期末复习专题（二）名词性从句（重点：主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句）
1. 主语从句
概念： 结构：
常用用法：
1. 由that, wh-, how引导 ------从句意思完整，用that引导(that不能省)；其他就根据句子意思选用不同的引导词
1) _________he will succeed is certain . 2) _________ he will go there is not known .
3) _________ he said is not true . 4) _______ they’ll start the work has not been decided yet. 5) _________ the book will sell depends on its author. 6) _________he is the best student in the class is obvious.
7) _________he will come is certain. 8) _______ she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.
9) _________surprised me most was to see some of the village people seated on the benches. 10) ______ we’ll go camping depends on _____ it will be fine tomorrow. 11) _____ she comes or not makes no difference.
12) _____ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. 13) _____ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present 14) ________ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. 15) ________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. 实例：
____________________________________ made us very happy.她当选了使我们很高兴.
____________________________ is a complete mystery.是什么导致了这次事故还完全是一个谜. ____________________________________ is still a question.她是否来还是一个问题.
____________________________________ is still unknown.哪个队会赢得这场比赛还不知道. ___________________________ will receive a present. 任何来参加聚会的人都将收到一份礼物. ____________________________________ has not been decided yet.他们何时出发还没决定.
2. it 作形式主语
请记住句型：It is + adj. +从句
It + be +过去分词+从句
_______________________________ President Obama will visit our school next week. （据报道） _______________________________ he is a beggar. （很明显）
_____________________________ the man should have stuck to his silly ideas. （很奇怪） _______________ he has gone to shanghai.(=He is said to have gone to shanghai. （据说） _______________________________ he will win the match. （很确定）
_______________________ he has made a very important discovery in chemistry. （真的）
_______________________________ Li Hua is the best student in our class. （众所周知）_______________________________ they will hold a meeting. （很可能）
________________________ at least a score of buildings were damaged or destroyed. （有人相信）
_______________________________ we all should attend the meeting. （很重要）
______________________________ the work should be done with great care. （有人建议）
★补充一种很重要的用法：---ing 做主语
Doing morning exercises is very improtant to our health. Listening to light music makes me relaxed.
用主语从句翻译短文：
小凤是个好女孩，这是大家都知道的。据说，他经常帮助思聪学习英语。他们是怎样成为好朋友的还是一个谜(mystery)。很明显的是，他们相处很融洽。据报道，后来思聪爱上小凤了。至于他们什么时候会结婚还没有决定。
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2. 同样理解：宾语从句？
概念： 结构：
常用用法：
1.由that, wh-, how引导 ------从句意思完整，用that引导(that可省)；其他就根据句子意思选用不同的引导词
1） Now I want to know ________I can do.
2） John said ________ he was leaving for London on Wednesday
3） I worry about ________ he can pass through the crisis of his illness. 4） I didn’t know ________they were talking about.
5） Do you know ________ winter is colder than summer? 6） He couldn’t tell ________ his home was.
7） John made the boy sit still, promising ________nothing would hurt him. 8） I was pleased by________ he told me.
9） He always pays attention to ________ the teacher says.
10） He told of ________he helped the old woman to find her missing son. 实例：
__________________________ it was painted by Jim. 我认为那幅画是Jim所画的。 The teacher said yesterday __________________________. 老师昨天说月亮围着地球转。 He always told me __________________________. 他总是说他年轻的时候在龙山读过书。 I don’t know __________________________. 我不知它是真是假。 I have no idea __________________________. 我不知道他去了哪里。 Do you know __________________________? 你知道他中午吃了什么？ I wonder __________________________. 我想知道它是真是假。
I think _________________________________________________. 我觉得我们应该多做练习，还要提高学习方法。
I suggest __________________________. 我建议我们明天早点出发。
2. it 作形式宾语
请记住句型：sb find/think/consider/believe/feel + it + adj + 不定式或that从句
我觉得学好英语很难。 ________________________________________________________ 小明认为有必要提醒他。 ________________________________________________________ 每个人都觉得每天保证充足的睡眠很重要。_________________________________________ 他发现很难跟这些人相处。 ______________________________________________________
★注意的地方有两个： 1.否定前移
在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词引起的宾语从句中，有时谓语尽管是否定意义，却不用否定形式，而将think 等动词变为否定形式。 I don’t think you are right. (我认为你做的不对) 2. 在表示：
建议 suggest 、advise、 propose; 要求 demand 、desire、 request； 命令 order、 command、require; 坚决主张 insist;
等动词后跟宾语从句,用 (should) + V原形．（虚拟语气）
I suggested that you (should) study hard． He ordered that we should go out at once．
但是suggest表示“表明，暗示”的意思是，不用虚拟语气， His pale face suggests that he is ill.
What he said suggested that he was very angry.
用宾语从句翻译短文：
有人问思聪为什么喜欢小凤。他说小凤是个好女孩。他觉得很容易跟小凤相处。每个人都建议他们早点结婚。
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3. 只要理解了宾语从句，表语从句还会远吗？
概念： 结构： 常用用法：
由that, wh-, how引导 ------从句意思完整，用that引导(that可省)；其他就根据句子意思选用不同的引导词
另外补充两个句型：
This is because ……………… 这是因为
It looks/looked/seems/seemed as if/as though ……………… 似乎/好像……………
练习：
1. This was ________ Tom was reading. 2. The truth is ________ I have never been there. 3. It looks _______ _______ it is going to rain.
4. The reason why he was late was _______ he got up late.
5. This is ________ we overcame the difficulties. 6. That is ________ she was absent yesterday. 7. The question is _________the film is worth seeing.
8. What I can’t understand is __________ she wants to change her mind.
9. The question is _________ he did it. 10. That is _________ he was born. 11. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。________________________________________________ 12. 这正是我想要的。________________________________________________
13. 这就是我们的问题所在。________________________________________________ 14. 那就是他为什么不到会的原因。________________________________________________ 15. 看上去天要下雨了。________________________________________________
16. 他迟到的原因是他起的太晚了。________________________________________________ 17. 这是因为他听不进我们的建议。________________________________________________
用表语从句翻译短文：
似乎小凤不再爱思聪了。这是因为思聪不会做饭。而事实是思聪经常在外吃晚饭的。其实他们相处不来的原因是他们都忙于自己的工作，没多少时间见面。
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综合翻译练习：
1. 人们很难预测未来的生活会是什么样。 2. 你能告诉我他没有来上课的原因吗? 3. 每个人都知道抽烟对人体有害。 4. 我不知道我明天有没有空。 5. 他经常注意老师说的话。 6. 我们认为小王昨天没来很奇怪。 7. 他不知道发生了什么事情。 8. 他所说的话是真的。
9. 问题是我们能否在如此短的时间里做好准备。10. 还没有决定学生什么时候开运动会。 11. 他迟到的原因是他起的太晚了。 12. 现在我想知道我能做什么事。 13.物价要上涨(go up)是明显的。 14.不清楚她为什么那样做。 15.你对我说的话很有用。 16.很奇怪他对此一无所知。 17.困难是我们缺乏资金。 18.问题是他是否能够帮助我。 19.他缺课（absent）是因为他帮助老人。 20.这就是为什么你会成功。
