set high but achievable goals.
My mother is now back with us. But I will never forget what the experience has really taught me. I've learned a lot because of this separation（分离）. There are lots of difficult decisions that we have to face in our life. We need to have a positive attitude no matter what happens. （1）It was __________ for the writer to say \ A. excited B. difficult C. unusual D. easy （2）Which of the following sentences can be put in the blank in Paragraph 3? A. I thought my mother might regret her decision. B. I thought my mother might want to go home with us. C. I realized how lonely my mother was in Brazil herself. D. I realized my mother had a happy time in Brazil herself.
（3）The writer most probably wants to tell us that __________.
A. how she gets on well with her mother B. it's difficult for her to make a decision C. she has learnt a lot from the experience D. adults have to face the difficult decisions 【答案】 （1）B （2）C （3）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了我在小时候与妈妈分开的一段经历，懂得做决定的艰难，理解了妈妈工作的辛苦。
（1）细节理解题。根据文中的第 一The question kept me wondering for the rest of the night．I had said\，可知 这个问题很难回答，故答案是B。
（2）细节理解题。根据文中的前面Looking at her large empty apartment看着她那空荡荡的大公寓，可知 后面应该是我意识到我母亲在巴西是多么孤独，故答案是C。
（3）细节理解题。根据文中的最后一段My mother is now back with us．But I will never forget what the experience has really taught me．I've learned a lot because of this separation．There are lots of difficult decisions that we have to face in our life．We need to have a positive attitude no matter what happens.可知 作者从中学到了很多，故答案是C。 【点评】考查阅读理解。考查对篇章的把握与细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。
12．根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。
Do you often listen to music at loud volumes （音量）? You should know that this habit is bad for your hearing. Over 1 billion young people are at risk of hearing loss （听力丧失） ,because of listening to loud noise for long periods of time. Listening to music or watching a TV show at loud volumes can harm your hearing.
The United Nations has standards for safe listening. It is not safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 85 dB （分贝） for eight hours or 100 dB for 15 minutes. The sound of a busy road is about 85 dB and the sound of a rock concert can be about 100 dB.
Loud noise is harmful to the inner二Most of us are bon with about 16,000 hair cells （听毛细胞） in our inner ears. These cells notice sounds. However, listening to loud noise for a long time
can make these cells work too hard and cause some of them to die. This is what causes hearing loss. Once this happens, it's hard to get your hearing back.
Some people might think that their music isn't all that loud. But this can depend on where you are. For example, if you are in a noisy place like the subway, you might turn up your music too loud without realizing it. Later, when you listen to it at the same volume in a quiet place, you alight feel uncomfortable
The \about equal to （相当于） the noise of a subway.
Here is some advice on safe listening. Over—the—ear headphones （头戴式耳机） are better than in—ear ones. They do a better job of stopping outside noise, so you can listen at a lower volume. Don't listen to loud music on your headphones for a long time. Follow the 60:60 rule: listen to music at 60 percent of your headphones' maximum volume for no more than 60 minutes a day.
（1）It is safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 100 dB for 15 minutes
（2）Listening to loud noise for a long time can cause some hair cells in the inner ear to die. （3）From the fourth paragraph, we know people don't always realize how loud their music is. （4）In—ear headphones are better than over—the—eat ones because they can stop more outside noise.
（5）This article mainly tells us why ears are an important part of our bodies. 【答案】 （1）0 （2）1 （3）1 （4）0 （5）0
【解析】【分析】文章大意： 本文主要讲述了听大音量音乐的习惯对听力有害。世界卫生组织称，超过10亿的年轻人在听力方面存在问题，因为他们长时间大声聆听。联合国有安全聆听标准。听八十小时大于85分贝或15分钟大声100分钟的声音是不安全的。长时间聆听大声的声音可能会使这些细胞工作太猛，并使其中一些细胞死亡。这就是人们听力损失的原因。
（1）判断正误题。根据 It is not safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 85 dB （分贝） for eight hours or 100 dB for 15 minutes. 可知挺高于85分贝八个小时或者100分贝15分钟是不安全的。故答案为错误。
（2）判断正误题。根据 However, listening to loud noise for a long time can make these cells work too hard and cause some of them to die. 可知听大声的噪音很长时间能使这些耳毛细胞工作太猛，造成一些耳毛细胞死亡，故答案为正确。
（3）判断正误题。根据 if you are in a noisy place like the subway, you might turn up your music too loud without realizing it. 可知如果你在像地铁这样吵闹的地方，你可能无意识的把声音调到太大，可知第四段告诉我们人们不总是能意识到他们的音乐有多大声，故答案为正确。
（4）判断正误题。根据 Over—the—ear headphones （头戴式耳机） are better than in—
ear ones. They do a better job of stopping outside noise, so you can listen at a lower volume. 可知头戴式耳机比置入式耳机更好，故答案为错误。
（5）判断正误题。通读全文可知大意是：听大声的音乐对听力有害，不是讲耳朵是人体重要的组成部分，故答案为错误。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力，首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据细节判断所给句子的正确，注意要找到依据。
13．阅读理解
The human body is a machine that can raise lots of interesting questions. Why, for example, are yawns （呵欠） contagious （传染的）? What's up with ice-cream headaches? Here are answers to these and other questions about our bodies. Why do I get a headache when I eat ice cream too quickly?
