she did not go quietly into that dentist’s chair.Fear and hate pretty much describe the days leading up to her first appointment.
So when she finally walked out with shiny teeth,a sore mouth and a broken spirit,I told her I was proud of her and took her to Ben & Jerry’s for an ice cream reward.Two weeks later,we returned to the scene of the crime.The dentist spent about 45 seconds checking her teeth before sending her on her merry way.Before I could start the car,she was placing her ice cream order.She was shocked when I told her that she wasn’t going to get a reward every time we got her teeth checked.
Apparently,she’s not alone.According to some parenting experts,kids are easily addicted to a benefit-producing system of parental rewards and bribes(贿赂)—not all ice creams,candies and cool toys.Some parents are offering their children different prizes to just let them sit down and behave in a restaurant—or sleep in their own beds—or score a goal in the next soccer game.
While the experts agree that occasional awards are okay,the danger lies in the system’s overuse.Kids quickly gain a sense of entitlement(应得权益),where they come to expect a big reward for every good thing that they do,no matter how small.To keep things in check,experts say parents should reduce the number of rewards they offer,make sure rewards match the behavior and explain the real benefits of behaving for the sake of behaving.
56.The intended readers of the passage are . A.children B.parents C.teachers D.doctors 57.Misguided by the parental reward system,children easily believe . A.they should benefit from their every desired behavior B.they can be successful as long as they work hard
C.their parents will give them more presents in the future D.their parents will feel happy when they behave well 58.In the author’s opinion, . A.parents provide their children with too many luxurious things B.parents shouldn’t give their children too many rewards C.parents should give their children more spiritual rewards D.parents should tell their children the benefits of rewards 59.Which would be the best title for the passage?
A.Is Your Child Afraid to Visit a Dentist?
B.Do Parents Know How to Help Their Children Behave? C.Are Parents Rewarding Their Children too much? D.Does Your Child Show Interest in Rewards?
B
Swim Birthday Parties
Ages 3 and up.
Pool parties are during recreation swim in the 25-yard pool.Each party consists of an hour of celebration in a private room.Parties are for 1—5 children.All non-swimmers or children requiring floatation must be at arm’s length from the pool and accompanied by an adult or guardian.
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Please contact Sarah Hagan 762—8384x210.
Fee:Members $ 175/Non-members $225 Youth Fitness Birthday Parties
Leave the party activities to us! Your party package includes:1/2 hour set-up,1 hour program time including equipment,props,etc.1 hour party time for cake,presents,etc.,1/2 hour clean-up time and 1 or 2 hours specialists.Parents supply decorations,food and paper goods.To schedule a Youth Fitness Birthday Party,call Mary Ann Genuario(x282). Fee:$295 for up to 10 children,$10 each additional child—16 children maximum. Non-member price available upon request. The Art Spot Birthday Parties
The Art Spot offers a variety of creative fine art parties for Ages 4—Adult! We supply the invitations,a balloon bouquet(花束),paper goods,project materials and a party host;all you need to bring is the cake!
Parties are one and a half hours,the first hour the group create their art project,and last 1/2 hour is for cake and presents! Parites are usually held on Friday nights and weekends but weekday parties are available.
Cost:$21 per child.
Rain or shine there’s no better place than the Art Spot for your child’s next party! Nursery School Birthday Parties
If planning a party is not your thing,let us do the work for you! We offer a variety of pre-planned parties to choose from.You may also do a combination of 2 parties for boy/ girl parties.All parties are on Saturday afternoons between the hours of 12:00 p.m.and 4:00 p.m.and are one and a half hours in length.Parties include a craft or activity and paper goods.You may arrive 15 minutes prior to your scheduled time to set-up.To schedule a party please contact Kim Murphy(x214).
Fee(Up to 15 children):$200 Members/ $250 Non-member,$15 each additional child. 60.The phrase“be at arm’s length”probably means“ ”.
A.be as careful as possible B.be as long as an arm
C.be as near as possible D.be as faraway as possible
61.If 12 children take part in Youth Fitness Birthday Parties,they will pay . A.$ 455 B.$315 C.$ 200 D.$250 62.If your child joins in the Art Spot Birthday Paries,he will . A.swim in the 25-yard pool B.spend half an hour to clean up C.create his own art project D.do activities with other kids 63.What information can you get from the passage?
A.You can schedule the party when it is convenient for you. B.The number of people for these parties is limited. C.You need to bring nothing to join in the birthday parties. D.All of these birthday parties center on a special theme.
