特殊句式
倒装句
1．(2013·新课标卷Ⅱ)Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent________properly in this hospital.
A．can be the patients treated C．the patients can be treated
B．can the patients be treated D．treated can be the patients
解析： 句意为：只有将医生的人数增加50%，这家医院的病人才能得到恰当的治疗。本题考查倒装句。“only＋状语”置于句首时，句子要部分倒装。其正常语序是：The patients can be treated properly in this hospital only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent.
答案： B
2．(2013·福建卷)Not until he went through real hardship________the love we have for our families is important.
A．had he realized C．he realized
B．did he realize D．he had realized
解析： 句意为：直到他经历了真正的困难，他才意识到我们对家人的爱的重要性。本题考查倒装句。“Not until...”置于句首，主句需要部分倒装，所以排除C和D项。分析题干可知，主句与从句中的谓语动词都表示过去发生的动作，但是不强调两个动作的先后顺序，所以排除A项，选B。
答案： B
3．(2013·湖南卷)Not once________to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.
A．occurred it C．it occurred
B．it did occur D．did it occur
解析： 句意为：Michael不止一次想过有朝一日他会成为班里的优等生。本题考查部分倒装。表否定的状语(not once)置于句首，后面的主语和谓语需采用部分倒装形式，故选D项。
答案： D
强调句型
4．(2013·天津卷)It was not until near the end of the letter________she mentioned her own plan.
A．that
B．where
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C．why D．when
解析： 句意为：直到在书信快结束的时候她才提到她自己的计划。本题考查“not...until...”的强调句形式，即“It is/was not until...that...”，故选A项。
答案： A
5．(2013·重庆卷)It was with the help of the local guide________the mountain climber was rescued.
A．who C．when
B．that D．how
解析： 句意为：正是在当地导游的帮助下这个登山者才被营救了。本题考查强调句型。被强调部分为with the help of the local guide，将本句还原为普通句式为With the help of the local guide，the mountain climber was rescued.判断强调句型的方法：把It is/was和that去掉后剩余的部分仍是一个完整的句子。
答案： B
6．(2011·四川卷)Was it on a lonely island________he was saved one month after the boat went down?
A．where C．which
B．that D．what
解析： 句意为：他是不是在船沉了一个月之后在一个孤岛上被人救出来的？考查强调句。结合题干和选项看，这里用it was...that强调句结构，被强调的是地点状语on a lonely island。
答案： B
省略
7．(2013新课标卷Ⅰ)The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police________.
A．not to do C．not do
B．not to D．do not
解析： 句意为：这个司机想要把车子停靠在路边，但是警察不让他将车停在那儿。本题考查省略句。根据固定表达be asked (not)to do sth.排除C和D项。为避免重复，否定形式的省略用not to，故答案为B项。
答案： B
8．(2013·浙江卷)There are some health problems that，when________in time，can become bigger ones later on.
A．not treated C．not to be treated
B．not being treated D．not having been treated
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解析： 句意为：有一些健康问题，如果不及时治疗，以后就会酿成大问题。本题考查省略句的用法。本题完整的句子应该是：...when they are not treated in time，can become...，故选A项。
答案： A
反意疑问句
9．(2012·江西卷)There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent，________？
A．is there C．is he
B．isn’t there D．isn’t he
解析： 考查反意疑问句。陈述部分中含有表示否定意义的词little，所以简短问句用肯定形式，首先排除B、D两项；陈述部分为there be句型，故简短问句应用is there，故选A项。
答案： A
10．(2011·重庆卷)I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did，________？
A．could he C．didn’t you
B．didn’t I D．could they
解析： 考查反意疑问句。句意为：我告诉他们并非每个人都可以跑得和你一样快，不是吗？在反意疑问句中，若陈述部分是一个主从复合句，附加疑问句一般要与主句一致。本句含有一个宾语从句且主句为“I told them...”，故答案选B项。
答案： B
感叹句
11．(2011·辽宁卷)________a strange plant！I’ve never seen it before. A．Which C．How
B．What D．Whether
解析： 句意为：多奇怪的植物！我以前从未见过。感叹句多用what或者how引导。what修饰名词，how修饰形容词或者副词。plant是名词，故用what修饰。
答案： B
祈使句
12．(2013湖南卷)Every day________a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.
A．read C．to read
B．reading D．reads
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解析： 句意为：每天把一句谚语大声朗读几遍直到记住它。本题考查祈使句。本题选项以动词的不同形式呈现，但根据句意和句式可以看出本题为祈使句，故选A项。
答案： A
1．对于倒装句类题目分清全部倒装和部分倒装的使用条件是关键。
2．强调句型和其他句型(定语从句、名词性从句等)放于一起考查是干扰项的设计方式，也是考生的易错点。
3．省略句中的非谓语动词形式是考生的易错点，需要根据具体的语境确定其非谓语的形式。
4．在反意疑问句中，判断主句的肯定和否定以及句子的主语是解决这类问题的关键。
一、倒装句 1．部分倒装
(1)将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首引起的部分倒装结构。这类词(组)有：never，seldom，rarely，little，few，at no time，by no means，no longer，hardly/scarcely...when...，no sooner...than...，not only...but also...，not until，nowhere，neither...nor...等。
(2012·江西高考)Never before has she seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.
她以前从没见过打网球和罗伯特一样好的人。
(2010·江西高考)Not until he left his home did he begin to know how important the family was for him.
直到他离开家，他才开始知道家庭对他来说有多么重要。 (2)only＋状语置于句首时，主句要进行部分倒装。
(2011·湖南高考)Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours did they reach a decision.
直到他们讨论那个问题几个小时之后才作出决定。
(3)so/such...that...结构中的so，such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。
So frightened was she that she could not say a word. 她如此害怕以至于一句话也说不出来。
Such great progress did he make that he was praised. 他取得了如此大的进步以至于受到了表扬。
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