从句(四) 状语从句(二) 一、知识点梳理 3、原因状语从句
引导原因状语从句的连词有：because , since , as , now that , seeing that , considering that , in that ? 。
⑴ because , as , since 的区分
① because 表示原因的语气最强，它引导的从句一般置于主句之后。
since 和 as 表示的原因对于讲话对象很可能是已知的，或是句中不重要的部分。 【eg】Jim is trying to find a place of his own because he wants to live independently.
Jim在设法找一个属于他自己的住处，因为他想独立生活。
Since you cannot finish this task yourself , ask Tom to help you.
既然你不能独立完成这项任务，就向 Tom 寻求帮助吧。
② because 可用来回答 why 的问题，也可以在强调句中做被强调的成分。 since 和 as 无这两种用法。
【eg】-Why did not you come to my birthday party last night? -Because I was not feeling well.
-你昨晚怎么没来我的生日晚会啊？ -因为我感觉不太舒服。
It is because you are careless that you have failed the experiment. 正因为你粗心你才实验失败。
③ 当说明原因时，because 任何时候都可以代替 since 和as ； 反之，since 和 as 不一定能代替 because 。
⑵ now that 相当于 since ； that 可省略。
【eg】Now ( that ) / Since everyone has come , let`s begin our class. 既然大家都到了，我们开始上课吧。
now that 表示原因的同时，也可以表示时间意义，所以主句和从句动词所表示的时间必须一致，否则不能用 now that 引导。
⑶ seeing that , considering that , in that 的区别：
三个词组在通常情况下可以交换使用，但前两个 that 可以省略 ，最后一个不可。 in that 多出现在主句之后。
【eg】Considering ( that ) he is only a beginner , he has done qiute well. 考虑到他只是个初学者，他已经做得很好了。
Seeing ( that ) she is so tired , she is unlikely to go out with us. 由于她很累了，她大概不会跟我们一块儿出去了。
We all like this teacher in that she is very kind to every student. 我们都很喜欢这个老师，因为她对每个学生都很好。
⑷ not that ? but that ? = not because ? but because ? （不是因为?而是因为?）
【eg】She has not written to us for a long time , not that she forgot , but that
she kept busy these days.
她很久没给我们写信了，不是因为她忘了，而是因为这些天她一直很忙。
4、结果状语从句
引导结果状语从句的连词有：so / such ? that , so that , with the result that ?
⑴ so / such ? that
① so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。 so 的用法： so + 形容词/副词 ； so + 形容词 + a / an + 单数名词 ；so many / few
+ 可数名词的复数形式 ；so + much / little + 不可数名词
② such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组。
such 的用法： such + a / an （ + 形容词 ）+ 单数名词 ； such ( + 形容词 ）+ 复
数名词 ；such ( + 形容词 ） + 不可数名词
【eg】The wolf was so foolish that it was caught by the farmer.
那只狼很笨，被农夫捉住了。
This is so beautiful a flower that every passer-by stops to watch it. =This is such a beautiful flower that every passer-by stops to watch it. 这是如此漂亮的一朵花以至于每个人都驻足欣赏一番。
There were such a lot of people that I could not see you from the other side. 人太多了，我从另一边看不到你。
③ such ? that 中 that 可省略
【eg】They are such good students ( that ) the teachers like them very much.
他们都是好学生，老师很喜欢他们。
⑵ so that 常译为“结果”、“所以”，引导的从句常用逗号与主句隔开。
【eg】He was very luxurious , so ( that ) before long he spent all his money and
became a beggar.
他很浪费，结果不久就花光了所有的钱，成了乞丐。
It was vey cold outside , ( so ) that there were few people on the street. 外边很冷，因此街上人很少。
⑶ with the result （所以，结果是）
【eg】I just come to this city , with a result that I do not know many places here. 我刚来这个城市，所以这里的很多地方我都不知道。
⑷ ? be such that ? 句型，表示程度高。
【eg】His strength was such that he could move this huge stone. 他力气非常大，能搬动这块巨石。
5、目的状语从句
引导时间状语从句的连词有：so , that , so that , in order that , to the end that ,
in case , for fear ( that ), lest ?
⑴ so that ( that 可省略）
in order that (表精心策划的目的，通常可与 so that 互换） to the end that （用法与 so that , in order that 同）
【eg】He listened attentively so that he might not miss a single word. 他注意倾听以便不错过一个字眼。
He slept very early last night in order that / so that he could catch the early
bus.
为了赶上早班车，他昨晚睡得很早。
He spoke in a very loud voice to the end that others could hear him. 他很大声地说话，以便其他人可以听到。
⑵ for fear ( that ) ,lest （以免）
【eg】We issued these instruction in writing , for fear ( that ) a spoken message
might be misunderstood.
我们以书面形式发放这些指示，以免口头信息被误解。
He ate a lot for lunch lest he might feel hungry before dinner. 他午饭吃了很多，以免还没到晚饭时间就饿了。
⑶ in case （以防），从句可以使用一般现在时表将来，一般过去时表过去的将来。 in case 从句可以使用 should ，且 should 有时可以省略。
【eg】Take off your coat inside the room in case you get a cold when you go out. 在屋里把外套脱掉，以免出去的时候感冒。
She took an umbrella with her in case it rained. 她带了一把雨伞，以防下雨。
You`d better prepare two copies in case you ( should ) lose one. 你最好准备两份，以防弄丢一份。
in case 也可以被看作是副词性短语，表示“以防万一”，一般置于句末。 【eg】The baby is easy to be woken up. Turn down the radio in case.
孩子很容易吵醒。以防万一，把收音机声音调小点儿吧。
⑷ 当主句和从句的主语一致时，目的状语从句可用 so as to , in order to 等不定式代替。
【eg】We must investigate the world in order that we can control it. =We must investigate the world in order to control it.
我们要调查研究，以便控制这个世界。
二、例题 1、（ ）______ your daughter has not come back , let me take you to the Friendship Hospital.
A When B Since C That D For
2、（ ）______ Tom is not feeling well today , he has to stay at home. A Though B For C Finding D As 3、（ ）They are ______ hard-working students that they have already made ______ much progress since thay came here.
A so ; so B such ; such C so ; such D such ; so 4、（ ）______ we have finished the book we shall start doing some exercises. A For now B Since now C Now that D Since now 5、（ ）He asked us not to be noisy ______ we should wake the baby. A in cse B in the case C in case of D in this case
三、巩固练习 1、（ ）______ you are familiar with the auther`s ideas , by reading all the sections as quickly as you can.
A Ever since B As long as C So that D Now that 2、（ ）The boy has to learn ______ things that he hardly has time for play. A so many B such many C so few D such few 3、（ ）In the old days the poor worker worked long hours every day ______ he could support his whole family.
A because B though C unless D so that 4、（ ）Tell him that I will call him back , ______ he gives me a call. A in most cases B in case C in any case D in case of 5、（ ）______ you have reminded me , I will try to be a teacher. A Now then B So that
C Now that D In order that
6、（ ）You will have to study for many years ______ you may become a brain surgeon. A in order that B in that C although D so key
1~5 BDDCA 1~6 DADBCA
