19.
20.
I am only too pleased to do business with you discourage discouraging discouraged It's very discouraging to be sneered at all time I was never discouraged against learning English affect affecting affected
She is constantly under pressure and it is affecting her health She has also been affected, but to a lesser degree
3.Pardon me,could you please tell me where to park my car?对不起，你能告诉我在哪里停车吗？
句中Pardon me意为“对不起”，具体用法如下： （1）表示道歉，意为“对不起”
---Pardon me，I suppose I should have knocked. ---That?s all right.
（2）表示没听清或没听懂对方的话，请求对方再说一遍（也说I beg your pardon/Pardon等，注意说时用升调），意为“请再说一遍；对不起，我没听清”。
---Where?s the post office? ---Pardon me? ---I asked where the post office was.
（3）用于提出异议之前，意为“对不起”。Pardon me, but this is my coat. （4）用来引起对方注意，意为“对不起；打扰一下；请问”。 Pardon me，may I disturb you a minute?
例：---Open the window please,Mike? ---________? I didn?t hear what you said.
A.What B.Pardon C.Really D.All right
重点难点全解 疑问词引导的宾语从句 ① 宾语从句的连接词
特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，从句的连接词由该特殊疑问句的疑问词充当。特殊疑问句的疑问词通常有疑问代词what,which,who,whose和疑问副词where,when,why,how等。 He wondered what had happened to her. Could you tell me how I can get to the hospital?
② 宾语从句的语序
特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，不管主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句都是用“连词+陈述句语序的句子”，句末是否用问号由主句来定。主句是陈述句时，句末用句号；主句是疑问句时，句末用问号。
Where does Mr.Liu live?Do you know?---Do you know where Mr.Liu lives?
易错易混全解 1.Excuse me, I?m sorry与I beg your pardon
三者都有“对不起，请原谅”的意思，但用法有区别。 （1）下列情景中要用Excuse me：
① 向别人问路、问时间时。 Excuse me! Where are the washrooms? ② 当你询问别人是否准许你做某事时。 Excuse me！Can I put my bike here? ③ 当你向别人打听某人（某事）时或当你要证实对方是不是某人 时。 ---Excuse me！Are you Mr.Black? ---No,I?m not.
（2）I?m sorry常用来表示自己犯了某种过错，也可表示“遗憾”，如对别人的不幸有所表示或不满足对方的要求等。
I?m sorry for giving you so much trouble. （3）I beg your pardon可用于（正式场合）：
① 做错事而道歉（比I?m sorry更正式，也可说pardon me） ② 谈话中提出异议之前
③ 没听清对方的话，希望对方重复一遍时（可说pardon me或pardon，可用问号，说时用升调）
④ 用来引起地方的注意
I beg your pardon for coming late. I beg your pardon, is this your handbag? 2.问路和指路的常用句型：
（1）向别人问路时，可以用一般疑问句提出，也可用特殊疑问句提问。常用的表达方式 有：
① Is there a...near here? ② Where is...? ③ How can I get to...? ④ Which is the way to...? ⑤ Can you tell me the way to...? ⑥ Can you tell me how I get to...? 出于礼貌，应先说Excuse me，然后再提问。 （2）为别人指路时，可以用以下句子：
① Go/Walk along this road/street.沿着这条路走。
② Take the first turning on the left/right.在第一个拐弯处左转/右转。
③ It?s about...meter(s) from here.大约离这儿有??米。
指路时，要根据对方问路时所用的句型恰当地作出回答。如果知道，可以指点方向；如果不知道，可以说：I?m sorry.I don?t know.这时问路者仍应有礼貌地向对方表示谢意，说thank you all the same.还是要谢谢你。
---Excuse me.Where is the bookshop,please? ---Sorry,I don?t know. ---Thank you all the same. 3.at,beside,by与near
(1)at“靠近”，往往意为着有目的、有意识的靠近，而by,beside,near只意味着“靠近”。 He sat at the desk.He wanted to read.
(2)beside“在。。。旁边”；by(=just at t he side of)“就在。。。旁边”。两者一般可通用。但by比beside语气较强些，并多用于日常用语中。 There is a hospital beside/by the river. 注意：指“在某人身边”时，多用beside。 The little boy is standing beside his mother.
(3)near“在。。。附近”或“离。。。不远”，它表示的距离要比by/beside表示的距离远些。 We live near the sea.(表示离海边有些距离) We live by/beside the sea.(表示海就在身边)
重点短语：
1.turn left 向左转 2. get a pair of shoes 买一双鞋子 3. on one’ s right 在某人的右边 4. go along Main Street 沿着主大街走 5.have dinner 吃饭 6.go to the third floor 去三楼 7.go past the bookstore 走过书店 8.a room for resting 休息室 9.be special about.. . 有??独特之处 10. pardon me 请再说一次 11. come on 过来;加油 12. hold one’s hand 抓住某人的手 13. one one? s way to... 在去??.的路上 14. pass by 路过 15. a rock band 摇滚乐队 16.something to eat 一些吃的东西 17.mail a letter 寄信 18.in the shopping center 在购物中心 19.in some situations 在某些场合 20.such as 例如 21.lead in to a request 引人一个请求 22.use proper language 使用合适的语言 23. park one’ s car 停车 24.an underground parking lot地下停车库 25. change money 换钱 26.the way to... 去??的路 27. thank sb. for doing sth. 为??感谢某人28. look forward to?.期盼?? 29. meet sb. for the first time 第一次见到某人30.in a rush to do sth. 仓促地做某事 31. be convenient to do sth. 做某事很方便
功能句型：
1. not…until…You never know until you try something. 凡事只有亲身经历了才能了解。
2. It seems (that)…It seems a rock band plays there every evening. 那里好像每天晚上都有乐队演奏。
3.—do you know...Excuse me, do you know where I can buy some medicine?打扰了，请问哪里能买到药？
4. Could you please tell me... ?Could you please tell me how to get to the post office? 你能告诉我去邮局怎么走吗？
5.I wonder...I wonder where we should go next.我想知道接下来该去哪里。 6.sb. suggest+ 从句The clerk suggests they go to the... museum. 工作人员建议他们去??博物馆。
Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark.
课文知识点梳理
1. He used to be really short. 他原来很矮。 · 基本用法
