least in a small way, and that they are leaders in style and state. 年轻人常常激怒他们的父母在服装和发型,艺人和音乐选
择。这并不是他们的动机。他们觉得切断了与成人世界,他们尚未被接受。所以他们创造他们自己的文化和社会。然后,如果事实证明他们的音乐艺人或词汇表或衣服和发型激怒他们的父母,这给了他们更多的享受。至少有那么一点点他们觉得他们是优秀的, ,并且他们是流行时尚的领导人。
Sometimes you are resistant, and proud because you do not want your parents to approve of what you do. If they did approve, it looks as if you are betraying your own age group. But in that case, you are assuming that you are the underdog: you can't win but at least you can keep your honor. This is a passive way of looking at thing. It is natural enough after long years of childhood, when you were completely under your parents' control. But it
ignores the fact that you are now beginning to be responsible for yourself. 有时你是顽固骄傲,因为你不希望你的父母同
意你做什么。如果他们批准,看来你是背叛自己的年龄。但在这种情况下,假设你是失败者:你不能赢,但至少你可以保持你的荣誉。这是一个被动的看待事情的方式。当你完全被你父母控制时，在多年的童年时期之后是足够自然的,。但它忽略了一个事实,那就是,你现在开始为自己负责。
If you plan to control your life, co-operation can be part of that plan. You can charm others, especially your parents, into doing things the way you want. You can impress others with your sense of responsibility and
initiative, so that they will give you the authority to do what you want to do. 如果你计划来控制你的生活,合作计划的一部
分。你能吸引别人,尤其是你的父母,去做你想要的东西。你可以与你的责任心和主动性,给他人留下深刻印象,他们会给你权力做你想做的事。
1小题>The author is primarily addressing B .作者主要是解决______. A． Parents父母亲 B．teenagers青少年
C．educators教育工作者 D．psychologists心理学家
2小题>The first paragraph is mainly about A 第一段主要是 A) the teenagers’ criticism of their parents青少年们父母的批评 B) misunderstandings between teenagers and their parents C) the dominance of the parents over their children D) the teenagers’ ability to deal with crises
3小题>Teenagers tend to have strange clothes and hairstyles because they D 青少年往往有奇怪的衣服和发型,因为他们
A) want to irritate their parents
B) have a strong desire to be leaders in style and taste C) have no other way to enjoy themselves better
D) want to show their existence by creating a culture of their own想要展示他们的存在通过创建一个他们自己的文化 4小题> Teenagers do not want their parents to approve of whatever they do because they A .青少年们无论做什么不想经过他们的父母亲的同意。因为他们 A) have a desire to be independent有独立的欲望
B) feel that they are superior in a small way to the adults C) are not likely to win over the adults
D) have already been accepted into the adult world
5小题>To improve parent-child relationships, teenagers are advised to be D . 建议改善父子关系,青少年被劝告 A) obedient训服
B) independent有责任心 C) responsible
D) cooperative合作 Passage 2
Retirement jobs? The answer used be \
People worked until age 65 or so, collected their gold watch, and headed for their easy chair and a well-deserved
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rest. 退休工作?使用的回答是“没有办法”工作和退休之间的界限非常清晰。人们工作到65岁左右,收集他们的金表,前往他们的安乐椅上,一个当之无愧的休息。
Today, more seniors and baby boomers are choosing to retire earlier or later than age 65, and to make having retirement jobs a part of their retirement years. The National Council on Aging reports that one in three Americans aged 65 and older has a retirement job, working at least part-time. 今天,越来越多的老人和婴儿潮一代选择早或晚于65岁退休,一部分的他们退休了仍继续工作。国家衰老委员会报告,三分之一的美国人65岁以上退休工作,至少兼职工作。
Then, why do seniors and baby boomers want retirement jobs? The reasons people give fall into four basic categories: first, money---the chance to earn supplemental income is one of the main reasons people want retirement jobs, By earning extra money at a part-time retirement job or business, retirees can stretch their pensions, afford a few luxuries they might otherwise be forced to give up, and in some cases lower their health care costs by receiving employer-sponsored just love to work. Especially for people whose work is creative and offers them a lot of autonomy---such as entrepreneurs, writers, artists, and consultants---work is often so much a part of their lives and what they do, and a source of so much personal satisfaction, that being without a retirement job holds little or no appeal; third, friend---for people who are outgoing and love to interact with other people every day, retirement jobs may provide a passionate social life and a built-in network of professional colleagues and potential friends; last but not the least, fear---some people have devoted themselves so completely to work before retirement that they prefer to keep working at retirement jobs as long as possible to delay any need to adjust to different lifestyle. Without a well-developed support network of friends and family, or a plan for retirement
