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go on a journey = go on a trip去旅行(journey指长途旅行,trip 指短途旅行 travel指长时间,远距离的旅行,尤指出国旅行)
be busy with sth= be busy doing sth忙于干某事
打电话的表达:call sb= ring sb= call sb up = ring sb up = give sb a call= phone sb raise举起= put up : raise your right hand = put up your right hand 提高Don’t raise your voice at me. 养育He raised a large family.
to do 不定式的用法:
1.宾语:want / hope/ decide / wish / like / plan / try / expect to do sth 2.宾语补足语:want / wish / expect / help / ask sb to do sth
3.主语:It takes sb some time to do sth / It’s +adj+for sb to do sth / To see is to believe. 4.表语:一般在系动词的后面:To see is to believe. 5.状语:目的状语:I get up early to catch the early bus. 原因状语:I’m glad to see you.
结果状语:He is old enough to go to school.
6.后置定语:The best way to relax is through exercise.
break 过去式是broke 过去分词broken ,broken也可作形容词,损坏的,残缺的
write to sb= write a letter to sb写信给某人hear from sb = get/receive a letter from sb收到某人的来信thank you for doing sth = thanks for doing sth谢谢你干某事
make / find / think it +adj for sb to do sth在这个结构中,it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是to do sth 使干某事对于某人来说是…的/发现干某事对于某人来说是…的/认为干某事对于某人来说是…的
I find it difficult for me to learn English well.
make a (big/ great) difference to sb/sth对某人或某物产生了(巨大的)影响 The accident made a big difference to his life.
make no difference to sb/ sth对某人或某物没有影响It made no difference to me.
imagine +n/ 代/ doing sth I can’t imagine l iving without clean water. imagine+宾语从句Imagine that you are in space.
difficulty:具体的概念,困难,难题,难事,可数名词,复数difficulties 抽象的困难,不可数:have difficulty (in) doing sth
train: 名词,火车
动词,培训,训练train sb/sth to do sth
训练某人或某物干某事train sb / sth in 在…方面训练某人
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training 名词培训,训练
send sb sth = send sth to sb 把…寄给/送给某人
be interested in = take an interest in对…感兴趣(interest 作为名词,可数,复数interests)
擅长do well in = be good at = be strong in work out fine 效果显著
Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
do the dishes洗碗 sweep the floor扫地 take out the rubbish倒垃圾make the bed整理床铺 fold the clothes叠衣服 clean the living room打扫客厅 get a ride搭便车 give sb a ride让某人搭便车 stay out late深夜不归go out for dinner外出吃饭 take out 拿出,取出 work on从事
finish doing sth完成干某事 any minute now= any moment now= any time now随时,马上 solve the problem解决问题 answer the question回答问题 come over过来,顺便来访 as +adj/adv as possible 尽可能…. all the time一直,频繁,反复 in surprise吃惊地,好奇地 hang out闲逛
look through浏览 pick up捡起,开车接某人 take an active part in积极参加 play a part (role) in (doing) sth参与到做某事
提出礼貌请求的句型:Could you (please) do sth?
肯定回答:Yes, sure./ Certainly/Of course problem / All right / OK 等。 否定回答:No, I can’t./ Sorry, I can’t./ I’m afraid I can’t等 否定结构是:Could you please not do sth?
请求对方许可的句型:Could I / we do sth? (不用Please) 肯定答:Yes, you can. 否定答:No, you can’t.
two hours of TV is enough 时间,距离,金钱,度量作主语,常看作一个整体,谓语动词用三单形式 如:Twenty years is a long time.
be angry with sb生某人的气
be angry at / about sth因某事而生气
throw 扔,掷,动词,过去式是threw throw down扔下
throw at 向…扔(有恶意)
throw sth to sb = throw sb sth扔给某人某物
throw away 扔掉throw about到处乱扔Don’t throw about rubbish.
