3代词

2026/1/27 5:29:19

代 词

Name:__________ Date:__________

【内容解读】

1.人称代词、物主代词的用法

2.指示代词及其单复数 3.不定代词用法

4.反身代词的人称和数的变化 5.正确运用关系代词和疑问代词 【能力解读】

在正确运用各类代词的基础上,重点掌握①物主代词②不定代词③反身代词;并能在题干所提示

的语境和逻辑中灵活运用. 【命题趋势】

1.近五年中考对代词的考查重点在不定代词,物主代词,反身代词和关系代词。以单独选择题,填词题或完形填空等形式出现,所占分值为2-5分。

2.命题趋势将是在情景交际中考查以上种类代词的基本用法。 【突破方法】

1.对不定代词的考查几乎是历年常考题,所以考生一定要弄清不定代词所指的确切含义及应用场合。 2.物主代词要分清形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的区别,形容词性物主代词只能作定语,修饰名词,而名词性物主代词起名词作用,后面不能接名词。 3.反身代词必须与被指代的人在人称和数上保持一致。

4.重点掌握几组易混词。

【知识清单】

【常考知识清单一】

人称代词、物主代词和反身代词。

类别 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 人称代词 主格 I you he she it 宾格 me you him her it 物主代词 形容词性 名词 my mine your yours his his her hers its its 反身代词 myself yourself himself herself itself 单数 注意: 1.人称代词放在动词、介词后面作宾语时,一定要用其宾格形式。 Miss Brown will teach (我们) English next term.

They are new here, Lucy. Show (他们) the way to the reading-room, please. 2.当几个不同的人称代词作主语时,排列顺序通常是:

单数为:you, he/she and I 即你、他/她、我(二三一人称单数顺序) 复数为:we, you and they即我们、你们、他们/她们(一二三人称复数顺序)

3.形容词性物主代词在句中作定语修饰名词,一般不单独使用;名词性物主代词常用来避免前面已提及的名词。在含义上“形容词性物主代词+名词”相当于“名词性物主代词”

My idea is quite different from (she). One of (she) friends will go to America for further study. —This is my dictionary. Where is (you)? —It’s over there, on the bed.

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4.名词性物主代词可用在of后面作定语,相当于“of+名词所有格”,表示带有部分概念或有一定

的感情色彩。

He is .(我的一位朋友)

5.反身代词在实际运用中,可构成许多固定词组。 teach oneself 自学 help oneself随便吃

疑问代词的用法 疑问代词 Who Whom Whose 主要用法 主语、表语、宾语(作宾语时在口语中不能放在介词后) (who的宾格形式作宾语) 例句 Who wants to go with me? Who are you talking to? Whom are you talking to?/To whom are you talking? -What’s you father? -He is a worker. -Who is the boy under the tree? -He is Li Ming . What would you like? Which do you like, spring or summer? learn by oneself 自学 come to oneself苏醒

enjoy oneself过得很愉快,玩得高兴 hurt oneself受伤 by oneself 亲自

【常考知识清单二】

(who的所有格形式作主语、表语、宾语、定语) Whose book is this? What询问某人的职业 What/who Who询问某人的身份、姓名 What/which 【常考知识清单三】

What指不定数目中的“哪一个,哪一些;什么”,没有一定范围的限定 Which“哪一个”,在一定范围内特指的人或物 一、指示代词

单数 复数 用法 this these 指下文将要提及的事 近指This is my book. That those 指前面刚刚提过的事 远指That is her bike. 二、it用法

1.指代前面提到过的事物

This is not my book. It is Jim’s. -What’s this?

-It’s a pencil

2.用来代替指示代词this或that

3.指婴儿或不明身份的人

Someone is knocking at the door, please go and see who it is.

4.时间或季节 5.表天气 6.表距离

-What’s the time now?

-It’s ten o’clock.

-It’s sunny.

-What’s the weather like today?

How far is it from your school to your home? 7.用作形式主语,常用于下列句型中。 (1) It’s + adj.+ (for sb.) to do It is important for us to work hard. (2) It’s time to do/for/that… It’s time to get up/for lunch/that we go home. (3) It seems that… 看起来好像

(4) It’s one’s turn to do轮到某人做…… (5) It’s + adj. + that从句

8.作形式宾语 Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line? 9.引导强调句型

It is/was +被强调部分 + that/who/whom + 其他成分

2

It’s your turn to sing.

