1999年
Part Ⅰ Structure and Vocabulary Section A Directions:
Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with pencil. (5 points)
1. Anyone with half an eye on the unemployment figures knew that the assertion about economic recovery ______ just a round the comer was untrue.
[A] would be [B] to be [C] was [D] being
2. Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills ______ people each year than automobile accidents. [A] seven more times [B] seven times more [C] over seven times [D] seven times
3. It's easy to blame the decline of conversation on the pace of modern life and on the vague changes ______ place in our over-changing world.
[A] taking [B] to take [C] take [D] taken
4. This is an exciting area of study, and one ______ which new applications are being discovered almost daily.
[A] from [B] by [C] in [D] through
5. ______ can be seen from the comparison of these figures, the principle involves the active participation of the patient in the modification of his condition.
[A] As [B] What [C] That [D] It
6. Although I had been invited to the opening ceremony, I was unable to attend ______ such short notice. [A] to [B] in [C] with [D] on
7. California has more light than it knows ______ to do with but everything else is expensive.
[A] how [B] what [C] which [D] where
8. The solution works only for couples who are self-employed, don't have small children and get along ______ to spend most of their time together.
[A] so well [B] too well [C] well as [D] well enough
9. Marlin is a young man of independent thinking who is not about ______ compliments to his political leaders.
[A] paying [B] having paid [C] to pay [D] to have paid
10. These proposals sought to place greater restrictions on the use and copying of digital information than ______ in traditional media.
[A] exist [B] exists [C] existing [D] to exist Section B
Directions:
Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D .Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (5 points)
11. Your math instructor would have been happy to give you a makeup examination had you gone and explained that your parents had been ill at the time.
A. would have been B. had you gone C. explained D. had been
12. As the children become financially independent of the family, the emphasis on family financial security will shift from protection to save for the retirement years.
A. financially B. of C. on D. to save
13. Were the Times Co. to purchase another major media company, there is no doubt that it could
dramatically transform a family - ran enterprise that still gets 90% of its revenues from newspapers.
A. Were B. could C. a family – ran D. its
14. Symposium talks will cover a wide range of subjects from overfishing to physical and environment factors that affect the populations of different species.
A. a wide range B. from C. environment D. populations
15. Conversation calls for a willingness to alternate the role of speaker with one of listener, and it calls for occasional 'digestive pauses' by both.
A. a B. one C. listener D. by
16. If two theories are equal to their ability to account for a body of data, the theory that does so with the smaller number of assumptions is to be preferred.
A. to B. for C. does so D. to be preferred
17. The Committee adopted a resolution requiring the seven automakers selling the most cars in the state making 2 percent of those vehicles emissions - free by 1998.
A. requiring B. selling C. making D. emissions - free
18. As long as poor people, who in general axe colored, are in conflict with richer people who in general are lighter skin, there's going to be a constant racial conflict in the world.
A. As long as B. conflict with C. lighter D. skin
19. All those left undone may sound greatly in theory, but even the truest believer has great difficulty when it comes to specifics.
A. left undone B. greatly C. truest believer D. when
20. Even if automakers modify commercially produced cars to run on alternative fuels, the cars won't catch on in a big way when drivers can fill them up at the gas station.
A. Even if B. on C. fuels D. when Section C
Directions:
Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four chokes marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points )
21. An important property of a scientific theory is its ability to ______ further research and further thinking about a particular topic.
[A] stimulate [B] renovate [C] arouse [D] advocate
22. Although architecture has artistic qualities, it must also satisfy a number of important practical ______. [A] obligations [B] regulations [C] observations [D] considerations 23. Life insurance is financial protection for dependents against loss ______ the bread -winner's death. [A] at the cost of [B] on the verge of [C] as a result of [D] for the sake of
24. In education there should be a good ______ among the branches of knowledge that contribute to effective thinking and wise judgment.
[A] distribution [B] balance [C] combination [D] assignment
25. The American dream is most ______ during the periods of productivity and wealth generated by American capitalism.
[A] plausible [B] patriotic [C] primitive [D] partial
26. Poverty is not ______ in most cities although, perhaps because of the crowded conditions in certain areas, it is more visible there.
[A] rare [B] temporary [C] prevalent [D] segmental
27. People who rye in small towns often seem more friendly than those living in ______ populated areas. [A] densely [B] intensely [C] abundantly [D] highly
28. As a way of ______ the mails while they were away, the Johnsons asked the cleaning lady to send little printed slips asking the senders to write again later.
