英语作业答案
Unit1
Ⅰ.ReadthefollowingstatementscarefullyanddecidewhethertheyareTrueorFalse.
1.TheislandofGreatBritainisgeographicallydividedintothreeparts:England,ScotlandandWales.(T)英伦三岛包括英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。
2.PeopleindifferentpartsofBritainliketousethenameEnglandtorefertotheircountry.(F)British
3.TodaymorethanhalfofthepeopleinWalesstillspeaktheancientWelshlanguage.(F) 4.Intermsofpopulationandarea，NorthernIrelandisthesecondlargestpartoftheUnitedKingdom.(F)英格兰是面积最大，人口最多的
5.ThelongestriverofBritainoriginatesinWales.(T)TheRiverSevern:赛文河 6.Becauseofpoliticaltroubles，NorthernIrelandhasbeenquitesignificantamongthefourconstituentpartsoftheUnitedKingdom.(T)
Ⅱ.Choosetheonethatbestcompleteseachofthefollowingstatements. 1.ThetwomainislandsoftheBritishIslesare . 不列颠群岛是由两个大岛组成的：不列颠和爱尔兰 A.GreatBritainandIrelandB.GreatBritainandScotland C.GreatBritainandWalesD.GreatBritainandEngland 2. isthecapitalcityofScotland. A.BelfastB.EdinburghC.AberdeenD.Cardiff
3.AmongthefourpartsoftheUnitedKingdom， isthesmallest. A.EnglandB.Scotland
C.WalesD.NorthernIreland
4.TheintroductionofChristianitytoBritainaddedthefirstelementof wordstoEnglish.
A.DanishandFinnishB.DutchandGerman C.FrenchandItalianD.LatinandGreek
5.TheevolutionofMiddleEnglishwasreinforcedbythe influence. A.NormanB.DutchC.GermanD.Danish
6.SamuelJohnson’sdictionarywasinfluentialinestablishingastandardformof . A.grammarB.handwriting C.spellingD.pronunciation
7.Atpresent,nearly oftheworld’spopulationcommunicateinEnglish. A.halfB.aquarter C.OnethirdD.onefifth
III.Givebriefanswerstothefollowingquestions· 1.WhatisthefullnameoftheU.K.?
ThefullnameistheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland 2.WhydotouristsfromallovertheworldliketogotoScotland?
TheyliketoenjoythebeautifulScottishscenery,todrinkScotchwhiskyandtoseeScotsmanwearingkiltsandplayingbagpipes.
3.HowmanyperiodscanthedevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguagebedividedintoandwhatarethey?
ThedevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguagecanbedividedintothreeperiods:OldEnglish,MiddleEnglishandModernEnglish.
4.WhydidEnglishbecomemoreimportantaftertheBlackDeath(黑死病)?
ThelaboringandmerchantclassesgrewineconomicandsocialimportanceaftertheBlackDeath,soEnglishalsogrewinimportancecomparedtoFrench.
Ⅳ.Stateyourunderstandingofthefollowingquestionsinabout100words.
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1.whoareBritishpeople?
ThefirstknowninhabitantsinBritainwereCeltswhoaretheancestorsofwelsh,ScottishandIrishpeople.ThencametheAnglos,theSaxonsandtheJuteswhobroughtwiththemEnglishlanguage.ManypeoplefromotherEuropeancountriescamelater,andinmoderntimestherearealotsofimmigrantsfrommanyformerCommonwealth(共和国)countriesfromeverypartoftheworld,andtheBritishpeoplearealsocomposedofpeoplefromdifferentethnicandculturalbackgrounds. 2.WhatisStandardEnglish?
StandardEnglishisbasedonthespeechoftheupperclassofthesoutheasternEngland;itiswidelyusedinmediaandtaughtatschools.Itispreferredbytheeducated,middle-classpeople.IshasdevelopedandhasbeenpromotedasamodelforthecorrectBritishEnglish.Itisalsothenorm(标准)carriedoverseas.Today,StandardEnglishiscodifiedtotheextentthatthegrammarandvocabularyaremuchthesameeverywhereintheworldwhereEnglishistaughtandused. Unit2
I.ReadthefollowingstatementscarefullyanddecidewhethertheyareTrueorFalse. 1.TheBritishhistorybefore55BCisbasicallyundocumented.(T)
2.TheCeltsbecamethedominantgroupinBritainbetweenthe8thand5thcenturiesBC.(T) 3.ThenameofBritaincamefromaCeltictribe—theBritons.(T)
4.TheAnglo—SaxonscametoBritaininthemid-5thcentury.(T)(不考)
5.ThechieforkingoftheAnglo-Saxontribesexercisedpowerattheirownwill.(F) 6.TheVikingsbegantoattacktheEnglishcoastinthe8thcentury.(T)
7.HenryIIbuiltupalargeempirewhichincludedEnglandandmostofFrance(T)
8.TheMagnaCartawasdesignedtoprotecttherightsofboththeprivilegedclassandthetownspeople.(F)
9.TheHundredYears’WarwasaseriesofwarsfoughtbetweenEnglandandNormansfortradeandterritory.(F)
10.inanefforttomakeacompromisebetweendifferentreligiousfactions，QueenElizabethIactuallydefendedthefruitoftheReligiousReformation.(T) Ⅱ.Choosetheonethatbestcompleteseachofthefollowingstatements. 1．The attackonRomeendedtheRomanoccupationinBritainin410． A．NormanB．Danish C．CelticD．Germanic
2．Bythelate7thcentury， becamethedominantreligioninEngland．
A．CelticChristianityB．Anglo-SaxonChristianity C．GermanicChristianityD．RomanChristianity
3．WestminsterAbbey(威斯敏斯特教堂)wasbuiltatthetimeof . A．St．AugustineB．EdwardtheConfessor(忏悔者爱德华)
C．WilliamtheConquerorD．AlfredtheGreat
4．The markedtheestablishmentoffeudalism(封建制度)inEngland．
A．VikinginvasionB．signingoftheMagnaCarta C．NormanConquestD．Adoptionofcommonlaw
5．TheendoftheWarsoftheRosesledtotheruleof . A．theHouseofValoisB．theHouseofYork
C．theHouseofTudor(都铎楼)D．theHouseofLancaster
出身于族徽为红玫瑰的兰开斯特家族的亨利·都铎结束了玫瑰战争，登上了英国王位，称亨利七世
6．ThedirectcausefortheReligiousReformationwasKingHenryVIII’Seffortto .
