shoot at 指向某人某物瞄准射击,但不一定射中 Tom shot at the strange dog but shot his own.
汤姆向那只陌生的狗射击,但却把自己的(狗)打死了。
单项填空
(1)—The eagle is dead.Who ______it?
—We all ______it just now.So it’s hard to tell who did it.
A.shot at;shot B.shot;shot C.shot;shot at D.shot at;shot at 提示:句意:“那只鹰死了。是谁打死的？”“我们刚才都向它射击了,所以很难辨清是谁打死的。” 答案:C
单句改错
(2)He shot the bi rd, but missed. 答案:在shoot后面加at
10.out of date 过时 【典型例句】
Your idea has gone out of date.你的观念已经过时了。
Will deni m jeans ever go out of date?粗布牛仔裤会过时吗? 【相关链接】
up to date 时兴的,新式的
All the data are up to date.所有的数据都是最新的。 单项填空
This site is ______and has been taken down.
A.out of fashion B.out of timeC.out of date D.up to date
提示:句意:这个网站已过时,被取消了。out of fashion指时尚;而此处是指网站已过时。 答案:C
11.frighten vt.使吃惊;惊吓 【典型例句】
The ghost story frightened the child.这个鬼怪故事使孩子十分惊恐。 He was frightened out of his wits.他吓呆了。 【知识小结】
frighten其现在分词和过去分词都可作形容词用。用作表语、定语和补语等,注意它和逻辑主语的关系。
frightening adj.令人恐惧的 frightened adj.感到惊恐的 单项填空
Look at his ______look.It seems______ as if he had met a tiger. A.frightened;frighteningB.frightening;frightened C.frightened;frightenedD.frightening;frightening
提示:句意:从他恐惧的神情看,情况似乎令人惊吓,好像是他遇到了老虎。 答案:A
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12.event n.事件;运动项目 【典型例句】
Winning the scholarship was a great event in the boy’s life. 赢得这项奖学金是这个男孩一生中的一件大事。 The first day at school is a big event in a child’s life. 第一天上学在孩子的一生中是件大事。
He entered for field and track events.他参加了田径赛。 【相关链接】
event, incident, accident和affair的区别 event特别指事件,大事;比赛项目
The new book was the cultural event of the year. 这本新书的出版是今年文化界的大事。 incident事情,小事件;事变,突发事件
Were there any exciting incidents during your journey? 你们在旅行中有没有什么令人激动的事情？ accident意外之事(尤指灾难)
His leg was broken in a bad accident last year.他的腿在去年一次恶性事故中断了。 affair事务,事件,私事
The new minister is in charge of foreign affairs.新任部长暂时负责外国事务。 单项填空
(1)Mr.Smith came to China not to go sightseeing but to see some personal______. A.events B.affairs C.incidents D.accidents
提示:event指大事或比赛项目;incident小事件或突发事件;accident指恶性事件。personal affairs指私人事件。 答案:B
(2)Recently CCTV station has taken great ______to make a program that reviews the important______ of the past 20 years.
A.steps;affairs B.efforts;mattersC.pains;events D.efforts;incidents
提示:句意:最近中央电视台不辞辛苦地做了一个节目对近20年的重大事件进行回顾。take pains to do
不辞辛苦做某事。steps构成take steps采取措施;efforts构成make efforts to do努力做某事。 答案:C
13.exhaust vt.使得筋疲力尽;用完;耗尽 【典型例句】
My father is completely exhausted.我父亲精疲力竭。 The marathon talks exhausted him completely. 马拉松式的谈判使他精疲力竭。
He has exhausted his supply of water.他已耗尽了全部供水。 【相关链接】
exhausted adj.疲惫不堪的
We were exhausted by the climb up the hill. 我们因爬上那座小山而精疲力竭。
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exhausting adj.令人疲惫的
This is really a exhausting journey.这真是一个累人的旅途。 单项填空
After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home,______.
A.exhaustingB.exhausted C.being exhaustedD.having exhausted 提示:exhaust是一个使（人和动物）感到疲倦的动词,意为“使筋疲力尽”。exhausted表示“感到疲惫的”;exhausting“令人疲惫的”。 答案:B
二、句型剖析
1.疑问词+do you think+主语+谓语 【典型例句】
When do you think the meeting will be held? 你认为会议什么时候举行？
How far do you imagine it is from here? 你认为那儿离这儿有多远？
Where do you suggest we go for our holiday? 你建议我们去哪里度假？ 【知识小结】
上面的句式叫做双重疑问句,在这个句式中,由于插入的一般疑问句部分已经采用了疑问语序,故它后面的部分须用正常语序。 【相关链接】
双重疑问句中的疑问词如果是主语,则要构成:疑问词+do you think/beli eve/suppose/suggest...+ 谓语...句式。例如:
Who do you think will get the prize?你认为谁将得到这个奖励？ What do you suggest be done next?你建议下一步做什么？ 单项填空
(1)—How do you ______we go to Beijing for our holidays? —I think we’d better fly there. It’s much more comfortable. A.insist B.wantC.suppose D.suggest
提示:能作插入语的有C和D两项,而只有D项要求谓语动词用should+v.（should 可省略),所以D 为正确答案。 答案:D
(2)Why do you think ______cut down the big tree?
A.we can’tB.can’t weC.that we can’tD.that can’t we
提示:句意:你认为我们为什么不能把这棵大树砍倒？如果去掉do you think,句序是Why can’t we cut down the big tree? 答案:A
2.What和How引导的感叹句 【典型例句】
What a tall man Yao Ming is!姚明真高啊！
What beautiful flowers （they are）!它们是多么漂亮的花啊！
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What fun it is to travel around China! 环游中国是多么(令人)开心的事啊！
How clever the boy is!那个男孩是多么聪明啊！ How fast Liu Xiang runs!刘翔跑得真快啊！ How time flies!时间过得真快啊！ 【知识小结】
how 和 what 引导感叹句的常见句式有:
What +a/an +(形容词)+可数名词单数( + 其他)！
What +(形容词) +可数名词复数/不可数名词+(其他)！ How +形容词/副词+ a/an + 可数名词单数+(其他)！ How +形容词/副词(+ 主语 + 谓语动词 )！ How +主语+谓语！ 汉泽英
(1)它是一本多么有趣的书啊！(用两种方式翻译) What __________________________________ How __________________________________ (2)多好的天气啊！
__________________________________ (3)我们的老师工作多么努力啊！ __________________________________ (4)他是多么热爱自己的祖国啊！ __________________________________ 答案:
(1)What an interesting book it is!How interesting a book it is! (2) What fine weather it is!
(3) How hard our teachers work./our teacher works! (4) How he loves his country!
三、语法详解
一、动词的过去分词
过去分词是动词的另一种非限定形式。从性质上它相当于形容词和副词,在句子中可以作表语、定语、宾补和状语。
(1)本模块主要学习过去分词作定语的用法。过去分词作定语时,它和它所修饰的词之间是一种被动或完成的关系。 a fallen tree 一棵倒下的树
trained camels 受过训练的骆驼
a book written by Lu Xun鲁迅写的一本书
(2)单个的过去分词作定语放在它所修饰的词之前,分词短语作定语放在所修饰的词之后。 a polluted river 一条被污染的河流
meals cooked by experts 烹饪大师做的饭菜
(3)过去分词作定语意思上相当于一个定语从句。
Buses numbered 1 to 100 are limited to travel within the city center.
=Buses which are numbered 1 to 100 are limited to travel within the city center. 标号为1~100的公交车只能在市中心运行。
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