C
Pollution is reducing the fragrance of plants and thus preventing bees from pollinating(授粉) them—endangering one of the most essential cycles of nature,a new study suggests.
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The potentially hugely significant research,funded by US National Science Foundation, has found that gases mainly formed from the emissions of car exhaust prevent flowers from attracting bees and other insects to pollinate them.And the scientists who have conducted the study fear that insects’ abilities to drive away enemies and attract mates may also be disturbed.
Professor Jose Fuentes,who led the study,said,“Scent molecules(分子) produced by flowers in a less polluted environment could travel for roughly 1,000 to 1,200 meters. But today they may travel only 200 to 300 meters.This makes it increasingly difficult for bees and other insects to locate the flowers.”
The researchers,who worked on the molecules of snapdragons(金鱼草),found that the molecules are volatile(易挥发的) and quickly bond with pollutants,mainly formed from vehicle emissions.This chemically changes the molecules so that they no longer smell like flowers.A harmful cycle is therefore set up where insects struggle to get enough food and the plants do not get pollinated enough to multiply.
Already bees,which pollinate most of the world’s crops,are in such a great decline that has never been known before in Britain and across much of the globe.At least a quarter of America’s 2.5 million honey bee colonies have been mysteriously wiped out by colony collapse disorder(CCD),where hives are found suddenly deserted.
The crists has now spread to Europe.Politicians insist that CCD has not yet been found in Britain,but considering the present nmber of bees,the agriculture minister Lord Rooker has sent the warning,“The honey bee population could be wiped out in 10 years.” Although the researchers are not certain whether this is the real cause of CCD,they say that pollution is making life more difficult for bees and other insects in many ways. 64.In what way does pollution prevent flowers from attracting bees? A.By stopping flowers from giving off fragrance.
B.By disturbing the bees’ ability to attract mates.
C.By weakening the bees’ ability to fight against enemies.
D.By shortening the distance traveled by the scent molecules of flowers. 65.What harm does the decreasing number of bees do to human beings? A.It will cause humans not to get enough honey.
B.It will reduce the food supplies for the world.
C.Humans will have to depend on other insects to pollinate plants. D.Humans will find it hard to deal with the deserted bee hives. 66.From the passage we can know that . A.Europe is affected greatly by CCD
B.CCD has destroyed most of the honey bee colonies in Europe C.no honey bees will be found all over the world in the near future D.European officials have paid much attention to CCD 67.What would be the best title for the passage? A.Traffic Pollution Puts Bees in Danger B.Traffic Pollution is to Blame for CCD C.Pollution Makes Flowers Lose Their Scent D.Pollution Causes the Decrease in Flowers
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D
Experts say learning disabilities are not with intelligence or the willingness to work hard.The problem,they say,is that some people’s brains process information differently.
By definition,people with learning disabilities are average or above average in their intelligence.But their disorders may affect their ability to gain knowledge and,as a result, limit their success in school or jobs.
Different people can have different kinds of learning disabilities.One person may have difficulty with language development.Another may have problems with reading or writing.Still another may have trouble working with numbers.
People can have more than one disorder,but reading is the most common area of difficulty.
Learning disabilities are neurological(神经系统的) disorders that affect the brain’s ability to store,process and communicate information.The National Center for Learning Disabilities estimates that fifteen million Americans,or five percent,are affected.
The group says three million students in the United States receive some kind of special help in school because of learning disabilities.
There are different names for different disorders.For example,a person who has difficulty reading may have dyslexia.Someone who has trouble with mathematics may have dyscalculia.
Learning disabilities may help explain why some students do not perform as well in school as intelligence tests suggest they should.
People with a learning disability may have trouble following directions.Or they may not know how to start a task.Children who have problems connecting letters with sounds or understanding what they read may be showing signs of learning disabilities.
But since these are a group of disorders,there is no one single sign to look for. Experts say learning disabilities cannot be cured.But people can learn ways to deal with their disorders.
68.Most people with learning disabilities have difficulty . A.with reading B.with writing
C.in working with numbers D.with language development 69.The reason why some students cannot learn successfully is that . A.their intelligence is average or below average B.they are unwilling to work hard at their lessons C.they have trouble with reading and writing D.their brains process information differently 70.What can we infer from the passage?
A.There are more people having difficulty with language development than with reading or writing.
B.People with learning disabilities have a very bad sense of direction.
C.Only a small part of the students with learning disabilities get help from society. D.Neurological disorders prevent some students from performing well in school. 71.The paragraph following this passage will probably talk about . A.how to deal with learning disabilities
B.who will help those with learning disabilities learn successfully
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