C) TV: Its Working Rules and Functions. 工作原理和功能 D) A Brief Introduction to the Development of TV.
7小题> The rapid change and growth of TV is due to the contributions of A 电视的快速变化和增长是由于 的贡献 A) computer technologies电脑技术 B) a new means of transmission
C) a powerful vehicle of communication D) TV giants like ABC, NBC and CBS
8小题> What is the use of the second means of transmission?第二种传输方法的使用是什么？ B A) To meet the requirements of people especially interested in non-broadcast program. B) To meet the requirements of certain groups of people. 满足特定群体的需求。 C) To meet the requirements of people with a special interest in cable TV.
D) To meet the requirements of people interested in controlled transmission techniques.
9小题>The italicized “very simply put ” in Para. 2 means “ D “. 帕拉的斜体2 “简言之”意味着 。 A) when it is simply put down B) when it is put to simple tasks C) if it is put to simple tasks
D) if it is expressed in a simple way如果它是一个简单的方法的表达
10小题> What is NOT reason for TV to be powerful? A 什么不是电视变强大的原因? A) It highlights broadcasting giants.强调广播巨头 B) It can communicate to human beings. C) It provides recreational programs. D) It provides news programs.
Passage 3
It has been shown that children who smoke have certain characteristics. Compared with non-smokers they are more rebellious, their work deteriorates as they move up school, they are more likely to leave school early, and are more often delinquent and sexually precious. Many of these features can be summarized as anticipation of adulthood. 已经表明,儿童吸
烟有一定的特点。与非吸烟者相比他们更叛逆、提升学校工作恶化,他们更有可能就早早离开了学校,而且更经常流氓和强奸。许多这些特性可以概括为希望成年。
There are a number of factors, which determine the onset of smoking, and these are largely psychological and social. They include availability of cigarettes, curiosity, rebelliousness, appearing thought, anticipation of adulthood, social confidence, the example of parents and teachers, and smoking by friends and older brothers and sisters. 有许多因素,确定开始吸烟,这些
在很大程度上是心理的和社会的。包括可用性的香烟、好奇心、叛逆、出现思想、预期的成年期,社会信心,家长和老师的例子,和吸烟的朋友和年长的兄弟姐妹。
It should be much easier to prevent children from starting to smoke than to persuade adults to give up the habit once established, but in fact this has proved very difficult. The example set by people in authority, especially parents, health care workers, and teachers, is of prime importance. School roles should forbid smoking by children on the premises. This role has been introduced at Summerhill School where I spent my schooldays.防止孩子开始吸烟比说服成年人放弃曾经建立的
嗜好应该更容易,但事实上这已经被证明是非常困难的。权威的人的榜样,尤其是父母,卫生保健工作者和教师至关重要。学校应该规定禁止儿童吸烟。在夏山学校介绍过这个规定，我在那里度过了我的学生时代。
There is, however, a risk of children smoking just to rebel against the rules, and even in those schools which have tried to enforce no smoking by corporal punishment there is as much smoking as in other schools. Nevertheless, banning smoking is probably on balance beneficial. Teachers too should not smoke on school premises, at least not in front of children.像有
很多吸烟的其他学校一样，甚至在那些学校有试图实施通过体罚禁止吸烟，可是，孩子们吸烟的风险只是为了反抗规则。然而，禁止吸烟总而言之可能是有益的。在学校，老师也不应该抽烟，至少不要在孩子面前。
11小题>In this passage the author puts an emphasis on C 在这篇文章作者注重 A) the effect of smoking among children B) the reasons why children start smoking
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C) the difficulty in preventing children from smoking阻止孩子吸烟困难 D) the measures to ban smoking among children
12小题>Which of the following is a common characteristic of young smokers? D 下列哪个是年轻吸烟者的共同特征 A) Laziness.懒惰
B) Lack of confidence.缺失自信 C) Ignorance.无知 D) Disobedience.叛逆
13小题>Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? B 根据这段文章下列哪个不是真的？ A） To prevent children from starting smoking, parents, teachers and health care workers should not smoke.
