直译法 意译法 音译法 音译意译结合法
指称意义的翻译
简述
–英汉词义的对应
合同 Contract
垂直 Vertical dimension
红茶 Black tea
接电话 To answer the telephone
国税 State taxes
关税 Customs duties
税率 Tariff rates
保税仓库 Bonded warehouse area
求职者中间由机关干部、普通工人、合资企业雇员…
Among the applicants are government functionaries， ordinary workers, employee of joint venture…
干部 国家机关、军队、人民团体中的公
职人员（士兵、勤杂人员除外），又可指担任一定的领导工作或管理工作的人员
Administrator Official Officer Functionary
Cadre Office worker Public/civil servant Government employee
直译法——完全保留汉语的指称意义
芦笛岩是桂林最精彩的岩洞。
Reed Flute Cave/Ludiyan/Ludi Cave is the most magnificent of all in Guilin.
直译加注解
1990年共批准“三资”企业99家，全省“三资”企业已达284家。
In 1990, the Province approved 99 “Three Forms of Ventures” (Sino-foreign join ventures, cooperative enterprises and wholly foreign-funded enterprises), the total number of the “Three Forms
Of Ventures” reached 284.
