限时规范练11(必修3 Unit 1)
核心素养关键词:培养学生人与社会、了解世界节日的思维意识
一、阅读理解
A
February was a hard month for Internet-connected toys.
First,Germany stopped the sale of My Friend Cayla.The German government believed that hackers (电脑黑客) could use the talking toy to get information on kids.
Then U.S.computer users learned that CloudPets,made by Spiral Toys,had a problem.The toy’s Internet connection allows users to send and receive voice messages.Computer experts discovered that CloudPets’ database was not safe.The private information of more than 820,000 users was at risk of being stolen.
Computer hackers didn’t only hit toys.Many big companies in the U.S.have also been hacked.The hits showed emails,card numbers,fingerprints,and other private information.Experts are looking for ways to fight hackers.Kids are joining the fight and getting ready to lead.
The organizers of CyberPatriot see the advantages of getting an early start in cybersecurity (网络安全).In 2016,69,000 students took part in the cyber-education program.Its goal is to encourage kids to make achievements in cybersecurity and in STEM fields,including science and technology.
CyberPatriot’s central project is the yearly National Youth Cyber Defense Competition.Winners receive some money to help pay for their education.The competition takes place over several months.Student teams manage the computer network at a fictional company.They must find and fix its security problems.From April 3 to 5,the nation’s top teams competed in the finals,in Baltimore,Maryland.
Team Error 37,from Summit Lakes Middle School,in Lee’s Summit,Missouri,won the middle school group.“There will be a lot of jobs that require cybersecurity knowledge,” said team member Keenan Curp,13.
Arjun Pratap Ghoshal,13,also competed in Baltimore.He was the leader of a team from Oak Valley Middle School,in San Diego,California.“We have to teach kids around us about cybersecurity,” he says,“so that we can prevent harmful hacking.” 1.Why was February hard for My Friend Cayla? A.It was less popular among kids. B.It was taken off the market.
C.It couldn’t provide information for kids. D.It couldn’t be connected to the Internet. 2.What’s the purpose of CyberPatriot? A.To get kids to work with scientists. B.To teach kids how to fix computers. C.To keep kids away from computers. D.To educate kids about cybersecurity.
3.What do students do at National Youth Cyber Defense Competition? A.They deal with security problems. B.They help a company solve problems. C.They take exams on security knowledge. D.They discuss things with computer experts.
B
The mind of an elephant should not be underestimated.They are intelligent animals born with both excellent memory and artistic talent.Elephants eat about 495 pounds of vegetarian food a day.They spend about 16 hours a day eating,but must walk about 4 miles a day in search of food.The average elephant lives about 70 years,and its sharp memory allows it to remember places where it has found food as long as 30 years earlier,even as a baby.
In an elephant’s travels,it comes across other elephants also looking for food.Some elephants are friendly,and some are not so nice.Elephants remember every elephant they have ever met.They can even recognize an elephant they perhaps haven’t seen for 30 years.They immediately remember whether this elephant is an enemy or a friend.
When elephants are not searching for food,they sometimes produce art in the sand with their trunks (象鼻).They seem to enjoy just relaxing and painting in the sand.One day,an elephant zoo-keeper noticed this and gave an elephant a paint brush filled with red paint to see if the elephant would paint on a canvas (画布).Sure enough,it did,and since then elephants in most zoos have been given paint brushes,paints,and canvases.The resulting abstract art has been sold for high prices around the world.The money goes to support feeding the elephants in the zoos.Most felt that the elephants were only capable of painting abstracts.However,they have been trained to paint trees,flowers,and other things in nature.This has enabled us to understand “elephant genius” even more.
4.What does the underlined word “underestimated” mean? A.Mistaken. B.Controlled. C.Undervalued. D.Underdeveloped.
5.What can we learn about elephants’ memory? A.It remains excellent for 70 years. B.It differs greatly among elephants. C.It is at its best in the first 30 years. D.It can reach as far back as 30 years.
6.Why did the zoo-keeper give the elephant a brush? A.To attract visitors to it. B.To train it to paint pictures. C.To prove it was a born artist.
D.To find out whether it could draw.
7.Which can best describe elephants according to the text? A.Really brave. B.Highly smart. C.Unusually quiet. D.Extremely friendly.
二、七选五
It could happen anywhere at any time. 1 Most people,at one time or another,have been on the receiving end of a random act of kindness.In a sometimes cold world where people can be so focused on what they’re doing,a random act of kindness can make all the difference.
They can be relatively insignificant.Hannah Bailey from London,for example,told the Metro newspaper about how she was given her fruit and vegetable shopping for free.The seller did her a kindness when it appeared she didn’t have any change to pay. 2 The city of Naples has long had a tradition called “caffè sospeso”.When buying coffee,a person who has recently been lucky would purchase two cups but only drink one,leaving the second one anonymously(匿名),out of the goodness of their heart,for a poor person to claim for free. 3
However,in some cases,these little acts can be a matter of life and death.Take,for example,the unnamed commuter,who in June 2018 fell off a station platform onto an electric railway track in Toronto,Canada.A quick-thinking,but even now unknown,bystander selflessly leapt down to pull him to safety.
