2
alWaveObservatory.
Bepartofasupercomputer. Tolinkallthosehomecomputers
Einstein@HomeusesthesoftwarecalledtheBerkeleyOpenInfrastructureforNetworkComputingbetterknownasBOINC.Thesoftwarechoreographs(utsidetheearth.
JointhePlanktonParty. Withoutplankton
lifeintheoceanwouldnotexist.Thesetinyorganismsformthebaseofthefoodchainandplayanimportantroleintheglobalcarboncycle.PlanktonPortalenlists(civilianscientiststoidentifyimagesofplankton
snappedbyInSituIchthyoplanktonImagingSystem(ISIIS)
征
募
，，) ，，
编
排
，，)
thetechnicalaspectofvolunteercomputingandhelpyouuseradiotelescopesignalstosearchforcreatureso
anunderwaterrobotengineeredattheUniversityofMiami.ISIIShastakenmillionsofimagesinoceansaroundtheworld
；
classifyingtheimageshelpsresearchersunderstandplanktondiversity
，
habitatandbehavior.
语篇解读 本文属于广告布告类阅读，主要介绍了NSF组织为一些想成为平民科学家的人所提供的一些帮助项目，这些项目都是我们日常生活中能实现的研究实验。 36．Accordingto“Joinagroupofbirders”，eBird’ssystemhelpspeoplefindtheinformationabout. A．therecordpaperofitsdatabase C．morethan100,000activeusers 答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据Joinagroupofbirders.中的第二句“Withmorethan100,000activeusers，eBird’ssystemisatreasureofinformationonbirdpopulation
，
distributionandhabitat
，
B．thespreadingareasofabirdspecies D．thelivinghabitsofabirdspecies
whichuserscanexploreinrealtime.”可知，eBird系统能帮助人们找到鸟类的分散区域，故选B。 37．Youcanjoin“Counteverydrop”ifyouareinterestedin. A．space C．animals 答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据Counteverydrop.中的第一句“TheCommunityCollaborativeRain，HailandSnowNetwork(CoCoRaHS)
isthelargestproviderofdailyprecipitation(
降
水
)
B．weather D．organisms
2
2
observationsintheUnitedStates.”可知，“Counteverydrop”是测量日常的降水量，故选B。 38．Whichofthefollowingtwoprogramsisrelatedtothespaceexploration? A．“Joinagroupofbirders”and“Counteverydrop”．
B．“Counteverydrop”and“Searchforstarswithyourcomputer”． C．“Searchforstarswithyourcomputer”and“Bepartofasupercomputer”． D．“Bepartofasupercomputer”and“JointhePlanktonParty”． 答案 C 解析 ““
细节理解题。根据
”
以
Searchforstarswithyourcomputer.中的及
Bepartofasupercomputer.编
排
中
的)
Volunteersdiscoveredabout50stars
Thesoftwarechoreographs(
thetechnicalaspectofvolunteercomputingandhelpyouuseradiotelescopesignalstosearchforcreaturesoutsidetheearth.”可知，这两个项目是跟探索太空有关的，故选C。 39．Planktonisvitalto. A．sharks C．snakes 答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据JointhePlanktonParty.中的第一句“Withoutplankton，lifeintheoceanwouldnotexist.”可知，浮游生物对于海洋生命至关重要，选项中只有sharks“鲨鱼”属于海洋生命，故选A。
40．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage? A．MaketheMostofComputers! C．BePartofSpaceExploration! 答案 B
解析 标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了NSF组织为一些想成为平民科学家的人所提供的一些帮助项目，故选B。
B
(2017·天津十二区县二模)
Mostpeoplewillexperienceatleastonewrongmedicaldiagnosisintheirlifetimeresultinginhealthproblems
，
psychologicalsufferingandfinancialcost
，，
B．BecomeaCitizenScientist! D．MakeaContributiontoNSF! B．elephants D．eagles
accordingtoanewreport.Becausediagnosticerrorsaregenerallydiscoveredinretrospect(回顾)，researcherssaidmoreworkneedstobedonetoimprovemedicalteamsandfindwaystoavoiderrorsthatcanc
2
2
hangepeople’slifeinthedistantfuture.
“Diagnosisisacollectiveeffortthatofteninvolvesateamofhealthcareprofessionals—fromprimarycarephysicianstonurses
，”
saidJohnBall
，
chairofthecommitteewhichwrotethereport.
