翻译技巧及应用（七）
25. Pictographic Translation
E.g. 太和殿建在“工”字型须弥座上。 远近闻名的绍兴八字桥
丁字形、井字形、八字桥
(1) The triangular area of land built up at the mouth of the Nile looked like the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet delta (△) and so this was the name thay gave it. (2) The word is now used for all areas of land formed at the mouth of rivers which flow into tideless seas, even when they are not triangular in shape.
Crossing the curious “S-shaped” bridge , we reach the great Fangetarnet, a Renaissance tower which opens up access to the second island, and to the delightful quadrilateral countyard.
26. Translation of Popular Sayings E.g.桂林山水甲天下。 上有天堂，下有苏杭。
早采三天是个宝，迟采三天路边草。 天下西湖三十六，就中最好是杭州。
大肚能容容天下难容之事；开口便笑笑天下可笑之人。
(1) In America, “rolling stones gather no moss,” in China, they gather no inscriptions. (2) But Sunlight Rock, like any Chinese rock that sits still long enough, is covered with calligraphic inscriptions – over 80, in fact, the most famous being “Heroic Spirit of South Fujian Sea”, a eulogy to Koxinga.
(1) Paris: the Seine, the Eiffel Tower, the Louvre. (2) An old saying says: All around Paris there is France, meaning that what matters in France is in Paris: the power, the beauty, the elegance.
27. Reorganizing
E.g. (1) At the southern terminus of the Grand Canal and amid a region known as the “land of fish and rice” is (2) Hangzhou, (3) the imperial capital during the Southern Song period (1127-1279). (4) The centre-piece of (5) the city’s seductive landscape is (6) West Lake, (7) a shadow man-made reservoir, (8) the creation and alteration of which (9) owes much to the efforts of some of China’s great poets. (10) As officials, (11) both Bai juyi in the ninth century and Su Dongpo in the eleventh century (12) built sea walls, dykes, causeways, and bridges as well as restored pagodas and temples.
(1) What he would find missing is (2) what outsiders find oppressive and distasteful about New York – (3) its rawness, tension, urgency; its bracing competitiveness; the rigor of its judgment; and the congested, democratic presence of so many other New Yorkers, encased in their own world.
（1）在四川西部，有一美妙去处。（2）它背依岷山主峰雪宝顶，树木苍翠，花香袭人，鸟声婉转，流水潺潺。（3）它就是松潘县的黄龙。
28. Repetition
E.g.This waterside town is old but not living in the past.
住在杭州，游在杭州，学在杭州，创业在杭州。
(1) With the improvement of living conditions, people desire more and more complicated life styles and their travel expectations become more complex. (2) Some people travel in order to satisfy their travel need for culture and learning; some for strengthening their bodies or relieving mental stress, some for making new friends and others for enhaning personal reputation, and so on.
(1) The changing of the Queen’s guard is another of the royal tradition. (2) There are two places in which the ceremonies take olace. (3) One ceremony is in front of Buckingham Palace. (4) The other is Whitehall. (5) Both take place at eleven a.m. week days and at ten on Sundays.
海水朝朝朝朝朝朝朝落 浮云长长长长长长长消
课后练习：
Why not take home a lasting symbol of your Hong Kong trip? Hong Kong shops stock a huge variety of porcelain products and bone china imported from various provinces in China’s mainland. Available in co-ordinated sets or as single items, the colours, patterns, and figures of Chinese tableware represent blessings and celebrations in Chinese culture. A pair of bowls and two pairs of chopsticks, for example, are perfect gifts for newlyweds, offering the blessing of a bountiful life together. You’ll find Chinese tableware in Chinese department stores, specialty shops and street outlets all over the city.
翻译技巧及应用（八）
29. Shift of Perspective
E.g. (1) The United States Capitol, as political center of the US government and geographic center of Washington DC itself, sit atop a hill overlooking the National Mall. (2) The building is accessible by guided tours, which visit the dramatic Rotunda and the old Supreme Court chamber. (3) The tour ends downstairs in the Crypt, which has exhibits on the Capitol’s history.
(1) Greenland offers adventures of ice and snow like nowhere else on this planet. (2) The ice cap – up to three kilometers thick – covers an area 14 times the size of England. (3) You’ll experience icebergs almost everywhere in Greenland.
古代的造园者都有很高的文化修养，能诗善画，造园时多以画为本，以诗为题，通过凿池堆山、栽花种树，创造出具有诗情画意的景观，被称作“无声的诗，立体的话”。
30. Simplification
E.g. （1）用您的爱心保护公园环境 （2）依依小草，踏之何忍
（3）珍惜文物古迹，勿乱刻乱涂乱张贴
在中国一提到孔子，上至白发苍苍的老人，下至天真幼稚的顽童，无人不知，无人不晓。
(1)You can bring ￡145 worth of all other goods including gifts and souvenirs. (2) If you bring in something worth more than ￡145 you may pay charges on the full value, not just the excess value above ￡145. (3) This limit does npt apply to personal effects to be used on your journey such as clothing, toiletries, jewellery and other articles of a clearly personal nature.
(1) Driving into California’s Sequoia National Park is like stepping back in time; the rugged forest is crowded with large fir trees and tall Lodgepole pines ... (2) But they all look like punny twigs compared to the giant sequoia. (3) Sequoias fascinates people. (4) They fascinate people by their size. (5) They fascinate people by their age. (6) Thay simply exceed human dimensions.
31. Specification
E.g. (1) The Northern lights are poetry, and they are nature’s light show. (2) They are elementary particle physics, superstition, mythology and fairy tales. (3) The northern lights have filled people with wonder and inspired artists; (4) they have frightened people to think that the end is at hand.
(1) Built from 7000 tons of iron and soaring 300 meters in the Parisian sky, the Eiffel Tower is the greatest engeering feat of the 19th century. (2) It is considered by many to be the most beautiful structure of the world and is the number-one tourist destination of Paris.
“幻彩咏香江”已列入健力士世界纪录，成为全球“最大型灯光音乐汇演”。
中国民居，种类繁多，如北京的四合院......福建土楼......云南傣族主楼......
32. Subordination
E.g. A wealth of variety awaits the visitor to Virginia, from the Chesapeake Bay, the largest and most biologically productive estuary in North America, to the Blue Ridge, one of the world’s oldest mountain ranges.
Ocean-going cruise ships make regular stops, while scheduled flights link Vancouver, Seattle and Victoria International Airports.
（1）东方明珠广播电视塔位于黄浦江畔、浦东陆家嘴嘴尖上，塔高468米，三面环水，与外滩的万国建筑博览群隔江相望，是亚洲 第一、世界第三的高塔。（2）设计者富于幻想地将11个大小不一、高低错落的球体从蔚蓝的空中串联至如茵的绿色草地上，而两颗红宝石般晶莹夺目的巨大球体被高高托起，整个画面浑然一体，充满了“大珠小珠落玉盘”的诗情画意。