activities they want to pursue retirement jobs may feel like the safest alternative. 然后,老人和婴儿潮一代为什么要退休
工作?人们给的原因分为四个基本类别:第一, 人们想要退休的工作主要原因之一是赚外快的机会——钱,通过退休工作和生意，兼职挣额外的钱,退休人员可以增加他们的养老金,享受一些奢侈品，否则，他们可能被迫放弃,和在某些情况下,降低医疗成本,获得赞助就是喜欢工作。特别是对于那些是创造性的工作,并提供了他们很多的自主权————例如企业家、作家、艺术家,和顾问，工作往往是他们生活和他们所做事情的很大一部分,和如此多的个人满足感的来源,没有退休的工作拥有很少或没有吸引力;第三,朋友- - -因为外向的人,喜欢与人交流,退休工作的每天可能会提供一个充满激情的社会生活和一个内置的专业的同事网络和潜在的朋友,最后,恐惧,有些人把自己完全地献身于退休前的工作,他们宁愿继续工作在退休工作上，尽可能推迟任何需要适应不同的生活方式。没有一个成熟的朋友和家人的支持网络,或为退休活动计划他们想追求的退休工作感觉是最安全的选择。
6小题>
What is the passage mainly about? D 文章主要是关于什么的? A) Seniors and baby boomers. B) How to have happy later years. C) What the retirement life is like. D) Retirement jobs.退休工作 7小题>
How could “retirement jobs” be possible today but impossible in the past? B 为何现今“退休工作”是可能的而在过去是不可能的？
A) Today there are more job opportunities than the past.
B) Today the line between work and retirement was not as clear as it was in the past. 如今工作和退休的界限并不像
过去一样明确。
C) Today people love to work far more than they did in the past.
D) Today jobs are easier than past: thanks to the development of society, people can still work after retirement. 8小题>
Which is NOT the reason for seniors and baby boomers to get a retirement job? 哪一个不是老年人和婴儿潮一代退休工作的原因,?
A) To lower their health care costs.
B) To keep in touch with the latest development in their career field.与他们的职业领域的最新发展保持联系。 C) To maintain an enthusiastic social life.
D) To delay the need to adjust to another lifestyle. 9小题>
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A pianist is still working when he is 70 years old, most probably because B 一个70岁的钢琴家时仍在工作,最可能是因为
A) he has to earn extra money to support his family.
B) He loves his profession that brings him great personal satisfaction. 他喜欢带给他巨大个人成就感的职业。 C) He needs to communicate with the audience through music. D) He fears to lead a leisure life after retirement. 10小题>
The author holds that retirement jobs may be the safest alternative to A 作者认为退休工作可能是 最安全的选择
A) well-planned retirement activities.精心策划的退休活动 B) Easy chair and well-deserved rest. C) Care from friends and family members. D) Lifelong work plans.
阅读理解（第三卷）Passage 1
By adopting a few simple techniques, parents who read to their children can greatly increase their children's
language development．It is surprising but true．How parents talk to their children makes a big difference in the children's language development．If a parent encourages the child to actively respond to what the parent is
reading, the child's language skills increase．通过采用一些简单的技巧，为孩子们朗读的父母可以大大提高孩子的语言发展。它是令人惊讶的但却是事实。父母与他们的孩子之间的交谈使儿童的语言发展有天壤之别。如果父母鼓励孩子积极回应一下父母阅读，孩子的语言技能会增加。
A study was done with 30 three-year-old children and their parents. Half of the children participated in the
experimental study; the other half acted as the control group. In the experimental group, the parents were given a two-hour [training session in which they were taught to ask open-ended questions rather man yes-or-no questions. For example, the parent should ask, \parents in the experimental group were also instructed in how to help children find answers, how to suggest
alternative possibilities and how to praise correct answers. 研究完成了30个三岁的孩子和他们的父母。一半的孩子参加了
实验研究;另一半则作为对照组。在实验组中,父母给两个小时(训练课中,他们被教导要问开放式的问题,而男人“是”或“不是”的问题。例如,父母应该问:“什么是小狗在干什么?”而不是“小狗逃跑吗?实验组的父母也指导如何帮助孩子找到答案,如何建议替代的可能性,如何赞美正确答案。
At the beginning of the study, the children did not differ in measures of language development, but at the end of one month, the children in the experimental group showed 5.5 months ahead of the control group on a test of verbal expression and vocabulary. Nine months later, the children in the experimental group still showed an advance of 6 months over the children in the control group. 在研究的开始,孩子们在语言发展的测量没有差别,但是最后一
个月, 实验组的孩子比对照组在考试的口头表达和词汇显示提前5.5个月。九个月后,实验组的孩子比对照组孩子仍然显示提前6个月。
1小题>Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? D 下列哪个从文章中可以推断出来吗？ A) Children who talk a lot are more intelligent
B) Parents who listen to their children can teach them more
C) Active children should read more and be given more attention
D) Verbal ability can easily be developed with proper methods. 语言能力通过适当的方法可以很容易地被开发 2小题>What does “it” in line 2, paragraph 1 refer to? “它”在第一段落，第2行，是指? A) Parents increasing children's language development父母增加孩子的语言发展 B) Reading techniques being simple C) Parents reading to children
D) Children's intelligence development
3小题> According to the author, which of the following questions is the best type to ask children about? C 根据作者的以下问题是最好的类型来问问孩子？ A) Do you see the giraffe?