“Thetypeofasinglephysicianobservingapatientcaseanddecidingadiagnosisisnotalwaysaccurate，andadiagnosticerrorisnotalwaysduetohumanerrors.Thereforetomakeitpossibletoreducediagnosticerrors
wehavetolookmorebroadlyattheentireprocessofhowadiagnosisismade.”
Theresearcherssaidtherearenotenoughdataondiagnosticerrors
，，，
andeffortstoimprovediagnosisandreduceerrorshavenotbeenfrequent.Themedicalculturediscouragestransparencyandmakesitmoredifficulttocorrectthem.Theblameliesincooperationandcommunicationbetweenmembersofmedicalteamstreatingpatients，patientsthemselves，andtheirfamilies.Besidesthis，researchersfoundthehealthcaresystemisnotdesignedforthecollaborationneededinthediagnosticprocessandthatdiagnosiswillcontinuetoworsenifnewideasarenotputforward.
Thecommitteerecommendedmoreinformation，fromelectronichealthrecordstotestresults，bemademoreeasilyavailabletofamiliesandcaregivers
，
tohelpthembetterlearnandunderstandwhatisgoingonwiththeirhealth.Creatinganenvironmentforpatientstoquestionadiagnosisoraddinformationabouttheirconditioncouldalsohelpbetterinfluencediagnosis.
Mostsignificantly
，
theresearcherssaidmethodsneedtobeestablishedtomakecommunicationbetweendoctorsandpatientseasier.Doctorscurrentlyarenotencouragedorpaidtocommunicatewithpatientsasmuchastheyshouldbe. 语篇解读 本文主要讲述了诊断错误这一现象出现的原因，以及为减少诊断错误提出的建议。 41．Itcanbeinferredfromthenewreportthat. A．diagnosticerrorshaveagreatinfluenceonpeople B．newwaysarefoundtoavoiddiagnosticerrors C．nobodycanavoidthosediagnosticerrors D．diagnosticerrorsaredifficulttobefound 答案 A 解“
析
推
理
判
断
题
。
根
据
第
一
段
第
一
句
中
的，
Mostpeoplewillexperienceatleastonewrongmedicaldiagnosisintheirlifetime
resultinginhealthproblems，psychologicalsufferingandfinancialcost...”可知，诊断错误对人们有很大的影响，故选A。
42．Whydoesthemedicalculturemakethecorrectionofdiagnosticerrorssodifficult?
2
2
A．Forlackofadvancedtechnologicalequipment.
B．Forlackofstrictrulesofmanagingthemedicalenvironment. C．Forlackofenoughprofessionalknowledgeaboutmedicaltreatment.
D．Forlackofcooperationandcommunicationbetweenphysicians，patientsandtheirfamilies. 答案 D 解
析
细
节
理
解
题
。
根
据
第
三
段
第
二
、
三
句
“Themedicalculturediscouragestransparencyandmakesitmoredifficulttocorrectthem.Theblameliesincooperationandcommunicationbetweenmembersofmedicalteamstreatingpatients
，
patientsthemselves，andtheirfamilies.”可知，医师、病人及其家属之间缺乏合作与沟通使诊断错误的校正如此困难，故选D。 43．WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout? A．Researchesonthediagnosticprocess. B．Newwaystobetterprotectpatients. C．Adviceonreducingdiagnosticerrors. D．Communicationbetweenpatientsanddoctors. 答案 C
解析 段落大意题。第四段内容主要给出了降低诊断错误风险的几点建议，故选C。 44．Whyiscommunicationbetweendoctorsandpatientsnotmuch? A．Becauseofthedifferentbelief. B．Becauseofthemedicalsituation. C．Becauseofbeingshortofmoney. D．Becauseofthecurrentrules. 答案 B 解
析
推
理
判
断
题
。
根
据
第
三
段
第
二
句
“Themedicalculturediscouragestransparencyandmakesitmoredifficulttocorrectthem.”以及下文内容可知，是医疗文化现状导致医生与病人的沟通少，故选B。 45．Thepassagemostprobablycomesfrom. A．ahospitaladvertisement C．asciencebook 答案 B
解析 文章出处题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了诊断错误这一现象出现的原因，以
B．amedicalmagazine D．aresearchreport
2