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答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。由第五段可知，当别人盗用了你的名字来享受医疗服务后，他的医疗史就成为了你的医疗史，并且清除这些错误记录极其困难，因为你的信息已经给了许多照料者，包括医生、药店、保险公司和实验室。因此，医疗身份盗窃更糟糕的结果是受害者的医疗信息到处传播。故答案为C。干扰项最强的D选项“改变错误的医疗史非常困难”只是医疗身份盗窃的一个直接结果，但不是更糟糕的，因此排除D选项。
阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 (2013·天津，D)
When asked about happiness, we usually think of something extraordinary, an absolute delight, which seems to get rarer the older we get.
For kids, happiness has a magical quality. Their delight at winning a race or getting a new bike is unreserved(毫不掩饰的)．
In the teenage years the concept of happiness changes. Suddenly it's conditional on such things as excitement, love and popularity. I can still recall the excitement of being invited to dance with the most attractive boy at the school party. In adulthood the things that bring deep joy—love, marriage, birth—also bring responsibility and the risk of loss. For adults, happiness is complicated(复杂的)． My definition of happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment”. The more we can enjoy what we have, the happier we are. It's easy to overlook the pleasure we get from the company of friends, the freedom to live where we please, and even good health. I experienced my little moments of pleasure yesterday. First I was overjoyed when I shut the last lunchbox and had the house to myself. Then I spent an uninterrupted morning writing, which I love. When the kids and my husband came home, I enjoyed their noise after the quiet of the day.
Psychologists tell us that to be happy we need a mix of enjoyable leisure time and satisfying work. I don't think that my grandmother, who raised 14 children, had much of either. She did have a network of close friends and family, and maybe this is what satisfied her.
We, however, with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area, have turned happiness into one more thing we've got to have. We're so selfconscious about 教案试题
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our “right” to it that it's making us miserable. So we chase it and equal it with wealth and success, without noticing that the people who have those things aren't necessarily happier.
Happiness isn't about what happens to us—it's about how we see what happens to us. It's the skillful way of finding a positive for every negative. It's not wishing for what we don't have, but enjoying what we do possess.
文章大意：本文是一篇议论文，通过诸多的对比体验点明了幸福的真谛：幸福不是希望获得我们没有的东西，而是享受我们所拥有的东西。幸福就是满足。 16．As people grow older, they ________. A．feel it harder to experience happiness B．associate their happiness less with others C．will take fewer risks in pursuing happiness D．tend to believe responsibility means happiness
答案：A 细节理解题。由第一段which seems to get rarer the older we get 我们越老，幸福变得越来越少。可知随着人们变老，人们越难以体验幸福。故选A项。 17．What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 5 and 6? A．She cares little about her own health. B．She enjoys the freedom of traveling.
C．She is easily pleased by things in daily life. D．She prefers getting pleasure from housework.
答案：C 归纳概括题。第五段总体讲了作者对幸福的定义就是“快乐的能力”，越享受拥有的东西，越快乐。第六段具体讲述了作者的一系列幸福体验。可以看出作者对于日常生活中的一些小细节都很容易感到快乐。故选C项。 18．What can be informed from Paragraph 7?
A．Psychologists think satisfying work is key to happiness. B．Psychologists' opinion is well proved by Grandma' case. C．Grandma often found time for social gatherings.
D．Grandma's happiness came from modest expectations of life.
答案：D 推理判断题。由第七段中知道祖母没有休闲时光，没有令人满意的工作，可是祖母对生活很满足，与心理学家的看法不一致，所以排除AB项。祖母没有休闲时光所以不可能经常找时间进行社交聚会，排除C项。祖母对平淡的生活很满足可以推断出祖母的幸福来自适度的生活期望。故选D项。
19．People who equal happiness with wealth and success ______. A．consider pressure something blocking their way 教案试题
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B．stress their right to happiness too much C．are at a loss to make correct choices D．are more likely to be happy
答案：B 细节理解题。由倒数第二段第二三句话我们过分刻意的追求幸福的权利，因此我们追逐它，把它等同于财富和成功。故选B项。 20．What can be concluded from the passage?
A．Happiness lies between the positive and the negative. B．Each man is the master of his own fate. C．Success leads to happiness. D．Happy is he who is content.
答案：D 主旨大意题。由最后一段得出结论：幸福不是希望获得我们没有的东西，而是享受我们所拥有的东西。也就是说感到满足就是幸福。故选D项。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Language learning begins with listening. Children are greatly different in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and later starters are often long listeners. Most children will “obey” spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word “obey” is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child. Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises. Any attempt to study the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties.
It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves as particularly expressive as delight, pain, friendliness, and so on. But since these can’t be said to show the baby’s intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new words to their store. This self-imitation（模仿）leads on to deliberate（有意的）imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that 教案试题
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these imitations can be considered as speech. It is a problem we need to get out. The meaning of a word depends on what a particular person means by it in a particular situation and it is clear that what a child means by a word will change as he gains more experience of the world .Thus the use at seven months of “mama” as a greeting for his mother cannot be dismissed as a meaningless sound simply because he also uses it at other times for his father, his dog, or anything else he likes. Playful and meaningless imitation of what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself, I doubt, however whether anything is gained when parents take advantage of this ability in an attempt to teach new sounds. 1. Before children start speaking________.
A. they need equal amount of listening B. they need different amounts of listening
C. they are all eager to cooperate with the adults by obeying spoken instructions D. they can’t understand and obey the adult’s oral instructions 2. Children who start speaking late ________. A. may have problems with their listening
B. probably do not hear enough language spoken around them C. usually pay close attention to what they hear D. often take a long time in learning to listen properly 3. A baby’s first noises are ________.
A. an expression of his moods and feelings B. an early form of language
C. a sign that he means to tell you something D. an imitation of the speech of adults
4. The problem of deciding at what point a baby’s imitations can be considered as speech________.
A. is important because words have different meanings for different people B. is one that should be properly understood because the meaning of words changes with age
C. is not especially important because the changeover takes place gradually 教案试题
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D. is one that should be completely ignored because children’s use of words is often meaningless
5. The author implies________.
A. parents can never hope to teach their children new sounds
B. even after they have learnt to speak, children still enjoy imitating C. children no longer imitate people after they begin to speak D. children who are good at imitating learn new words more quickly
(A) 本文讲语言学习从听开始，听得越多，讲得越好。婴孩儿起初的声音不算语言，而是一种情感的表达。但从何时开始算语言并不重要，因为这个转变是个渐变过程。 孩子即使开始讲话，他们始终还是喜欢模仿。 B 细节题。由文章开头第二句可知。
D 细节题。由文章第二句中and later starters are often long listeners可知，开始讲话越晚，学听的时间就越长。
A 细节题。由第六句可知，作者认为这些noises不属于语言，是孩子情感的表达形式。 C 细节题。根据文章It is a problem we need to get out可知，作者认为难以界定，没有特殊界线，属于自然过渡，是渐变过程。
B 推测判断题。由最后一句的前半句可以推断出，孩子始终喜欢模仿。
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