A．divorcehiswifeB．breakwithRome
C．supporttheProtestantsD．declarehissupremepoweroverthechurch 7.TheEnglishCivilWarbrokeoutin1642between .
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A．ProtestantsandPuritansB．RoyalistsandParliamentarians C．noblesandpeasantsD．aristocratsandChristians 8． waspassedaftertheGloriousRevolution(光荣革命)． A．BillofRightsB．ActofSupremacy C．ProvisionsofOxfordD．MagnaCarta
9.TheIndustrialRevolutionwasaccomplishedinBritainbythemiddleofthe century． A．17thB．18thC．19thD．20th
10．Britainfacedstrongchallengesinitsglobalimperialdominancebythebeginningofthe century．
A．17thB．18thC．19thD．20th
III.Givebriefanswerstothefollowingquestions. 1.WhatarethetwocomponentsoftheBritishparliament? 2.WhatweresomeofQueenVictoria’smajorachievements? 3.WhatwerethetwocampsinEuropeinWorldWarⅠ?
4.WhydidBritaincooperatecloselywiththeUnitedStatesafterWorldWarⅡ?Answers:
1.TheyaretheHouseofCommonsandtheHouseofLords.
2.QueenVictoriamadetremendousachievementsinalmosteveryaspect.Shepromotedfurtherindustrialrevolution,thebuildingofrailwaysandthegrowingoftradeandcommerce.Bytheendofherreign,Britainhaddevelopedtoanempireincludingaquarteroftheglobalpopulationandnearlyaquarteroftheworld’slandmass.
3.TheCentralPowerswhichincludedGermany,Austria-Hungary,theOttomanEmpireandBulgariaandtheAlliedPowerswhichweremainlycomprisedofFrance,theRussianEmpire,theBritishEmpire,ItalyandtheUnitedStates.
4.BecausetheywerealliedduringthewarandsharedthesameworriesabouttheformerSovietUnion.
Ⅳ.Stateyourunderstandingofthefollowingquestions.
1.WhatweretheresultsoftheIndustrialRevolutioninBritain? 2.TheRiseandFalloftheBritishEmpire? Answers:
1.TheIndustrialRevolutionchangedBritaininmanyways.First,industrialproductivityincreaseddramatically.Britainbecamethemostadvancedindustrialcountryandalsothefinancialcenterintheworld.Second,urbanizationtookplace.Manynewcitiessprangup.Third,itcausedgreatchangesintheclassstructure.Theoldsocialclassesdeclined,andnewonesemergedanddeveloped.Theconflictbetweenthecapitalistsandtheproletariansbecamethemostimportantpoliticalissue.
2.ColonizationofNewfoundland,thefirstBritishcolonyoverseas,in1583markedthebeginningoftheBritishEmpire.By1837,BritainhadlongbeenanempirewhichincludedthecoloniesinCanada,Australia,NewZealand,IndiaandmanysmallstatesintheWestIndies.Bytheendofthe19thcentury,theBritishEmpireincludedaquarteroftheglobalpopulationandnearlyaquarteroftheworld’slandmass.Duringthemid-19thcentury,theBritishgovernmentconsolidatedtheexistingcoloniesbybringingthemunderthedirectcontrolofthegovernment.BeforeWorldWar
Ⅰ,Britainhadthelargestcolonialempireintheworld.However,BritainsufferedgreatlosstoitsmanpowerinthetwoWorldWarsandexhausteditsreservesofgold,dollarsandoverseasinvestment.MostofBritain’scoloniesgainedindependencesincethe1940s,whichinevitablyledtothefalloftheEmpire.
Unit4PoliticsandGovernmentofUK
I．ReadthefollowingstatementscarefullyanddecidewhethertheyareTrueorFalse． 1．Conventions(党代
会)areregardedlessimportantthancommonlawintheworkingoftheBritishgovernment．F 2．TheBritishmonarchyhasneverbeeninterruptedthroughoutthehistory．F
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