So,why do it? 4 The people never meet again.According to UK charity The Mental Health Foundation,acts like these can “give our lives new purpose,show us other perspectives on our own problems and even make us feel content.”
5 Hold open a door for someone,deliver a compliment—even give up your seat on a bus.Help someone who is in need.It takes all kinds.It needn’t be anything huge.One day,whether you need it or not,someone might help you in your hour of need. A.So give it a try.
B.Be brave to face challenges. C.Often,the acts aren’t paid back. D.She was happy about it all day. E.She was in low spirits the whole day.
F.This tradition is now more common worldwide. G.It’s often unexpected,but almost never unappreciated.
三、语法填空
Spending the holidays at home can give you 1.
(much) time than you’re used to.2.
(keep) from getting bored,you can do fun things you’ve been wanting to try.
Cook a holiday meal.Holidays at home provide the perfect chance to cook new or classic 3. (dish).For example,look up recipes online for baking a ham for a spring holiday or frying a turkey for a fall holiday.
Decorate for the holiday.A key way to make sure that you will enjoy the holidays at home is by 4. (decorate) for the holidays.Filling every room 5.more celebratory.
Watch holiday movies.You can look online for lists of popular movies 6. go with whatever holiday you’re celebrating to get you in the holiday spirit.
Host folks at your home.You can also throw a holiday 7. (celebrate) of your own.8. (simple) having a few people over can be enjoyable.Potlucks (百味餐) are especially easy.Let guests know what you’ll be making ahead of time so they don’t bring 9.(interest) to plan an activity.
参考答案
same thing.It can also be 10.
holiday decorations will make your home feel
限时规范练11(必修3 Unit 1)
一、【篇章导读】本文是新闻报道。在网络安全遭受威胁的时候,孩子们加入了共同抵抗电脑黑客的战斗中。
1.B 推理判断题。由第二段中的“stopped the sale”和“hackers could use the talking toy to get information on kids”可知,二月份,由于担心受到电脑黑客的攻击,该玩具被停售。 2.D 推理判断题。由第五段中的“Its goal is to encourage kids to make achievements in cybersecurity and in STEM fields,including science and technology.”可推断,该组织的目的是让孩子们获得更多有关网络安全的知识。
3.A 细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“They must find and fix its security problems.”可知答案。
【篇章导读】本文是说明文。大象是一种特别聪明的动物,不仅过目不忘而且还是艺术天才。
4.C 词义猜测题。根据画线词后一句“They are intelligent animals born with both excellent memory and artistic talent.”可知,千万不要“低估”大象的智力。
5.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“its sharp memory allows it to remember places where it has found food as long as 30 years earlier”和第二段中的“They can even recognize an elephant they perhaps haven’t seen for 30 years.”可知,大象的记忆力可以追溯到30年前。
6.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“an elephant zoo-keeper noticed this and gave an elephant a paint brush filled with red paint to see if the elephant would paint on a canvas”可知,动物园的管理员给大象画笔是想看看它会不会画画。
7.B 推理判断题。根据文中的intelligent animals以及具体介绍大象的记忆力如何超强和艺术才能如何了得可知,大象是非常聪明的动物。
二、【篇章导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了善举通常是意料之外的,但几乎从未被忽视过,并列举了一些世界各地人们受到他人善举的事件和传统。
1.G 根据空前“It could happen anywhere at any time.”(它可以发生在任何时间任何地点)可推知这是不可预测的,故可对应到G选项中的“unexpected”,即它通常不可预测,故选G项。
2.D 根据空前“The seller did her a kindness when it appeared she didn’t have any change to pay.”可知,当发现她没有零钱可付时,卖家帮了她一个忙。故选D项“她为这件事开心了一整天”,前后句连贯通顺。
3.F 本段讲述的是那不勒斯市有一个悠久的传统。下文为描述这一传统给出例子,该空位于段尾起总结作用。由段首句中“tradition”可知F项(这一传统现在在世界范围内更为普遍)符合语境。
4.C 由空后“The people never meet again.”可知,这些人再也不会遇见,由此推断这种行为是得不到回报的,故C项(通常,这种行为是不会被回报的)符合语境。
5.A 空后“Hold open a door for someone,deliver a compliment—even give up your seat on a bus.Help someone who is in need.”列出一些具体的善举行为,由此可知本空应是提出建议“试一试吧”,故选A项。
三、1.more 考查形容词比较级。由后面的than可知,应用形容词比较级,故填more。 2.To keep 考查不定式做状语的用法。你可以做你一直想做的趣事的目的是避免无聊,故填To keep。
3.dishes 考查名词复数。dish在此意为“菜”,是可数名词且表泛指,故填名词复数dishes。
4.decorating 考查动词-ing形式做宾语的用法。设空处做by的宾语,故填decorating。 5.with 考查介词。fill...with...意为“用……装满……”。
6.that / which 考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词movies,且在从句中做主语,故填that / which。
7.celebration 考查名词。设空处在此做throw的宾语,且由前面的a可知,设空处在此表示“庆祝”,故填celebration。
8.Simply 考查副词。设空处做状语修饰having,表示“仅仅”,故填Simply。 9.the 考查定冠词。same常与定冠词the连用。
10.interesting 考查形容词做表语的用法。设空处做表语,表示“有趣的”,故填interesting。
