As was expected, he performed the task with success. He is absent, as is often the case.
The man was unconscious, as could be judged from his eyes. 2) as 在从句中作宾语：
He was a foreigner, as I knew from his accent. As I have said, he is anything but a writer.
He was a foreigner, as (which) I knew from his accent. 3) as 在从句中作表语：
She always looks happy, as indeed she is. David is tall, as are my brothers.
因此，如果as 引导的非限制性定语从句位于主句之后时，
我们可以用 which 来代替 as；但是，如果该定语从句位于主句以前或主句中间时则不能用as 来代替。
11．关系代词性的what的用法： what 也叫做连接代词 因此，what 可以分解为 the thing(s) which, 它分别在主句和从句中都担任一定的句子成分。
a.
做主语：What (The thing which) we demanded is the unity of
politics and art.
What she lacks is courage and confidence. b. 作宾语：Never pretend to know what (the thing which) you don’t know.
Please tell us what you have seen and heard in the country.
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c. 作表语: That is what (the thing which) you ought to do. Output is now six times what it was before liberation. 注：He asked what I wanted. what 是疑问代词。
I couldn’t express what I felt. what 是关系代词。
12. 关于倒装 （inversion） 英语的倒装可分为修饰 倒装和语法倒装两种。修饰倒装可分为：
1) 否定词位于句首的倒装：下列否定词或具有否定意义 的短语位于句首时应当使用倒装：never, little, not only, hardly, often, seldom, nowhere, few, only, rarely, no longer, no more, in
vain, at no point, at no time, not once, not until, under no circumstances, by no means, on no account 等。 Little does she guess that it is Peter Wessel.
Under no circumstances should we do anything that will benefit ourselves but harm the interest of the state.
By no means should he be left alone.
Nowhere on the globe can imperialism find a “tranquil oasis” any more.
2) 否定意义的副词词组位于句首的倒装： no sooner…… than……, scarcely ……when……, hardly…… when ……., (barely) ……when……,
No sooner had he arrived there than he fell ill.
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Hardly had he finished when someone rose to refute his opinion. Scarcely had she fallen asleep when a knock at the door awakened her.
3）下列单词、短语位于句首时，主谓应倒装：often, well, many a time, so, only, to such a point, to such extremes, to such an extent, to such length, to such a degree, etc.
Often did we warm them not to use nuclear weapons.
To such degree did those militiawomen undergo fire training that they could make every shot tell. To such lengths did he go on with his windy speech that some of us began to doze.
4）在对情景进行生动描写时，可以把 out, in, up, down, away 等副词放句首，同时主语和动词谓语应当倒装。
Up went the arrow into the air!
Out rushed a big tiger from behind the tree!
Away flew a bird from the room when I opened the door! 但是，主语是人称代词的句子不能用于此类倒装： 不能说：Away rushed they from the room. 可以说：Down flew the eagle.
5）在if 引导的虚拟条件状语从句中，如果动词谓语含有助动词、情态动词或be 或have，有时可以省略if, 但是应当把助动词、情态动词、动词be 或 have放在主语前面。（口语中少用）。
Had we made enough preperation, we might have secceeded. Should there be a flood, what should we do?
Were it for their assistance, we could not overcome the difficilties.
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Had it not been for the reservoir, we’d never have been able to beat the drought. Were this to happen, it would cause a great deal of trouble. Had I known you did not have a key, I would have locked the door. 有时候在不是虚拟的句子中也可以使用倒装。 Should you be free tommorow, please come and see me. Should he be interested, I will send him a copy. 13. 部分否定和全部否定： 1) 部分否定：
All are not friends that speak us fair. 说话中听的人不一定都是朋友。 All are not soldiers who go to the wars. 上战场的人未必都是勇士。
Every good scholar is not a good schoolmaster. 会做学问的人不一定会教书。 Every light is not the sun. 亮光不一定都是阳光。
Every man cannot hit the nail on the head. 不是每一个人都能说话中肯。 All is not gold that glitters. 闪闪发光的不一定是金子。 2) 全部否定：
None of his girls would have said such a thing.
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