第二章 代词（二）
4. 指示代词
①常见的指示代词：this, that, these, those。表示“这个（些）、那个（些），用来指代人或”事物。其中this(这个)，that(那个)是单数；these(这些)， those（那些）是复数。 1). This/ these指时间空间上较近的人、物；that/those指时间空间上较远的人、物。 This gift is for you, and that one is for your brother. 练习：我喜欢这些书，但是我不喜欢那些。
2).刚提到的事或者已经做过的事用that；没做过的或即将提到或发生的事用this。 ----I have finished my homework. ----That’s nice.
Now, everybody, watch this.
----She’s going to do some sports this weekend. ----That’s very exciting.
3).在打电话中，this指自己，that指对方. Hi. This is Alan speaking. Who’ s that?
That/ those 还常用来指代已经提到过的名词，以避免重复。 指代可数名词复数时用those,其余用that。
The climate of Japan is not so mild as that of Taiwan. The days in summer are longer than those in winter.
② so的用法
so可用于指代一个句子或短语，指刚说过的事情，译为“这样，如此”。（避免重复） ----Will he come and talk to me at the party?
----I think so./ I don’t think so. ----It’s going to snow this evening. ----I hope so.
If all the things happen again, I will still do so. 练习：他以为我不喜欢他，但我从没这样说过。
5. 不定代词
不确定指代哪个（些）人、事的代词叫不定代词。 常见的不定代词：
Someone, somebody, something Anyone, anybody, anything Everyone, everybody, everything No one, none, nobody, nothing 1). One用法
泛指“一个人，人们” 。 One should do his best all the time. 指特定的人。 He is the one you are looking for.
指代已出现过的“那一个”。 This problem is harder than that one. 练习：我不喜欢这个戒指，可以再给我拿一个吗？ 常见短语：one by one / one after another 一个接一个
one day 过去的某一天；将来的某一天
2). None, no one 用法
None 后可加可数、不可数名词，表示三者或三者以上“没有一个”，或“没有一点” 。no one只能指人。
Every, each, one, other, another, either, neither, no, none, all ,both, many, much, few, little, a few, a little I invited them all but none arrived. No one in my class can understand me. ----How many of you been to Paris? ----None.
----Who knows the answer to this question? ----No one.
练习：没人可以为另一个人而活。
我们中没一个人喜欢这道菜。 3). Either, neither用法 I ai I / I i I Either 指两者中的“任意一个”
You may choose either of these two managers. / You may choose either. Either you come in or get away. 要么….要么… Neither指两者中“任何一个都不” 。
Neither of my parents allows me to learn painting.
I have neither time nor money for traveling. 既不….也不…. Bill and Ellen are your friends. But I know neither. 练习： 当我开心时，我不是唱就是跳。 他家又没房又没地。 4). another, other 用法
Another， 表示三者或三者以上的“另一个” 。
If you don’t like this dress, let me show you another.（商店不可能只有两条裙子）
other， 作形容词表示“其他的” 后通常接名词。 Others, 表示“其他人、事物” =other+名词复数
Some students like English and other students= (others) like physics. （其他的学生） There are no others. 这没其他人。
the other, 特指 “两者中的另一个” （单数）。the others 泛指在一个范围内“其余一些人/事物” （复数）。
I have two brothers. One is a soldier and the other is a sailor. （两者中的另一个） 30 of them are boy students and the others are girls. （班上其余的那些） 练习：
I spend half of my time learning English and _____________half learning drawing. We can solve this problem ____________day. He is always glad to help____________.
I have two bottles, one is blue and _____________is pink.
Some children are cleaning the windows, and __________________are mopping the floor. I don’t like this skirt, please give me _____________. As classmate, they take care of ________________. 5). Little, a little, few, a few 用法
Little, a little 指代不可数名词。 Few, a few 指代可数名词。 A little, a few表示“几个，一些”。 Little, few 表示“几乎没有”。 I invite a lot of friends. But few come.
It’s late, but I can still see a few people in the street. Please put a little sugar in the coffee.