B） It’s easier to prevent children from starting to smoke than to persuade adults to stop smoking.防止孩子开始吸烟比说
服成年人戒烟更容易。
C） Many children start to smoke because they want to appear mature. D） Some children start to smoke merely out of curiosity.
14小题>The author concludes that school rules to forbid smoking A . 作者认为校规禁止吸烟 A) should be introduced although it might prove ineffective应该引入虽然可能被证明是无效的 B) should be introduced because it was done at the school he studied C) should not be introduced because it may cause rebellion D) needn’t be introduced as long as the teachers don’t smoke
15小题>Which is the author’s attitude towards children smoking? D 哪一项是作者对孩子抽烟的看法? A) Indifferent.漠不关心 B) Sympathetic赞同的 C) Emotional易激动的 D) Objective客观的
阅读理解（第四部份）Passage 1
If environmental trends continue on a positive track, some day children may ask, “Mommy, what was pollution?” But between that day and ours stands the environmental problem: global warming. Fighting an artificial greenhouse effect is the greatest of environmental challenges, because the cure will not be possible unless almost every nation on the Earth participates. 如果环境的趋势继续积极的轨道上,总有一天孩子们会问,“妈妈,污染是什么?”但在这一天,我们的环境问题:全球变暖。战斗一个人造温室效应是最大的环境挑战,因为治疗是不可能的,除非地球上几乎所有的国家参与。
In the last century, global temperatures have risen 1 degree Fahrenheit. Some scientists remain skeptical about projected future warming, but an oft-heard claim, that the idea of global warming is being promoted only by fringe fanatics, is not true. In December 2004, Science, one of the world’s leading technical journals, declared in an essay, “Without substantial disagreement, scientists find human activities are heating Earth’s surface.” 在上个世纪,全球气温上升1华氏度。一些科学家对
预测未来气候变暖仍持怀疑态度,但一种只有边缘狂热分子声称,全球变暖正在推广的想法,并非如此。2004年12月,科学,世界领先的科技期刊之一,在一篇声明,“没有重大分歧,科学家发现人类活动加热地球表面。”
Will global warming cause harm? Some computer models suggest the world might warm by 5 degrees or more during this century, which might be dangerous. Melting polar ice could raise sea levels, while global warming might cause more
intense storms and disrupt the weather patterns that bring rain to agricultural regions. Computer models are just a guess, of course, but when the farming areas that we all depend upon for food rely on current temperatures, rolling the dice with the climate cannot be wise. Yet today the United States has no national law regulating greenhouse gases. 全球变暖造成伤
害吗? 在这个世纪一些计算机模型表明世界可能温暖5度或更多,这可能是危险的。极地冰层融化会使海平面提升,而全球变暖可能会导致更严重的风暴和扰乱气候模式,给农业地区带来雨水。计算机模型只是一个猜测,当然,但是, 当我们都取决于对农业地区食物依赖的当前温度,,掷骰子的气候是不明智的。然而,今天美国没有全国性的法律调节温室气体。
There are methods to reduce global warming. For instance, individuals can make lifestyle changes. Replace an SUV with a regular car; an SUV gives off 100 tons of greenhouse gases over its lifetime, which is far more than a car does. Moderate your use of home heating and air conditioning, most of which is powered by fossil fuels, and upgrade appliances to energy-saving models. 有方法来减少全球变暖。例如,个人可以改变生活方式。SUV换成普通汽车,越野车在它的生命周期释放出100吨的温室气体,这是远远超过一辆小车。家庭温和的取暖和空调的使用,其中大部分是由化石燃料,和升级设备节能模式。
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On a larger level, there is hope: emissions trading. In 1990, rising levels of acid rain were considered an emergency problem. Congress passed an emissions-trading program, which allowed industrial managers to buy and sell permits to emit a limited amount of pollutants that cause acid rain. The acid-rain trading program created a financial motivation to invent technology to reduce acid rain; if a factory or power plant cut its emissions below the limit, it could sell the extra credits at a profit. Once there was money to be made by reducing acid rain, human creativity came into play. The results were spectacular. 在更大层面上,有希望:排放交易。1990年,上升的酸雨被认为是紧急问题。国会通过了一个碳排放交易计划,使得工
业经理购买和出售数量有限的污染物排放许可证,导致酸雨。关于酸雨的交易程序创建了一个金融激励发明技术来减少酸雨;如果一个工厂或电厂减排低于限制,可能利润出售额外的学分。一旦减少酸雨有财富,人类的创造力都派上了用场。结果是惊人的。
1小题>The green house effect cannot be cured unless温室效应不能被治愈,除非 D A） people don’t use cars B） factories stop polluting the environment
C） governments issue regulations to regulate the green house gases.
