffusion. Since the beginning of human history, diverse cultures have taken advantage of one another’s innovations when they’ve come into contact. Diffusion is the process whereby something cultural …like a custom, a type of food
威学教育|专注雅思、托福等出国考试培训 网址：www.weixue100.com
or an invention is spread from one group to another, or from one society to another. One group adopts a cultural item, or, more selectively, just part of a cultural item of another group, you see? Now diffusion can occur through a variety of ways: military conquest or tourism or even something like the influence of satellite TV shows around the world. For example take something like reading a modern newspaper here in the US. Have you ever thought about where the letters, the characters on the page you're reading, where they came from? They were borrowed from another culture many centuries ago. Then, the printing of the words, well, that process was invented in Germany, and finally, the paper itself, the paper was invented in China. These innovations from all over the world were shared across cultures over time, and so today we have newspapers in the US. So the process of diffusion might take place over long distances and over long periods of time.
Now I'm not saying that diffusion happens easily, as I mentioned, sometimes it's selective. For instance, many people in the US have accepted the practice of acupuncture. The Chinese practice of using needles to cure disease or relieve pain. So, lots of people in the US have realized that acupuncture is effective, but few of them fully understand or have committed themselves to the philosophy behind acupuncture. Cultures tend to resist ideas that seem to foreign, too different from their own beliefs and values. But the ideas which aren’t perceived as too different, are often incorporated, absorbed, diffused into their culture, so the practice of acupuncture has been absorbed into US culture, but not the philosophies of Chinese medicine. Using points and examples from the talk explain the concept of diffusion.
