摘 要
本设计中首先介绍了步进电机的工作原理、控制特点和运行状态，然后给出了步进电机的单片机控制系统的总体设计方案。在这个控制系统中，单片机选用AT89C51，其作为控制核心，担负着产生脉冲，发送、接受控制命令等任务；脉冲分配采用硬件方法，由8713接收到单片机的控制信号后产生相应的控制脉冲，避免了软件法在不停地产生脉冲时占用的时间；采用单电压驱动的方法驱动电机带动负载运行；利用键盘、显示专用芯片8279能够以较简单的硬件电路和较少的软件开销实现微型机与键盘和LED显示器接口。本设计最后详细介绍了硬件部分和软件部分的实现方法。
关键词：单片机；步进电机；速度控制;ZLG7290;显示器
Abstract
The design introduces the working principle of stepper motor,
control features and operations, and then gives the stepper motor microcontroller control system design programs. In this control system, the SCM selecting AT89C51, the control center of the shoulder produces pulses, sending, receiving control commands and other tasks; pulse distribution method using hardware from the 8713 chip control signals received resulting from the corresponding control pulse, to avoid software method to generate pulses in constant time occupied; adopt a single voltage-driven approach drive motor to drive the load operation; use of keyboard, display 8279 can be dedicated to simple hardware and less software overhead to achieve keyboard and LED display interface. Finally introduce the hardware and software implementation methods in detail. Key
words: SCM; stepper motor; speed control；
ZLG7290;display；
目 录
摘 要 ...................................................................................... I Abstract ................................................................................. II 第一章 绪论 ........................................................................... 1
1.1步进电机概述 ................................................................ 1 1.2课题研究的主要容 .......................................................... 2
1.2.1研究容 ................................................................. 2 1.2.2论文安排 .............................................................. 2
第二章步进电机控制系统设计方案 ............................................... 3
2.1步进电机的系统 ............................................................. 3 2.2步进电机的失步现象 ....................................................... 5 2.3步进电机控制系统的组成 ................................................. 6 2.4系统的控制过程 ............................................................. 7 第三章 步进电机控制系统硬件部分 .............................................. 9
3.1硬件电路图 ................................................................... 9 3.2采用51系列单片机AT89C51作为控制器 ...................... 10
3.2.1 AT89C51的主要性能 .......................................... 10 3.2.2 AT89C51引脚功能说明 ....................................... 10 3.3步进电机的驱动电路 ..................................................... 15
3.4 LED显示电路 ............................................................. 16
3.4.1 LED显示器的结构原理 ........................................ 16 3.4.2 LED显示接口 .................................................... 18 3.5可编程键盘/显示控制器ZLG7290电路工作原理 ............. 19
3.5.1 ZLG7290概述 ................................................... 19 3.5.2管脚、引线与功能................................................ 21 3.5.3 ZLG7290键盘、显示接口电路设计 ..................... 23 3.6脉冲分配 .................................................................... 26 第四章 步进电机控制系统软件部分 ............................................ 30
4.1定时器中断服务 ........................................................... 30
4.1.1定时器初值 ......................................................... 30 4.1.2定时器中断服务子程序 ......................................... 31 4.2 速度控制 .................................................................... 31 第五章 总结 ........................................................................... 35 致 ......................................................................................... 36 参考文献 ................................................................................ 37 附录 ...................................................................................... 38