D） almost every nation on Earth participates in the fight against the greenhouse. 地球上几乎每一个国家参与对抗温
室。
2小题>What do the scientists think of the assertion that human activities are heating Earth’s surface? 科学家们认为是人类活动使地球表面加热的断言吗? A
A) Almost all the scientists agree. 几乎所有的科学家都同意。 B) They don’t agree with this assertion. C) They are skeptical about this assertion. D) They are not interested in this assertion.
3小题>What is NOT suggested by the author to reduce global warming? 什么不是由作者提出减少全球变暖? D A) Implement the emissions-trading program.
B) Moderate the use of home heating and air conditioning. C) Upgrade appliances to Energy Star models. D) Save water and electricity. 要节约用水和电。
4小题>What does the author think of the environmental trends in Western nations? 作者认为西方国家的环境趋势? D A) Gloomy.抑郁 B) Horrible.可怕的 C) Hopeless.绝望的 D) Promising.有希望的
5小题>What is the best title for this passage? 这篇文章最好的标题是什么? C A) Emergency.
B) Environmental Trends.
C) Global Warming Watch. 全球变暖的观察。 D) How to Prevent Global Warming. Passage 2
To sell coffee to China’s tea drinkers sounds like Mission Impossible. Starbucks’solution is to select high-profile locations on the busiest street, where stores are sure to seduce the see-and-be-seen set. 向中国的饮茶人兜售咖啡，听起来像是不可能完成的任务（天方夜潭）。而星巴克的招数是选择繁华街道的黄金地段（醒目地点），在那儿咖啡店一定会吸引那些爱凑热闹的人 。
As Starbucks launches an aggressive expansion in China, a coffee frontier steeped in nearly 5,000 years of tea. The goal: to build hip hang-outs that tap into a new taste for China’s emerging middle class. 随着星巴克在中国开拓市场的强劲势头，具有近五千年历史的中国茶文化就渗透了来自咖啡王国的浓香（咖啡先锋浸入拥有近五千年茶文化历史的中国）。目标是把星巴克建成时兴的常去的场所，吸引中国新兴中产阶级品尝新的口味（开发新的口味来迎合中国新兴的中产阶级）。
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Initially with 69 stores in China, Starbucks was really taking a big bet. The Seattle-based company increased its stake in its Shanghai and Taiwan joint venture with President Coffee from 5% to 50%.Elsewhere, Starbucks
opened stores in Guangzhou, its third Chinese city and aimed to open hundreds more in the coming years. 最初在
中国有69家门店,星巴克真的冒很大的风险。总部位于西雅图的公司增加其在上海和台湾合资企业从5%增至50%股权与总统咖啡。在其他地方,星巴克在广州开了店, 在未来几年计划在中国第三大城市再开放数百家。
Starbucks China doesn’t plan any advertising, promotions, or other marketing strategies, aside from sponsoring an online coffee club and the occasional office-tower coffee tasting. Instead, the company is counting on selecting such high-visibility, high-traffic cafe locations that they market themselves. Its main advertising medium is the store itself. 除了在网上主办咖啡俱乐部及偶尔在写字楼提供咖啡品尝活动外，星巴克在中国不打算进行任何广告宣传、促销活动，也不打算实施其他的营销策略。相反，星巴克公司依靠选择那种显眼的、交通发达的咖啡店店址来做自我宣传；星巴克最主要的宣传媒介是咖啡店本身（相反，星巴克公司依靠的是咖啡店的选址，交通便利的醒目地址便是其最主要的宣传手段）。