B) Is the giraffe eating the leaves?
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C) How does the giraffe drink water? 长颈鹿是怎么喝水的？ D) Shall we go to the zoo to see the giraffe?
4小题>The difference between the control group and the experimental group was 对照组和实验组的区别? A) the training that parents received父母亲接受过培训 B) the age of the children C) the books that were read D) the number of the children
5小题>The best conclusion we can draw from the passage is that C 最好的结论是,我们可以从通过 A) parents should be trained to read to their children
B) the more children read, the more intelligent they will become.
C) Children’s language skills increase when they are required to respond actively.当他们被要求回应积极时，儿童语言
能力提高了
D) Children who read actively seem six months older Passage 2
Television —— that most widespread and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth —— is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary advancement and diversity, which promises to reshape our lives and our world. It is an electronic revolution, made possible by the marriage of television and computer technologies. 电视——最普遍的和有说服力的现代技术,以迅速变化和成长,正在步入一个新时代,一个非凡的进步和多样化的时代,这将重塑我们的生活和我们的世界。这是一个通过电视和电脑技术的密切结合的电子革命。
The word ‘television’, coming from its Greek ( tele: distant) and Latin ( vision: sight) roots, can literally be interpreted as sight from a distance. Very simply put, it works in this way: through an advanced system of
electronics, television provides the capability of changing an image ( focused on a special photoconductive plate within a camera ) into electronic impulses, which can be sent through a wire or cable. These impulses, when fed into a receiver (television set), can then be electronically reorganized into that same image. “电视”,这个词来源于希腊
语词根(远程:遥远的)和拉丁语(美景:景象),可以从字面上理解为来自远处的景象。简单地说,它是这样的:通过一个先进的电子系统,电视提供的能力改变一个图像(图像被聚焦在一部摄像机内的一块特殊的光导底片上),电子脉冲信号可以通过电线或电缆发送。这些脉冲,被输入一部接收机(电视机)时,就可以用电子重组成同一幅图像。
Television is more than just an electronics system, however. It is a means of expression, as well as a vehicle for communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings. 电视不仅仅是一个电子系统，然而，它是一种表达的方式,以及交流的载体并因此成为联系他人的有力工具。
The field of television can be divided into two categories determined by its means of transmission(播送，中转). First, there is broadcast television, which reaches the masses through airwave transmission of television signals. Second, there is non-broadcast television, which provides for the needs of individuals or specific interest groups through controlled transmission techniques. 电视领域可以根据其传输方式分为两类(播送,中转)。第一类为广播电视,通过电视信号电波传播在大众面前。第二,非广播电视, 通过控制传输技术提供个人或特定利益集团的需要。
Traditionally, television has been a medium of the masses. We are most familiar with broadcast television
because it has been with us for about thirty-seven years in a form similar to that exists today. During those years, it has been controlled, for the most part, by the broadcast networks, ABC, NBC, and CBS, who have been the major providers of news, information, and entertainment. These giants of broadcasting have actually shaped not only television but our understanding of it as well. We have come to look upon the picture tube as a source of entertainment, placing our role in this dynamic medium as the passive viewer. 传统上,电视早已成为大众媒介。我们熟
悉广播电视,因为广播电视类似于今天的存在形式已经和我们一起大约37年。在那些年里, 很大程度上它已被控制在新闻、信息和娱乐的主要供应商的广播网络，美国广播公司、全国广播公司、哥伦比亚广播公司,。这些广播业的巨头实际上不仅塑造了电视,而且还有我们对它的理解。我们已经把显像管看作是娱乐的来源,让自己成为这个生动的媒介的被动观众。
6小题> What seems to be the best title for the passage? C 文章的标题最好是 ？ A) A Powerful Tool of Entertainment. B) The Means of Transmission of TV.
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