1996年01月语法题
1. 1. Sociologists have long recognized that social tension _____.
(A) (A) elements from group living. (B) (B) elements of a normal group life (C) (C) living are a group of elements. (D) (D) are normal elements of group life 答案：D
分析：空格前有从句引导词和从句主语，空格处缺从句谓语，故首先排除(A)和(B)。(C)结构混乱，无法与从句连接，故也排除。
翻译参考:社会学家很久以前已经意识到社会压力是群体生活中的正常因素。
2. 2. _____ have a very keen sense of hearing, although most do not hear sounds
audible to the human ear. (A)While some insects do (B) Some insects which (C)Some insects (D)That some insects. 答案：C
分析：逗号前为动宾结构，逗号后为从句，空格处缺主句主语，(A)、(B)、(D)均使主句变为从句，故选(C)。
翻译参考: 一些昆虫有非常敏锐的听觉，尽管它们中的大多数听不到那些人类的耳朵可以听到的声响。
3. 3. Although both political parties wanted Dwight D. Eisenhower as their presidential
nominee in 1952, he became a Republican candidate and _____. (A)President was electing (B) was elected President (C)to elect the President (D)being elected president. 答案：B 分析：空格前是并列连词and，空格处显然缺并列成分。(A)中及物动词elect后缺宾语，(C)、(D)找不到相应的并列成分，故选(B)。
翻译参考:虽然两个政党在1952年都想要Dwight D. Eisenhower成为它们的总统候选人，他还是成为共和党候选人并被选举为总统。
4. 4. If an act is rewarded many times, immediately and with strong reinforces, it will
rapidly become _____. (A)a habit
(B) into a habit
(C)that which a habit (D)a habit can be 答案：A
分析：空格前是系动词,空格处缺表语。(B)中into为多余介词，(C)中多从句引导词；(D)中多谓语动词，故选(A)。
翻译参考:如果一种行为被奖励多次，立即地并通过奖励刺激，它将很快成为一种习惯。
5. 5. Giant pandas resemble bears in shape and in _____.
(A)it is a slow, clumsy way to walk (B) the slow, clumsy way they walk (C)they walk in a slow, clumsy way (D)their slow walk is clumsy. 答案：B
分析：空格前有并列连词and和介词in，空格处缺名词作介词in的宾语。(A)、(C)、(D)均为句子，但都没有从句引导词．故选(B)
翻译参考:大熊猫在外形以及缓慢、笨拙的行走方式上都类似于熊。
6. 6. _____ temperature at which air holds as much water vapor as it can is called the
dew point. (A)It is the (B) Is the (C)As the (D)The 答案：D
分析：空格后为结构完整的句子，空格处缺主语修饰语。(A)、(B)均含谓语动词，不能直接修饰名词，排除，(C)中as为从句引导词，使整个句子变为从句，故也排除。(D)为定冠词修饰名词，故选(D)。
翻译参考:使空气含有饱和水汽量时的温度称为露点。
7. 7. The earring is one of the oldest known ornaments and _____ pieces of stone, bone,
or shell.
(A)was from originally from (B) was made originally from (C)originally made was from (D)from originally made was 答案：B
分析：空格前为并列连词and，四个选项用词相同，但词序不一样，根据平行原则，正确选项为(B)。
翻译参考: 耳环是已知的最古老的饰品之一，最初由石块、骨头和贝壳制成。
8. 8. No one knows exactly _____.
