英语专业四级考试
Ⅵ.写作
一、大纲要求：
Ⅵ.写作(Part Ⅵ: Writing) 1.测试要求:
(a)作文:能根据所给的作文题目、提纲或图表、数据等，写一篇200个单词左右的作文。能做到内容切题、完整，条理清楚，结构严谨，语法正确，语言通顺，表达得体。考试时间35分钟。 (b)便条:能根据所给提示写50至60个单词的便条、通知、请贴等。能做到格式正确，语言得体。考试时间10分钟。 2.测试形式:
本部分分为主观试题，分两节:Section A和Section B。 Section A: Composition
本题是命题作文，文章体裁主要属于说明文、议论文或记叙文的范围。 Section B: Note-Writing 本节是写便条。 3.测试目的:
按照《大纲》的要求测试学生书面表达的能力。
评分标准共有以下七条：
(1)文章内容切题、丰富，文章通顺，表达清楚。
(2)行文流畅。
(3)组织严密，逻辑性强。 (4)句型多样化，句法结构正确。 (5)用词得体、恰当、丰富。 (6)语法正确。
(7)拼写及标点正确，书写整洁。
专四作文评分标准
14-15分 内容切题,完整,条理清楚,文章结构严谨,语法正确,语言通顺恰当,句式 用词富有变化,有\闪光点\基本无语言错误.
11-13分 内容切题,完整,条理清楚,文章结构严谨,语法正确,语言通顺恰当,少量语法错误
8-10分 内容基本切题,完整, 条理基本清楚,文章结构基本严谨,语法基本正确,语言基本通顺恰当.少量严重错误,一些词使用不当.
5-7分 内容基本切题,完整, 条理不够清楚,教明显的母语痕迹.较多语言错误,许多词使用不当.
2-4分 内容偏题,不完整,思路混乱,语句不完整,只有少数句子可以理解,词汇拼写错误严重.
本次模拟考试中作文部分出现的问题： 1. 有些学生时间分配不合理，可能是时间来不及了，没有写便条。建议考试的时候先写便条，再写大作文。
2. 写大作文的时候，有些学生没有仔细审题，本来题目要求第二部分写文化差异的解决方式，有些学生写的是出现文化差异的原因。
3. 文章结构不合理。题目要求文章第一部分写处理文化差异的必要性。有些同学文章的第二部分还在写处理文化差异的必要性，第三部分才写两句关于如何处理文化差异，就当文章的结尾部分了。主次不分，文章重心偏离。
4. 有些学生的作文语法错误太多，句式过于复杂导致表述不清楚。建议背诵一些比较经典的句型，考试的时候套用。
5. 文章的第二部分条理不清楚。一般来说这部分是重心，需要条理很清楚，要适当使用一些接续词。
专四作文考前英语高分作文常用典型句型
一、 用于驳斥的比较的常用句型 1. In general，I don’t agree with...
2. In my opinion， this point of view doesn’t hold water. 3. The chief reason why...， is that... 4. There is no doubt that... 5. It is not true that...
6. It can be easily denied that...
7. We have no reason to believe that... 8. What is more serious is that... 9. But it is a pity that...
10. Besides， we should not neglect that...
11. But the problem is not so simple. Therefore....
12. Others may find this to be true， but I believe that... 13. Perhaps I will question why...
14. There is a certain amount of truth in this， but we still have a problem with regard to... 15. Though we are in basic agreement with...， but... 16. What seems to be the trouble is...
17. Yet differences will be found， that’s why I feel that...
18. It would be reasonable to take the view that...， but it would be foolish to claim that... 19. There is in fact no reason for us to believe that... 20. What these people fail to consider is that...
21. It is one thing to insist that...， it is quite another to show that... 22. Wonderful as A is， however， it has its own disadvantages too. 23. The advantages of B are much greater than A.
24. As advantage sounds ridiculous when B，s advantages
二、 用于描写图表和数据的常用句型
1. It has increased by three times as compared with that of 1998. 2. There is an increase of 20% in total this year. 3. It has been increased by a factor of 4 since 1995. 4. It would be expected to increase 5 times.
5. The table shows a three times increase over that of last year. 6. It was decreased twice than that of the year 1996. 7. The total number was lowered by 10%.
8. It rose from 10 -15 percent of the total this year.
9. Compared with 1997， it fell from 15 to 10 percent. 10. The number is 5 times as much as that of 1995.
11. It has decreased almost two and half times， compared with...
三、解释原因、分析影响的常用句型及例句说明 1. Everybody knows that... 2. It can be easily proved that... 3. It is true that...
4. No one can deny that...
5. One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is... 6. The chief reason is that... 7. We must recognize that... 8. There is no doubt that... 9. I am of the opinion that...