[A] picking up [B] coping with [C] passing out [D] getting across
29. Tom's mother tried hard to persuade him to ______ from his intention to invest his savings in stock market.
[A] pull out [B] give up [C] draw in [D] back down
30. An increasing proportion of our population, unable to live without advanced medical ______ , will become progressively more reliant on expensive technology.
[A] interference [B] interruption [C] intervention [D] interaction
31. These causes produced the great change in the country that modernized the ______ of higher education from the mid- 1860's to the mid- 1880's.
[A] branch [B] category [C] domain [D] scope
32. Nobody yet knows how long and how seriously the ______ in the financial system will drag down the economy.
[A] shallowness [B] shakiness [C] scantiness [D] stiffness 33. Crisis would be the right term to describe the ______ in many animal species. [A] minimization [B] restriction [C] descent [D] decline 34. The city is an important railroad __ and industrial and convention center. [A] conjunction [B] network [C] junction [D] link
35. Prof. White, my respected tutor, frequently reminds me to ______ myself of every chance to improve my English.
[A] assure [B] inform [C] avail [D] notify
36. Researchers discovered that plants infected with a virus give off a gas that ______ disease resistance in neighboring plants.
[A] contracts [B] activates [C] maintains [D] prescribe
37. Corporations and labor unions have ______ great benefits upon their employees and members as well as upon the general public.
[A] conferred [B] granted [C] flung [D] submitted
38. The movement of the moon conveniently provided the unit of month, which was ______ from one new moon to the next.
[A] measured [B] reckoned [C] judged [D] assessed
39. The judge ruled that the evidence was inadmissible on the grounds that it was ______ to the issue at hand.
[A] irrational [B] unreasonable [C] invalid [D] irrelevant
40. Fuel scarcities and price increases ______ automobile designers to scale down the largest models and to develop completely new lines of small cars and trucks.
[A] persuaded [B] prompted [C] imposed [D] enlightened
Part Ⅱ Cloze Test
Directions:
For each numbered bland; in the following passage, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)
Industrial safety does not just happen. Companies (41) low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and continue working to keep them (42) and active. When the work is well done, a (43) of accident free operations is established (44) time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum.
Successful safety programs may (45) greatly in the emphasis placed on certain aspects of the program.
Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding. Others stress safe work practices by (46) rules or regulations. (47) others depend on an emotional appeal to the worker. But, there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maxi mum results are to be obtained.
There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial stand-point alone, safety (48) . The fewer the injury (49) , the better the workman's insurance rate. This may mean the difference between operating at (50) or at a loss. 41. [A] at [B] in [C] on [D] with
42. [A] alive [B] vivid [C] mobile [D] diverse
43. [A] regulation [B] climate [C] circumstance [D] requirement 44. [A] where [B] how [C] what [D] unless 45. [A] alter [B] differ [C] shift [D] distinguish 46. [A] constituting [B] aggravating [C] observing [D] justifying 47. [A] Some [B] Many [C] Even [D] Still
48. [A] comes off [B] turns up [C] pays off [D] holds up
49. [A] claims [B] reports [C] declarations [D] proclamations 50. [A] an advantage [B] a benefit [C] an interest [D] a profit
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
Directions:
Each of the passage below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked [A] , [B], [C] and [D]. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (40 points)
Passage 1
It's a rough world out there, Step outside and you could break a leg slipping on your doormat. Light up the stove and you could burn down the house. Luckily, if the doormat or stove failed to warn of coming disaster, a successful lawsuit might compensate you for your troubles. Or so the thinking has gone since the early 1980s, when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers' misfortunes.
Feeling threatened, companies responded by writing ever - longer warning labels, trying to anticipate every possible accident, Today, stepladders carry labels several inches long that warn, among other things, that you might — surprise !— fall off. The label on a child's Batman cape cautions that the toy \fly.\
While warnings are often appropriate and necessary — the dangers of drug interactions, for example — and many are required by state or federal regulations, it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured. About 50 percent of the companies lose when injured customers take them to court.
Now the tide appears to be turning. As personal injury claims continue as before, some courts arc beginning to side with defendants, especially in cases where a warning label probably wouldn't have changed anything. In May, Julie Nimmons, president of Schutt Sports in Illinois, successfully fought a lawsuit involving a football player who was paralyzed in a game while wearing a Schutt helmet, \but helmets aren't designed to prevent those kinds of injuries,\the game, not the helmet, was the reason for the athlete's injury. At the same time, the American Law Institute — a group of judges, lawyers, and academics whose recommendations carry substantial weight — issued new guidelines for tort law stating that companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones. \at Cornell Law School who helped draft the new guidelines. If the moderate end of the legal community has its way, the information on products might actually be provided for the benefit of customers and not as protection