(A)how did speech begin (B) how speech began
(C)how the beginning of speech (D)of how beginning speech. 答案：B
分析：空格前为主句，四个选项中均有引导从句的词how，可知空格处缺从句。(A)语序不
对，(C)、(D)缺从句谓语动词，故排除。(B)为how引导宾语从句，结构完整，故选(B)。 翻译参考:没有人确切地知道演讲该如何开始。
9. 9. _____ mechanical device has ever been invented that can satisfactorily replace
teasel flower heads for raising the nap on cloth. (A)No
(B) Not the (C)Never has a (D)There is no 答案：A
分析：空格后为主谓完整的句子，空格处缺主语修饰语。(C)、(D)多谓语动词，可以先排除，(B)中not为副词，不能直接修饰名词，故选(A)。
翻译参考:没有机器曾被发明用来令人满意地取代起绒刺果在织物上制作绒面。
10. 10. Even as a girl, _____ to be her life, and theater audiences were to be her best
teachers.
(A)performances by Fanny Brice were
(B) it was known that Fanny Brice's performances were (C)audiences knew that Fanny Brice's performances were (D)Fanny Brice knew that performing was 答案：D
分析：从空格前的状语可判断出主句主语为指人的名词，故正确选项为(D)。 翻译参考:在她还是一个小女孩的时候，Fanny Brice已经知道表演将要成为她的生命，而观众将成为她最好的老师。
11. 11. _____ the diffusion of heat upward to the Earth's surface, the temperature within
the Earth remains constant. (A)That (B) Despite (C)If (D)When 答案：B
分析：逗号后为结构完整的句子，空格后为名词短语，空格处不可能是从句引导词，故排除(A)、(C)、(D)。
翻译参考:尽管向地球表面有热传递，地球内部的温度一直保持恒定。
12. 12. Noise in a room may be reduced by carpeting, draperies, and upholstered
furniture, _____ absorb sound. (A)which they all (B) of them all (C)all of which (D)of all which 答案：C
分析：空格前为主句，空格后为动宾结构，空格处缺从句引导词和从句主语。(A)中多主语
they，因为which同时作主语，(B)没有从句引导词，(D)为介词短语，不能做主语，故选C。 翻译参考:房间中的噪音可能因为地毯、帷帐、布饰家具而减弱，这些都会吸收声音。
13. 13. _____ devised to lessen the drudgery of washing clothes that origin of the washing
machine is unclear.
(A)Were the inventions so numerous (B) The inventions so numerous (C)So numerous were the inventions
(D)The inventions that were so numerous 答案：C
分析：由信号词that可知空格处有so一词并构成主句。(A)缺主语．(B)缺谓语动词，因为devised是过去分词，不能单独作谓语，(D)中多从句引导词that，故三个选项均可排除。(C)中so加形容词放在句首，后面有倒装的主谓结构配合，符合英语表达习惯，故选(C)。 翻译参考:被设计用来减轻洗衣服这种苦差事的发明是如此众多以至于洗衣机的起因已经不明确了。
14. 14. Of the thousands of varieties of bird species in North America, _____ bright red
plumage, like the cardinal, are most often designated as state bird. (A)those that have (B) who have (C)which have (D)to have their 答案：A
分析：空格前为状语，空格处缺主语。(B)、(C)均不能作主语，(D)不定式作主语时谓语动词一般用单数形式，而句中谓语动词是复数形式are，故正确答案为(A)。
翻译参考:北美洲上千个品种的鸟类中，那些有鲜红色羽毛的品种，比如主红雀，通常被指定为州鸟。
15. 15. _____ as a territory in 1854 and admitted as a state in 1861, Kansas is at the
geographical center of the United States. (A)By organizing
(B) Because organized (C)Organized
(D)He had organized 答案：C
分析：逗号后为结构完整的句子，逗号前应该是句子的状语。organize为及物动词，后面没有宾语，故首先排除主动语态形式(A)、(D)。(B)缺从句主语和构成被动语态的助动词，故正确答案为(C)。此题还可以运用平行原则解答，and后面是过去分词加介词短语，前面也应该是过去分词加介词短语。
翻译参考:于1854年组成领地，并在1861年被承认为州，堪萨斯州是美国的地理中心。
16. 16. Before pioneers cleared the land for farms, cities, and road, forests covered about
A B C 40 percent of what is now the state of Illinois.
