Pneumonia 肺炎
Introduction 介绍
Pneumonia is an inflammation and infection of the lungs. Every year, more than 60,000 Americans die of pneumonia. It can affect any body, but is more dangerous to older adults, infants, and patients with chronic illnesses.
Pneumonia：[nju(:)5mEu]n.[医] 肺炎。单词中首字母p不发音，pneu-表示“气流”，pneumal的意思是“肺的”，-a在医学英语中表示“疾病”；
Inflammation：[7inflE5meiFEn]n. 炎症，发炎。In-表示“处于??状态”，flame表示“火苗”，-ation是动词转换成名词的后缀； Infection：[in5fekFEn]n.[医] 传染，感染；
Chronic：[5krCnik]adj.慢性的，其反义词为acute，急性的。
Preventing pneumonia is always better than treating it. If you do get pneumonia, recognizing its symptoms and treating it early offers the best chance for recovery. Recovery：恢复，治愈。
Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lung. Inflammation is the immune system's normal response to contaminants or injury. Germs such as bacteria or viruses cause inflammation.
Contaminant: [kEn5tAminEnt]n.致污物,污染物，源于动词contaminate，污染； Injury：[5indVEri]n.外伤；
Germ：[dVE:m]n.微生物, 细菌；
Bacteria：[bAk5tiEriE]n.细菌，用作复数，单数形式是bacterium； Virus：[5vaiErEs]n.病毒。
When a person has pneumonia, lung tissue can fill with pus and other fluids. This makes it difficult for oxygen in the alveoli to reach the bloodstream. With pneumonia, a person may have difficulty breathing and have a cough and a fever. lung tissue：肺部组织； pus：[pQs]n.脓；
fluid：[5flu(:)id]n.液体；
alveoli：[Al5viElai]n肺泡，用作复数形式，单数形式是alveolus[Al5viElEs]。
How serious pneumonia is depends on several factors. The overall health of the patient as well as the type and extent of the pneumonia are important. If you are young and healthy, your pneumonia can almost always be treated successfully. But if you have heart failure, lung ailments, or if you are older, your pneumonia may be harder to cure. You are also more likely to develop complications. Some of these complications can be fatal.
Ailment：[5eilmEnt]n.疾病，通常指慢性的消耗性病痛或不适； Fatal：致命的。
There are more than 50 kinds of pneumonia. Bacteria cause bacterial pneumonias. Viruses cause viral pneumonias. Fungi, mycoplasma, and other organism can cause other types of infectious pneumonia. bacterial pneumonia：细菌性肺炎； viral pneumonia：病毒性肺炎； Fungi：[5fQndVai, 5fQN^ai]n.真菌；
Mycoplasma: [7maikEu5plAzmE]n.支原体,支原菌； infectious pneumonia：感染性肺炎。
Pneumonia can affect one or both lungs. When it affects both lungs, it is sometimes called double pneumonia. double pneumonia：双侧性肺炎。
Community-acquired pneumonia refers to pneumonia you acquire from your community, such as at school, work or the gym.
Community-acquired pneumonia：社区获得性肺炎。
Hospital-acquired pneumonia, or nosocomial pneumonia, is a serious pneumonia acquired at a hospital or a healthcare facility. It usually affects patients who are on a mechanical ventilator, in the intensive care unit, or have a compromised immune system.
Hospital-acquired pneumonia：医院获得性肺炎； Nosocomial：[7nCsE5kCmiEl]adj.医院的；
mechanical ventilator：机械通气设备。Ventilate表示“通气，通风”，其中vent表示“出口，排风口”；
intensive care unit：重症监护，简称ICU；
compromised：受损的，源于动词compromise，折中，妥协。
Symptoms 症状
There are many symptoms of pneumonia, and some of them, like a cough or a sore throat, are associated with many other common infections. Often, people get pneumonia after they've had the flu or an upper respiratory tract infection like a cold.
upper respiratory tract：上呼吸道。