Scientists aren't exactly sure what causes the brain freeze when we eat ice cream or other super cold foods too quickly, though some believe it's the result of changed blood .flow in the nervous system. Blood vessels in the head tighten to stop the loss of body heat and then relax to let blood flow rise; that sudden rush of blood is what causes the headache. You can improve an ice-cream headache by rapidly rubbing your tongue across the roof of your mouth to help warm up things.
What causes my stomach to make a low continuous noise when I'm hungry?
Actually, your stomach makes noise whether you're hungry or full; you just hear it more clearly when you're hungry. Think of your digestive tract（消化道）as a really long tube lined with smooth muscle tissue. These muscles move food, fluids and gas through your digestive tract. ___________. It can make you feel embarrassed（尴尬的）but is nothing to worry about. Why do I blush when I'm embarrassed?
When you're embarrassed, your brain releases a shot of adrenaline（肾上腺素）, which makes your heart race and blood vessels become larger in size. All this happens to increase blood flow and oxygen delivery throughout the body in a fight-or-flight reaction（对抗反应）. There are a lot of tiny blood vessels in your face, which turn noticeably redder from this sudden rush of blood. As for the actual function of blushing, researchers are still trying to find that one out. Why are yawns contagious?
Have you ever yawned in front of someone, only to have them yawn right back? It's a common thing, but researchers don't have a good explanation for it. They do, however, know this happens only with humans and chimpanzees（黑猩猩）. A bigger question puzzling scientists is why we yawn at all. It used to be thought that yawning showed that oxygen to the brain was not enough, but that's just a myth. A growing body of research now shows that yawning is nature's way of keeping our brains cool.
（1）What is the meaning of the underlined word tighten?
A. 变松 B. 变紧 C. 变短 D. 变长 （2）Which of the following sentences can be filled in the blank? A. And that's what you're hearing when your stomach makes noise. B. And that's why you're so hungry when your stomach is empty
C. And that's what makes you feel uncomfortable when you're full. D. And that's how it makes a difference to your digestive tract. （3）Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. There is no way for you to improve an ice-cream headache. B. Researchers have found out the actual function of blushing. C. Your stomach makes noise only when you are hungry.
D. Researchers don't have a good explanation for why yawns are contagious. （4）What is the best title of the passage? A. Some Interesting Facts B. Our Strange Body C. Some Useful Discoveries D. Our Amazing Feelings 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）D （4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍提供一些问题和答案来说明人体是一台能提出许多有趣问题的机器。
（1）词义猜测题。根据 Blood vessels in the head tighten to stop the loss of body heat and then relax to let blood flow rise; that sudden rush of blood is what causes the headache然后放松，让血液流动起来；这种突然的血液流动是导致头痛的原因。你可以通过快速地将舌头摩擦到口腔顶部来帮助热身来改善冰淇淋头痛。由relax，放松，动词，可知放松让血液流动，推知阻止血液流动的应该是变紧，因此tighten的意思是变紧，故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据上文These muscles move food, fluids and gas through your digestive tract. 把你的消化道想象成一条很长的管道，内衬着平滑肌组织。这些肌肉通过消化道输送食物、液体和气体。可已推知这些肌肉通过消化道输送食物、液体和气体。就会在胃里产生声音。故选A。
（3）判断正误题。根据You can improve an ice-cream headache by rapidly rubbing your tongue across the roof of your mouth to help warm up things.你可以通过快速地将舌头摩擦到口腔顶部来帮助热身来改善冰淇淋头痛。可知选项A不符合文章内容，故排除A；As for the actual function of blushing, researchers are still trying to find that one out.至于脸红的实际作用，研究人员仍在努力找出其中之一。可知选项B不符合文章内容，故排除B； you just hear it more clearly when you're hungry. 当你饿了的时候，你只会更清楚地听到声音。可知选项C不符合文章内容，故排除C；It's a common thing, but researchers don't have a good explanation for it. 这是一件很平常的事情，但研究人员对此没有很好的解释。可知选项D符合文章内容，故选D。
（4）标题判断题。根据文章大意本文主要介绍提供一些问题和答案来说明人体是一台能提出许多有趣问题的机器。只有选项B，才能揭示文章的大意，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