It is our hope that our city becomes more and more beautiful. 三、it, one, that作代词时的区别

1.it 特指上下文提到的同一对象,是同一事物 The book is mine. It’s very interesting. 这本书是我的,它很有趣的。 2. one 泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个,同类而不同一。 -Who has a pen?谁有钢笔?

-I have one.我有一支。

3.that常用于比较结构中,代替前面提到的名词,以避免重复。 The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter. 冬天北京的天气比广州的天气冷。

【常考知识清单四】

复合不定代词:由some, any, no和every构成的复合不定代词的用法:

some, any, no和every可以与one, body, thing构成复合代词,它们的用法与some, any的用法相同。例如:

somebody anybody nobody everybody (某人) (任何人) (没有人) (每人) someone anyone no one everyone (某人) (任何人) (没有人) (每人) something anything nothing everything (某事) (任何事) (没有东西) (每一件事) Do you have anything especial to tell me today? 今天你有什么特别的话告诉我吗? Listen to me, boys and girls, I have something to tell you.

同学们,听我说,我有一些事情要告诉你们。 -Is there anything in the cup? 杯子里有东西吗? -No, there is nothing. 没有,什么也没有。

注意:1.当主句的主语是指人的复合不定代词如everybody, nobody, anyone等时,其反意疑问句的主语通常用代词they;当主句中的主语是指物的复合不定代词如everything, anything, something, nothing等时,其反意疑问句的主语通常用代词it. Everybody is here, aren’t they? 大家都在这里,是吗? Everything is ready, isn’t it? 一切都准备好了,是吗?

2.当形容词或else(另外)修饰复合不定代词something, everything, everyone等时,形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面。

Xiao Ming, I have something important to tell you. 小明,我有重要的事情要告诉你. We need one more helper. Can you find anyone else? 我们还需要一个助手,你能再给我们找一个吗?

3.everyone的意思等同于everybody,只能指人;every one既可指人也可指物,还可以和of短语连用。

I would like everyone to be happy.我希望人人都幸福。 Everyone/Every one like Mary. 大家都喜欢玛丽。

I have kept every one of her letters.我把她的每一封信都保存了下来。

3

She took my bottles of whisky and emptied every one down the sink. 她把我的威士忌酒一瓶一瓶给倒进水池子里了。

【易混知识清单】

一、both; all; either; any; neither; none

都 任何 都不 both either neither 两者 all any none 三者(以上) 用all和both填空。 1. of us went to see the film because we had money to buy tickets yesterday. 2.Tom and his father are at work now.

二、little; a little; few; a few

可数 不可数 a little 肯定 a few(有一些) 否定 few(几乎没有) little(几乎没有)

Would you please buy some salt for me, Tony? There is little left. 托尼,可以给我买些盐吗?已经没有了。

He has so little money that he can’t afford the book.(如此少)

他的钱太少买不起这些书。

三、other; the other; others; the others; another

不定代词 用法说明 只作定语,常与复数名词或不可数名词连用;但如果前面有the, this, 另外的 that, some, any, each, every, no, one, my, your, his等时,则可与单数名other 词连用。 常与one连用,构成“one…,the other”;作定语修饰复数名词时,表示the other 两者中另一个 “全部其余的” 是other的复数形式,泛指别的人或物(但不是全部),不能作定语,others 泛指别的人或物 构成some…others… the others 特指其余的人或物 是the other 的复数形式,特指其余的人或物 another 任何一个,另一个 指三者或三者以上中的任何一个,用作形容词或代词 用以上几个填空: 意义 1. He is taller than any (1) student in his class. He is taller than (2) students in his class.

2. Some students like pop music while don’t in their school.

【中考真题】

1. is watching TV. Let’s turn it off.

A. Somebody B. Anybody C. Nobody 2. Don’t worry. He’s got much food. You can share . A. some of mine B. some of yours C. some of his 3.— Do you like talking with your friends on the telephone or mobile phone? . I enjoy using QQ. A. Either B. Neither 4. —Is this your bicycle, David? —No, it’s not . It’s Helen’s.

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D. Everybody

C. None D. Both.


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