译林牛津英语7B Unit 1 Dream homes 一、重点词汇讲解 1.ninth第九
注:虽然序数词是通过加th来构成的,但有些数词在写法上有些特别的地方。如: one—first,two—second,three—third,five—fifth,nine—ninth,twelve—twelfth,twenty—twentieth 2.share v.分享,共担
share常用的词组是share sth. with sb.
例:I have to share the computer with my father.
Good friends should share joys and sorrows(with each other).好朋友应当同甘共苦。 3.at least
区别:at least与at last很相似,怎么区别呢? at least意思是“至少”,其反义词组为at most,意思是“至多”;而at last是“最终,终于”的意思。
例:We have at least six classes every day. At last,Simon finished the work. 4.in the north of与to the north of
例: Beijing is in the north of China.(北京在中国的北部。) Russia is to the north of China.(俄罗斯在中国的北面。) 5.over,on,above
区别:over意思是“在??正上方”,与under相对;on表示在某物体的上面、表面相互接触;above表示在上面或位置高出,与below相对。 例:There is a glass on the table.
There are many bridges over the Changjiang River.
The plane is flying above the clouds.(飞机在云层上飞行。) 6.102340056
注意:先将数字分节,即102,340,056,从后往前第二节以thousand为单位,第三节以million为单位,因此念作one hundred and two million three hundred and forty thousand and fifty-six.
7.arrive v.到达
注意:一般来说,到达大的地方用in,到达比较小的地方用at。 例:I’ll arrive in Nanjing next Monday.
I think Wang Lei will arrive at the village at 10:00 tonight. 但arrive后如果是there,here,home等副词则不能用介词。 比较:I’ll arrive at your home to do homework with you. Don’t worry.I’ll arrive home before sunset(日落). 8.friendly adj. 友好的
注意:尽管这个词是以ly结尾,但它是形容词,类似的还有lovely(可爱的),lively(活泼的),brotherly(兄弟般的)。
例:The students in our class are friendly with each other. 9.write down写下
注意:write down是“动词+副词”形式构成的短语,代词作宾语应放在中间,名词作宾语,可置于中间也可置于其后,类似的短语还有put on,take off等。 例:Write your name down on the paper.=Write down your name on the paper. It’s a new word,write it down in your notebook.
10.句型Subject+Verb+Object及Wh-+Verb+Subject
注意:第一个句型即“主+谓+宾”,第二个句型即“特殊疑问词+be动词+主语”。 例:I like ball games.
What is your telephone number? We will visit the Summer Palace. Where are your books? 二、语法讲解
1.序数词的作用和构成方式
(1)序数词是用来修饰名词或代词。
例:Liu Mei is the first one to come to school every day.(刘梅每天第一个到校。) The first lesson is not so difficult.(第一课并不难。) (2) 序数词的构成有如下特点: a. 1~19除第一(first),第二(second),第三(third)有特殊形式外,其余均在基数词后加th构成。
b有几个序数词后加th时拼法不规则,它们是fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth。 c.十位整数的序数词的构成方法是:先将十位数的词尾y变为i,再加eth。
d..基数词“n+n”变为序数词时,仅将个位数变为序数词,十位数不变。如twenty-one变成twenty-first。
e.序数词的缩写形式是由阿拉伯数字再加上序数词的最后两个字母,如1st,2nd,3rd,4th,31th,82nd,93rd,94th等。 注意:序数词前常加定冠词the。 三、 例题精讲
1.Mr. Mott lives on the__(第十)floor of the building. 导析:本题是考查序数词的用法,应填tenth。
2.What present shall we give Grandma for her__(ninety)birthday?
导析:由题意知是奶奶的九十岁生日,即第九十个生日,应填ninetieth。还应注意,如果序数词前有my,his等词修饰,则不需要再加冠词the。又如:This is my first chance to go to Beijing.(这是我第一次去北京的机会。) 3.There is a tall statue__(在??之间)the two building.
导析:本题是考查介词知识,在两者之间用between,以后我们会碰到among这个词,它的意思是“在三者以上的人或物之间”。 例:He built his house among the trees.(他把房子建在树林中。)
4.There are__people in my family.We live on the__floor in a tall building. A.five;six B.fifth;sixth C.fifth;six D.five;sixth
导析:基数词表示数量的多少,序数词表示顺序或次序,题意为“我家有五口人,住在第六层”。正确答案是D。
5. I’ll arrive__your home to visit you. A.in B.at C.to D./
导析:到达大的地方用介词in,小地方用at。尽管此句中有home一词,但它此时用作名词而不是副词,所以不能选D而应选B。
6.(汉译英)Simon和他的哥哥共用一个卧室。 导析:不能译作:Simon shares a bedroom and his brother.因为“和某人共用某物”应译作“share sth. with sb.”,所以应译作:Simon shares a bedroom with his brother.

