山东科技大学学士学位论文 摘要
摘要
相位式激光测距法由于其计算方便、体积小巧、测距精度高等优点，成为最有发展潜力的距离测量技术。将激光用低频信号进行调制发射，距离信息就隐含在从目标物反射回的调制光波的相位信息中。测出发射与接收光波之间的相位差，通过适当的换算，即可得到待测距离的实际值。
本文首先介绍了相位式激光测距仪的研究背景、意义，总结和概括了激光测距的有关理论基础，并且介绍了相位式激光测距仪的测距原理，提出了测距系统的实现框图；接着围绕接收系统的性能开展深入研究，主要研究探测器件的选择，偏压电路、混频电路、自动增益控制电路的设计等问题；利用Proteus技术对APD偏压电路和自动增益控制电路进行仿真，通过仿真结果不断完善设计。
关键词：激光测距；雪崩二极管；相位；混频；自动增益控制
山东科技大学学士学位论文 摘要
ABSTRACT
The phase-shift laser ranging becomes the most potential technique owing to its compactness, easily data processing,and the high measurement accuracy. By measuring phase difference between emitted modulated waves and receiving modulated waves which are reflected.From the target, we could get the value of distance quite easily through simple calculation.
This paper started from the background, the purposes, meanings of phase-shift laser ranging, then summarized the related theoretical basis of it. The principle of phase laser ranging and a practical ranging system is discussed. This paper concentrate on the researh of improving the porperty of receiving system. Lots of research have done on choosing detection element，design of the bias circuit and automatic gain control circuit. Then，the proteus is used for simulation of them. With the help of the simulation, the design was improved.
Keywords: laser ranging, avalanche diode, phase, mixer circuit, automatic gain control
山东科技大学学士学位论文 目录
目录
1 绪论 ............................................... 1
1.1激光测距技术 ............................................ 1 1.2 激光测距的优点 ......................................... 4 1.3 国内外研究及发展情况 ................................... 4 1.4 课题的研究目的和意义 ................................... 6
2 相位式激光测距技术 ................................. 8
2.1相位式激光测距技术原理 .................................. 8 2.2相位式激光测距多测尺原理 ............................... 10 2.3差频测相原理 ........................................... 12 2.4 自动增益控制原理 ...................................... 14 2.5光电探测器 ............................................. 16
3 相位式激光测距仪接收电路的设计 ....... 错误！未定义书签。
3.1相位式激光测距仪的整体设计 ............................. 23 3.2光电检测器的选择 ....................................... 24 3.3 APD高压偏置电路的设计 ................................. 25 3.4 温度补偿电路 .......................................... 30 3.5自动增益控制电路AGC ................................... 34 3.6混频电路 ............................................... 40
4 仿真结果及分析 ..................................... 44
4.1 APD高压偏置电路的仿真结果及分析 ....................... 44 4.2自动增益控制电路的仿真结果及分析 ....................... 47
山东科技大学学士学位论文 目录
5 设计总结与展望 ..................................... 51 参考文献 ............................................. 52 致谢 ................................................. 54 附录 ................................................. 55
附录一 英语文献及翻译 ..................................... 55 附录二 APD高压发生电路图 .................................. 71 附录三 自动增益控制电路图 ................................. 72 附录四 混频电路电路图 ..................................... 73