10. This can be expressed as follows: 11. To take..， for an example ....
12. We have reason to believe that... 13. Now that we know that...
14. Among the most convincing reasons given， one should be mentioned... 15. The change in... largely results from the fact that...
16. There are several causes for this significant growth in...， first ....
second...， finally...
17. A number of factors could account for the development in... 18. Perhaps the primary reason is... 19. It is chiefly responsible for...
20. The reasons for..， are complicated. And probably they are found in the fact... 21. There are several possible reasons， except that... 22. Somebody believes/ argues/ holds/ insists/ thinks that...
23. It is not simple to give the reason for this complicated phenomenon... 24. Different people observes it in different ways. 例句说明
1. There are many (different/several) reasons for this change (decrease/growth) of... For one thing，...For another，.... ，In addition，...
例:There are several reasons for his decision of studying law. For one thing， he is very interested in social affairs and it seems the best way to enable him to engage in these activities. For another， his father is a lawyer， who has always encouraged him to do something similar. In addition， he is sure that he can get a job after graduation. 2. A number of factors contribute to (something/doing)—. ...... and...
例: A number of factors contribute to changing moral values--self-indulgence， the lack of social consciousness and the degeneration of the society itself. 3. We may
(regard/think of/take/consider)
the (phenomenon/decrease/development) as a (n) (sign/evidence/symbol) of...，but the truth is that...
例：We may take the change as a sign of social development， but the truth is that it will only lead to social corruption. 4. The explanation for the phenomenon of ... involves many (different/complicated) factors. 例:The explanation for the phenomenon of the rising teenage suicide rate involves many complicated factors. Some attribute the rise to an overemphasis on early success， others point to mounting peer pressure， and still others to confusion over changing social values.
5. The reasons for ... are many， but for the most part center on... 例:The reasons for poverty are many， but for the most part center on illiteracy， the lack of opportunities and in some cases pure laziness.
四、有关文章、段落起始的常用句型
I. With the (rapidly) growing popularity of Internet surfing ( computers /cars/mobile phones/pagers/.PDP television/... ) in China， the quality of our lives is improving for the better.
2. With the (rapid) growth of our economy ( heavy industries/transportation system/market economy/population/private enterprises/housing industry/... )， an increasing number of problems， such as (water shortages/traffic jams/industrial pollution/ waste of energy/desert spreading/... )， are beginning to surface.
3. As the proverb says... ( It goes without saying that... /Generally speaking，... /It is often said that... )
4. With the (rapid) development of science and technology ( market economy/electronic industry/information industry/higher education/...) an increasing number of people come to realize that (knowledge is power/a weak nation has no International prestige/education is of vital importance/...).
5. Currently， there is a widespread concern over drug abuse (high unemployment rate/wildlife extinction/environmental pollution/desertification/organized crime/widespread corruption/energy crisis/water shortages/traffic jams/increasing traffic accidents/... ).
6. It is quite clear that (Them is no doubt that/ Some people believe that)..， because...
7. There is a wide spread concern that many large state-owned companies are in deficit (quite a few Chinese cities face the problem of water shortages， industrial pollution and waste of energy/various kind of superstition flare up/... )
8. The government is (We are) seriously concerned with wildlife extinction (drug abuse/widespread corruption/organized crimes/high unemployment rate/...).
9. Many people often ask such question:”...’? ( More and more people have come to realize...)
10. In the past two decades ( In the past five years)， millions of private enterprises( private schools/supermarkets/fast food restaurants/... ) have mushroomed all over China.
11. In recent years， many Chinese families have owned cars (computers/mobile phones/video cameras/houses/... ).
12. Recently the issue of... has been brought to public attention. (Currently there is a widespread concern that... /Now people in growing number are coming to realize that... )
13. Nowadays， a heated debate (discussion) about the accession to WTO (private cars/stocks/brain-drain/Chinas football/... ) is under way in China.
14. As the market economy (the legal system/the living standard/the higher education system/the highway network/the infrastructure/...) improves in China， free competition will increasingly replace all sorts of monopolies. 15. One great man said that...
16. As the public awareness of the market economy (population control/socialism and communism/wildlife preservation/environmental protection/higher education/human rights/anti-monopoly/creativity/competition/laws and regulations/...) heightens， the gap between China and the developed countries will gradually vanish (many social problems will be solved gradually).
17. Recently， extensive studies (statistics/surveys/investigations/...) show (reveal/indicate/demonstrate/prove/...) that 107 Chinese cities and 1231 small towns suffer water shortages.
18. These days we often tell that...， but is this really the case?
19. There are three major values of owning a car (a computer/an apartment/a mobile phone/a beeper/...). To begin with .... Next .... Last ....
There are， on the other hand， more reasons against it. First (ly)... Second (ly) ....
