there any movable or deformed, and mend in time if needed. It is also imperative to frequently check the crane hook, and see if the bolts and nuts are loose between the slant supports and the platform. Timely removal is needed if any happens.
5.2.2.4在支模时现浇钢筋砼梁,板,当跨度等于或大于4M时, 模板就起拱；当设计无具体要求时，起拱高度宜为全跨长度的确1/1000-3/3000。When making the form work for RCC beam and slabs and their spans are more than 4 meters, the arch shall be made. If there is no specific requirement, the height of the arch shall be 1/1000-1/3000 length of the span.
5.2.2.5拆模时不得使用大锤或硬撬乱捣,如果拆除困难,可用撬杠从底部轻微橇动;保持起吊时模板与墙体的距离,保证砼表面及棱角不因拆除受损坏。When removing the form, neither big hammer is used nor other unreasonable ways. If it is difficult to remove the form, claw bar may be applied gently at the bottom. Proper distances shall be maintained between the form and the walls when lifting so as to ensure no breaks made to the concrete faces, edges and corners.
5.2.2.6梁侧模板的拆除以不破坏棱角为准。为了准确地掌握拆模时间，必须留臵同条件试块，试块强度达到1.2MPA时才允许拆模。施工中要积累不同强度等级的砼,不同水泥,在不同气温条件下多长时间达到1.2MPA的经验。When removing the side moulding board for beams, neither edges nor corners shall be broken. Concrete cubic for testing shall be kept with the same conditions to facilitate the removal of board at the correct time. The board shall not be removed until the cubic is as strong as 1.2MPA. Experiences to tell when 1.2MPA shall be gained during execution for different grades of concrete with various cement, on different temperatures and etc. Finally one can tell when to get 1.2MPA by his experiences.
Page 25 of 92
5.2.2.7模板拆除后,立即对模板的板面及缝隙进行全面彻底清理,保证下次使用不出现粘模现象。模板使用后要进行维修清理,如模板清理,变形的校正,模板配件的更换等。The surfaces and joints of the board shall be cleaned immediately after the removal to ensure no stick occur for the next casting. The board shall be repaired and cleaned after using. Remedies shall be made if any deform happens and parts shall be replaced, etc.
5.2.3钢筋工程The Reinforcement Steel Work
5.2.3.1对进场钢筋必须认真检验,检验内容包括查对标志,外观检查,并按现行国家有关部门标准的规定抽样复试合格后方可使用。在保证设计规格及力学性能的情况下,钢筋表面必须清洁无损伤,不得带有颗粒状或片状铁锈、裂纹、强疤、折叠、油渍和漆污等，钢筋端头保证平直，无弯曲。对经调直处理钢筋加箍筋等,应搭设棚架,集中码放,防雨淋锈蚀。其它钢筋应架空分规格码放,其架空高度不小于10CM。It is a must to check and test the reinforcement steel brought into site. The checking shall be made including: to check its marks, outlook and take random samples to be tested as per the present state standards. The steel can only be used until the check is ok. The surface of the steel shall be clean and no damage on the conditions that the specifications and mechanics are ensured. Besides, there shall be no rust, no scales, no cracks, no collapse, no paint, no oil and etc. The end of the steel bar shall be straight and even without any bend. The hut shall be set up for those steel bars already straightened or bound with stirrups, and pile them up to avoid from rain and becoming rusted. The other steel bars shall be kept as per their diameters and be supported with the bottom height no less than 10cm.
5.2.3.2钢筋在加工前应洁净,无损伤,油渍,漆污和铁锈等应在使用前清理干净。Before fabricating, the steel bars shall be cleaned without any damage. Paint stains and rust shall
Page 26 of 92
be cleaned up before using.
5.2.3.3为保证钢筋加工形状,尺寸准确,可制作钢筋加工的定型卡具控制钢筋尺寸。In order to ensure the correct dimensions of the steel work, special tools like clamps can be made to control the same.
5.2.3.4施工中钢筋的绑扎接头位臵应相互错开.从任一绑扎接头中心至搭接长度L1的1.3倍区段范围内,有绑扎接头的受力钢筋截面面积占受力钢筋总截面面积的百分率,应符合以下规定:受拉区不得超过50%。绑扎接头中钢筋的横向净距S不应小于直径D且不应小于25mm。During execution, the binding joints shall be not in one line. The center of the joint to the overlap length (L1)shall be less than 1.3 L1. The percentage (the cross section of the steel bars under stress with binding joints be divided by the total cross section of the bars under stress) shall comply with the stipulation: the length under stress shall be less than 50%. S(net space) shall no be smaller than D (diameter) but not small than 25 mm.
5.2.3.5对电渣压力焊,气压焊要检查接头外观质量,包括焊口突出表面高度,弯折角度(不大于4或70/1000)和轴线偏移等项内容,钢筋接头一定要离开拐点≥10D,不准位于构件的最大弯距处。施工中用无齿锯将钢筋端口切平,先焊高位筋,后焊低位筋。For welding, it is imperative to check the joint’s outlook, the joint itself, the bent angle(no greater than 4 or 70/1000) and the axis deviation. The joint shall be away from the inflexion (greater or equal to 10D). During execution, cut the bar end even, first weld the high level bars and then the lower ones.
5.2.3.6钢筋保护层厚度The Concrete Cover：钢筋保护层尺寸控制是否准确及钢筋位臵是否满足设计要求是创优检查的一项重点内容,也是存在问题较多和不易控制的问题,施工中应采用砂浆垫块或塑料垫块控制保护层厚度，对于柱子钢筋的定位一般采用定位卡在浇
Page 27 of 92
筑砼前将定位卡套在柱筋顶端,用绑扣将柱筋紧靠在定位卡上,控制钢筋间距位臵,下部用塑料垫块控制保护层厚度。The proper concrete cover and the location of the reinforcement steel shall be checked. It is the main checking for creating the first class quality work for many problems happened in this regard. Cement mortar and plastic spacers made of are used to control the concrete cover. The spacers are usually fixed on the top of the column reinforcement steel and at bottom, plastic ones, to control the concrete coverage.
5.2.3.7钢筋在绑扎时注意间距及钢筋的规格，钢筋间距，锚固长度应符合图纸及规范要求,对于悬挑结构，钢筋的摆放应正确。钢筋保护层厚度要保证，还要注意不得漏扣以及绑扣丝向时，防止其锈蚀污染砼外表面。When fabricating, attention shall be paid to the space between bars and their diameters. The anchor length shall comply with the requirements of drawings and the specifications. For those cantilever structures, the reinforcement steel hall be positioned properly and the concrete cover shall be ensured. No stirrups are missing and the end of the binding seams shall be bent inward to avoid the concrete surface from being stained and rusted.
5.2.4砼工程The Concrete Work
5.2.4.1施工前应进行砼配合比设计,首先根据现场实际所用原材料的性能及对砼的技术要求进行计算,再经试验室试配及调整,定出既满足设计和施工要求,又经较经济合理的砼配合比。当原材料发生显著变化时,应重新进行配合比设计。施工过程中严禁随意改变配合比。Before execution, the concrete mix ratio shall be designed. Based on the features of the materials at site and the technical requirements of the concrete, calculations shall be worked out and adjustments shall be made in the lab so as to obtain the proper concrete mix ratio which complies with the design and technical requirements for the execution and
Page 28 of 92
