2015人教版七下Unit4Dont - eat - in - class语法短语及知识点

2026/1/14 18:29:18

Unit 4 Don’t eat in class.

1. 祈使句的构成和用法

概念:祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等的句子。 结构:祈使句一般以动词原形开头,句末用句号或感叹号。 a) Do型祈使句

肯定结构:动词原形+宾语+其它 否定结构:Don’t+动词原形+宾语 Open the door.开门 Don’t play soccer in the classroom.不要在教室里踢足球。

b) Be型祈使句

肯定结构:Be+表语 否定结构:Don’t+be+表语

Be careful next time!下次要细心! Don’t be late for school.上学不要迟到。

c) Let型祈使句

肯定结构:Let+宾语+动词原形+其它

否定结构:Don’t+let+宾语+动词原形+其它 Let’s not+动词原形+其它

Let’s go home.我们回家吧。 Don’t let him go shopping.不要让他去购物。

d) No型祈使句

结构:No+动词ing 或 No+名词。这种结构的祈使句一般用来表示禁止。 No talking禁止讲话(=Don’t talk=Stop talking) No photos禁止拍照(=Don’t take photos)

2. 短语

go out外出(娱乐) You can’t go out on school nights.在上学的晚上你不能出去(玩)。 take out掏出,取出 Please take out a piece of paper.请拿出一张纸。

do the dishes=wash the dishes清洗餐具 Please wash the dishes after dinner.晚饭后请清洗餐具。

think about sth考虑 Let’s think about the fruit and vegetables.让我们考虑一下水果和蔬菜。 have fun=have a good time玩得高兴 Have fun.玩得开心!

good luck(to sb)祝(某人)好运 Wish you good luck.=Good luck to you.祝你好运。 sb be lucky某人运气好 She is lucky.她运气好。

wait for sb等待某人 I am waiting for you.我一直在等你。 arrive late for=be late for为…而迟到 Don’t arrive late for work.上班不要迟到。

fight with sb和某人大家 Don’t fight with your classmates. 不要和你的同学打架。 make friends交朋友 I want to make friends with you.我想和你交朋友。 make sure确信 Please make sure he is at home.请确认他在家。

make one’s bed铺床 Every morning I must make my bed.每天早上我必须铺床。 make noise制造噪音 Don’t make noise.不要制造噪音。

keep quiet=be quiet保持安静 Keep quiet, please.请保持安静。=Please keep quiet. keep healthy保持健康 Running can keep us healthy.跑步能保持我们健康。

keep cool保持冷静 Keep cool, don’t fight with him.保持冷静,不要和他打架。 keep up with跟上 You must keep up with other students.你必须跟上其他学生。

3. rule规则(复数形式rules)

family rules家规 school rules校规

follow the rules=obey the rules遵守规则 break the rules违反规则 make rules制定规则

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4. “到达”的用法表达

get to+地方

arrive in+大地方 arrive at+小地方 reach+地方

get to school = reach school = arrive at school到达学校

注意:home, there, here是副词,因此介词to、in、at要省略,如get home到家

5. listen to、hear和sound辨析:两者都表示“听”的意思

listen 有意识地听,但不一定听到什么,强调“听”这个动作,结构“listen+to+宾语” hear强调听的结果,“听见”。 sound听起来,系动词+adj做表语

He can’t hear you because he is listening to music now.他听不见你,因为他正在听音乐。 That sounds interesting.那听起来有趣。

6. time及相关短语

表时间,不可数名词 What time is it now?现在是什么时间?(几点了?) time

表次数,可数名词 three times三次

at the same time同时 in time及时 on time 准时 all the time一直,总是=always for the first time第一次 at times有时,偶尔

in the morning/in the afternoon/in the evening在早上/在下午/在晚上 at noon=in the middle of the day在中午

at night泛指在晚上 on school days在上学的白天 on school nights在上学的晚上

7. wear、put on和get dressed辨析

wear表“穿着、戴着”的状态。 She is wearing a red dress today.她今天穿着一件红裙子。

put on表“穿上、戴上”的动作 Please put on your coat. It is very cold outside.请穿上你的外套,外面很冷。 get dressed 是 get +adj 的用法,dressed是一个过去分词充当形容词,意思是“穿好衣服的”=dress oneself

8. have to和must辨析

have to +动词原形,强调客观需要;否定形式don’t have to不必 must+动词原形,强调主观看法

Because it is raining outside, I have to take an umbrella.因为外面正在下雨,我不得不带伞。

You don’t have to get up so early. I must finish my homework before half past eight in the evening.

9. bring…to…把…带到…来∕bring…from…从…带来

Please bring your English books to school. I bring some bread from home.

10. practice用法

practice+名词 I must practice the guitar every day.我每天必须练习吉他。

practice+动名词(V-ing)She practices playing the piano after dinner.她晚餐后练习弹钢琴。

11. help用法

help sb with sth/V-ing I must help my mom with housework.我必须帮助我妈妈做家务。

help sb (to) do sth Can you help me with washing the dishes? I need to help my students learn English.

12. too many,too much,much to用法辨析

too many+可数名词复数,表示“太多” too much+不可数名词,表示“太多” much too+形容词/副词,表示“太”

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There are too many rules at school. He eats too much ice-cream His T-shirt is much too large.

13. 正反义词小结 interesting, fun有趣的 unimportant不重要的 clean干净的 long长的 new新的 outside在外面 boring无聊的 noisy吵闹的 (noise噪音,不可数名词) big大的 tall高的 fat胖的 friendly友好的 quiet安静的 unhappy不高兴的sad伤心的 small小的 short矮的 thin,slim瘦的 unfriendly不友好的 important重要的 happy高兴的 dirty脏的 short短的 old老的,旧的 inside在里面

14. strict用法

be strict with sb对某人要求严格 be strict in sth对某事要求严格

My father is very strict with me. His mother is strict with everything.

15. remember,forget用法

remember to do sth记得要做某事(事情还未做)Please remember to finish your homework. remember doing sth记得做过某事(事情已做) I remember cleaning my room.

forget to do sth忘记要做某事(事情还未做)I forget to bring your books to school. forget doing sth忘记做过某事(事情已做) I forget doing the dishes

16. look,see,watch和read用法辨析

look强调看的动作 look at看,look for寻找,look after照顾 see强调看的结果,看见

watch观看,注视,尤其是动态的画面 read读,阅读,常和book,magazine搭配

Please look at the blackboard I am looking for you. Please look after my pet dog on weekends. I can see you We want to watch the basketball game on Saturday. I must read a book before I go to bed.

17. 句型

a) What do you think of…?=How do you like…?你认为…怎么样?

b) 感叹句一般是用来表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。英语感叹句常用\和\引导,\和

\与所修饰的词置于句首,其它部分用陈述句语序。

一、 由\引导的感叹句:\意为\多么\用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加

不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。

结构: what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(it is). 二、 由\引导的感叹句:\意为\多么\,用作状语,修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分)。如果修饰

形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词;如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词。 结构: How+adj.(adv.)+主语+谓语+(it is).

三、 在表示同一意义时,英语感叹既可用\引导,也可用\引导。

四、 感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时,口语中常常采用省略句,其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲。

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