But in fast-changing Chinese cities, finding locations that will embody the right lifestyle is more akin to gambling than science6. The computerized mapping databases that the company uses to test a potential street corner in the United States would be little help in Chinese cities. 然而，在变化莫测（变化飞快）的中国大城市找到能体现适当生活方式的地方，与其说是一种科学的经营理念，倒不如说是一场赌博（很像是一场赌博而不大像是科学经营手段）。
In the U.S., if you see a mail, it will probably still be there in two years. While a year passed by in a Chinese location, and you almost won’t know your way around there anymore. 在美国，该公司利用计算机处理的地图数据库探寻潜在街角，但这种做法在中国城市却没有多大用处。同时，星巴克也面临着一场攻坚战。
Yet Starbucks also faces an uphill battle. Local media reported that 70% of people they surveyed would rather not see the chain in Beijing’s Forbidden City. And even for middle-class Chinese, Starbucks is a barely affordable luxury. While retailers say a top marketing weapon in urban China is to charge more for public consumption. That’s because Chinese customers have different priorities than their American yuppie counterparts. Guys 40years old are not coffee drinkers, but if the environment is good and the coffee is not bad, they’ll come back. The store layout, artwork and food options make Starbucks more friendly to Chinese eyes, but coffee remains the core offering and people don’t go there for the coffee. They go there to present themselves as modern Chinese in a public setting. 据当地媒体报道，70％的接受调查者不同意星巴克在北京的紫禁城开连锁店。即使对中国的中产阶层而言，星巴克咖啡也是一种勉强能消费得起的奢侈品。不过，零售商们却说，在中国城市营销的一个最强有力的武器就是对大众消费品制定高价格，原因是中国消费者的侧重点与美国的稚皮士们不同。40岁的中国人几乎不喝咖啡，但如果环境优雅、咖啡味道又不差，他们还会成为回头客。虽然咖啡仍是星巴克咖啡店的主题，但店内的布局、艺术品的摆放以及可供选择的各色食品比咖啡本身更令中国人着迷，而且人们光顾星巴克并不为了喝咖啡，而是为了在公共场合有机会表明自己是时尚的中国人。（星巴克咖啡店的布置、艺术作品及食品供应吸引着中国人的眼球，但咖啡还是主要供应品，而且人们光顾星巴克不是为了喝咖啡，而是在公共场合炫耀自己是新潮的中国人。）
6小题>According to the passage, in order to sell coffee to tea drinkers in China, Starbucks C . 根据短文, 星巴克为了在中国出售咖啡茶饮,
A) tells the Chinese people that coffee is better than tea. B) Reduces the prices of its coffee.
C) Selects remarkable locations on the busiest streets. 在最繁忙的街道上选择显著位置。 D) Opens its stores in the centre of every city.
7小题>What is the goal of Starbucks’ aggressive expansion in China? 星巴克在中国积极扩张的目标是什么？ A） To set up fashionable places which develop new tastes for Chinese middle class.为中国中产阶级设置开发新口味
时尚的地方。
B） To take up more market shares. C） To exert scale effect. D） To exhibit its ambition.
8小题>We learn from the third paragraph that Starbucks’ development in China is B 我们学习第三段,星巴克在中国的发展是 A） slow B） rapid迅速地
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