the minute = the moment= as soon as 一…就….,引导时间状语从句,注意“主将从现”
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I will meet her the minute she gets off the plane. Please call me as soon as you arrive there.
as +形容词或副词原级+as 和..一样not as …as / not so … as 不如,不及
English is as important as math. 英语和数学一样重要English is not as important as math.英语不如数学重要
neither 两者都不,是both反义词,作为代词,常和介词of连用,neither of 后面的名词常为复数,但谓语动词用三单形式(在一些非正式的情况下,也会用复数) Neither of the parents knows English.
neither A nor B 既不…也不… 连接两个名词做主语,就近原则:Neither he nor I am right. 适用就近原则的有:Neither A nor B; either A or B; Not only A but also B Both A and B连接两个名词作主语,谓语用复数。
neither+ be动词/助动词/情态动词+主:A不…,B也不(前面一种否定情况同样适用于后者)
Jane doesn’t like English, neither do I . (这里的neither可以换成nor) Jane can’t swim, neither can I.( Nor can I )
so +be 动词/助动词/情态动词+ 主:A…,B 也…(前面一种肯定情况同样适用于后者)
Jane likes English, so do I . Jane can swim , so can I.
so+ 主+ be动词/助动词/情态动词:A…,A的确如此(前后两个句子讨论同一个人) Jane likes English, so she does. Jane can swim, so she can.
pass sth to sb = pass sb sth把…递给某人 lend sb sth = lend sth to sb把…借给某物 借:borrow 借进,借入borrow… from 从…借
lend (过去式lent) 借出lend sth to sb = lend sb sth
表示借东西借了多久,用keep: How long can I keep the book? You can keep it for 2 weeks.
when &while:
when 引导时间状语从句,从句的动词通常都是非延续性动词,有时也会用延续性动词,从句的时态通常是一般过去时,一般现在时
while引导时间状语从句,从句的动词通常都是延续性动词,从句的时态通常都是进行时或现在时
此外,while还有“而”的含义,表示前后的对比:He likes English while I like math.
waste: 名词 a waste of time 浪费时间 a waste of money浪费金钱 动词Don’t waste paper.
形容词,废弃的Don’t pour waste water into the river. 四个“花”
1.spend人作主语,常用结构:spend time/ money on sth She spent a lot of money on clothes.
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spend time/ money (in) doing sth I spent 2 hours doing my homework last night. 2. cost 物作主语The book cost me 20yuan.
3. pay 付钱,常和for连用She paid 200yuan for this meal. 4. take, 常用于it takes (took) sb some time to do sth It took me 2 hours to finish my homework last night.
there is no need for sb to do sth某人没有必要干某事
It’s one’s job to do sth干某事是某人的工作It’s teachers’ job to teach students.
It’s one’s duty to do sth干某事是某人的职责It’s our duty to care for the old people.
provide sth for sb = provide sb with sth
They provided a house for him. = They provided him with a house.
in order to +do 为了干某事In order to catch the early bus, he got up at 5:00. in order not to do为了不要干某事In order not be late again, he got up early .
in order that+句子=so that 引导目的状语从句He got up early in order that he can catch the bus.
depend on 依靠,信赖You can’t always depend on your parents.
取决于Whether we will go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
independence名词独立性independent形容词,独立的
develop 动词,发展,壮大,培养The small village developed into a famous city. develop children’s independence培养孩子们的独立性 developed形容词,发达的 developed country发达国家 developing形容词,发展中的developing country发展中国家
development 名词,发展The development in our hometown is surprising.
fair 形容词,公平的,合理的 fairness 名词,公正性,合理性 unfair形容词,不公平的
since 因为,既然 Since everyone is here, let’s start now.
自从…以来 I have lived here since I was born.自从我出生，,我一直住在这里。
take care of = look after = care for 照顾,照料
take good care of = look after…well 好好照顾as a result结果,因此fell ill 生病
the+比较级…,the + 比较级…. The earlier you give up smoking, the better it is for you future.
U nit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?
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