第六讲 情态动词和虚拟语气
1.（2014·北京101中学高三模拟）Being constantly exposed to advertisements is annoying, but it ______ be pleasant sometimes.
A. shall
B. need
C. can
D. must
【解析】C 考查情态动词。句意：经常看到广告让人恼火，但有时也是令人愉快的。A. shall 表示“命令，警告，允诺，征求意见”，B. need“需要”， C. can “能，有可能，会”， D. must “必须”。这里用can表示“有客观可能性”，选C。
2.（2014·山东枣庄期中模拟）The story ______ be true, for I read it in the newspaper. A. can B. must C. will D. need
【解析】B考查情态动词。句意：这个故事一定是真的，因为我在报纸上看到过。情态动词可以表示推测，can意为“可能”；must意为“一定”。这里表示肯定推测，用must。 3.（2014·山东枣庄期中模拟）I didn’t know he was deaf, or else I ______ that. A. wouldn't have said B. won't say
C. wouldn't say D. won't have said
【解析】A 考查虚拟语气。句意：我不知道他是聋的，要不然我就不说那样的话了。根据didn’t可知，是对过去事情的虚拟，对过去进行虚拟，从句用过去完成时，主句用would have done。or else“要不然”，引导含蓄虚拟语气，故选A。
4.（2014·山东枣庄期中模拟）Jenny certainly ______ go swimming in the river—Once bitten, twice shy.
A. can’t B. won’t C. shan’t D. mustn’t
【解析】B 考查情态动词。句意：简妮当然不会去那条河里游泳。一朝被蛇咬十年怕井绳。A“不能”；B“不会”；C“不应该”；D“禁止”。根据句意选B。
5.（2014· 四川宜宾南溪二中模拟）You ______ remind him to keep things neat and tidy, because he is well organized.
A. can’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. shan’t
【解析】B 考查情态动词。A“不能”；B“不必”；C“禁止”；D“不会”。句意：你不必提醒他把物品放整齐，因为他做事很有调理。结合语境可知选B。
6.（2014·陕西长安一中模拟）But for those interruptions, the meeting ______ half an hour ago.
A. was finished B. would have finished C. would finish D. had been finished
【解析】B 考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是有这些打断，这个会议在半小时前就会结束了。
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But for“要不是”，But for those interruptions,=if it had not been for those interruptions,是和过去相反的虚拟语气，所以主句用would have done，选B。
7.（2014·河南周口中英文学校模拟）— We want someone to design the new art museum for us. —______ he young fellow outside have a try? A. May
B. Shall
C. Will
D. Need
【解析】B 考查情态动词。 句意：“我们想找人为我们设计新的艺术馆。”“外面的年轻人 可以吗？”shall用于第三人称，可以表示征求意见或请求指示，may用于第一人称，表示 请求许可，will用于第二人称，表示征求意见，need是需要。选B。
8.（2014·河南周口中英文学校模拟）The girl was drowned unfortunately. She ______ , though, because there were so many people standing on the banks at that moment.
A. should have saved C. should be saved
B. could have been saved
D. couldn’t have been saved
【解析】B 考查虚拟语气。句意：女孩不幸落水，可是她本可以被救上来，因为很多人当时站在岸边。从because后面的原因可知女孩本来是可以被救起来的，但是没有，以为是被动含义，排除A、C项是对现在的虚拟，也不对。could have done本来可以做但是没有，couldn’t have done是过去不可能做了??选B。
9. （2014·河南中原名校联盟模拟）—He must have received a good education in his childhood, ______ he?
—______ , he is polite and well-behaved and acts like a gentleman.
A. didn’t; Yes B. has; Yes C. has; No D. didn’t; No
【解析】A 考查情态动词的反义疑问句。由must have done构成的反义疑问句，并且有过去的时间状语in his childhood，所以用did构成反义疑问句，主句是肯定的，疑问句用否定形式。故选A。句意：“他儿童时期一定接受过良好的教育，不是吗？”“是的，他有礼貌，举止文雅像是个绅士。”
10.（2014·河南中原名校联盟模拟）—The research on the new bird flu virus vaccine is challenging and demanding. Who do you think can do the job? —______ my students have a try?
A. Should B. Shall C. Will D. May
【解析】B 考查情态动词的用法。此处shall 用于一、三人称表示征求对方意见。句意：“新的禽流感育苗的研究很富有挑战性。你认为谁能做这项工作？”“让我的学生试试好吗？”
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表示征求对方意见，用shall。
11.（2014·湖南湘中名校联考）—-Marx looks nervous. —-So ______ you if you had so fierce a competition.
A. do B. did C. will D. would
【解析】D 考查虚拟语气。句意：“马克思看起来很紧张。”“如果你参加那么激烈的竞争你也一样。”这里if后的从句是对现在的虚拟，所以用的是过去式：so 表示“也是如此”，代替前面所说的情况，引起一个倒装结构。so 后的句子是对将来的虚拟，所以谓语动词would do,故选D。
12.（2014·湖南衡阳第八中学模拟）I was admitted into a famous university. My success ______ me pleased with myself but I didn’t .
A. might have made B. might make C. should have made D. should make 【解析】C 考查虚拟语气。句意：我被一所著名的大学录取了，我的成功本应该让我高兴的，但是我没有。因为是对过去情况的虚拟，应该是情态动词+have done，排除B、D两项。从but I didn’t可知是本应该高兴却没有，might have done表示过去可能做了/过去本可能做却没做，选C。
13.（2014·江苏扬州中学模拟）What if you ______ to send an essay with your application? Would you have been rejected? A. forget
B. would forget
C. had forgotten
D. should forget
【解析】C 考查虚拟语气。句意：你要是忘了和申请表一起发一篇论文怎么办？你会被解雇吗？从第二句话，说明是和过去相反的虚拟语气，说明前面的是if的非真实条件句和过去相反，用had done,选C。
14.（2014·北京第四十四中学模拟）— I phoned you yesterday morning. A girl answered, but I didn’t recognize the voice.
— Oh, it ______ my younger sister. She was in my room at that moment.
A. must have been B. should have been C. could have been D. may have been 【解析】A 考查情态动词表推测的用法。句意：“我昨天早上打电话给你，一个女孩接的，但是我没听出是谁的声音。”“哦，那一定是我的小妹妹，她那会正在我在房间。”A“一定是，肯定推测”；B“本应该”；C“可能是”；D“也许是”介乎语境，选A。 15（2014·北京东城区模拟）— Do you like the school? — Yeah. I only wish the classes ______ a little smaller.
A. be
B. were C. had been
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D. should have been
【解析】B 考查虚拟语气。句意：“你喜欢这个学校吗？”“是的，我只希望班级小一点。”I whsh后面接从句，表示“但愿??就好了。”从句中用虚拟语气，如果和现在事实相反，用一般过去时表示虚拟，和过去相反，用过去完成时，和将来的相反用would/could do，所以选B。
16.（2014·北京东城区模拟）According to the factory safety rules, all accidents ______ be reported to the safety officer.
A. may
B. can
C. would
D. must
【解析】D 考查情态动词。 句意：根据工厂的安全规定，所有的事故必须要报告给保安部长，因为是规定，所以用must“必须”；may“ 可以”；can“能够”； would“将会，过去常常”。选D
17（2014·北京东城区模拟）— Joe, don’t forget to bring your laptop with you tomorrow, OK? — Oh, thank you. I wouldn’t bring it if you ______ me.
A. wouldn’t remind C. hadn’t reminded
B. haven’t reminded
D. shouldn’t have reminded
【解析】C 考查虚拟语气。句意：“Joe,明天不要忘了把笔记本电脑带来，好吗？”“哦，谢谢。如果你不提醒我，我就不会带了。”这里用了虚拟条件句，因为是过去提醒的，if条件句用过去完成时，表示对过去的虚拟，选C。
18.（2014·江苏盐城中学模拟）—I do enjoy my present job as an engineer. —Well，I would also be an engineer if I ______ my major when I was at college.
A. could have changed
B. should change C. hadn't changed D. were to change
【解析】C 考查虚拟语气。句意：“我的确喜欢我现在作为一名工程师的工作。”“恩，我也会成为一个工程师，如果我念大学的时候不改变我的专业的话。”If引导条件状语从句，而条件状语从句和非真实（虚拟）条件句两句。真实条件句所便是的假设是有可能发生的，而非真实条件句则通常表示一种假想，与事实相反或不大可能会发生，其中，与过去事实相反的条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），因此选C。
19.（2014·江苏南通中学模拟）We were stuck at the airport because of the heavy fog, otherwise we ______ here in time for the conference. A. arrived B. had arrived
C. would arrive
D. would have arrived
【解析】D 考查虚拟语气。 句意：因为大雾我们被滞留在机场了。否则，我们就能及时赶 上开会了。这里的otherwise相当于一个虚拟条件句，we were stuck at the airport是和过去相
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