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课时跟踪检测(二十六) 简单的三角恒等变换
一、题点全面练
1.
的值为( )
cos 10°-3sin 10°
B.-1 1D.-
2
2sin35°-1
2
2sin35°-1
2
A.1 1C. 2
-cos 70°1
解析:选D 原式===-.
23?1?2sin 20°
2?cos 10°-sin 10°?
2?2?π?2m?2.(2019·成都模拟)已知tan α=,tan?α+?=,则m=( )
4?m3?A.-6或1 C.6
B.-1或6 D.1
mm3π?tan α+122?解析:选A 由题意知,tan α=,tan?α+?==,则=,∴m=-4?1-tan αm3mm?
1-
3
6或1,故选A.
π??π??3.已知2tan αsin α=3,α∈?-,0?,则cos?α-?的值是( ) 6??2??A.0 C.1
B.2
2
+1
1D. 2
2
2sinα
解析:选A 由2tan αsin α=3,得=3,
cos α即2cosα+3cos α-2=0, 1
∴cos α=或cos α=-2(舍去).
2ππ∵-<α<0,∴α=-,
23π???π?∴cos?α-?=cos?-?=0.
6???2?4.已知锐角α,β满足sin α=A.3π 4
5310,cos β=,则α+β等于( ) 510B.π3π
或 44
2
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C.
π 4π
D.2kπ+(k∈Z)
4
531025,cos β=,且α,β为锐角,可知cos α=,5105
解析:选C 由sin α=sin β=
10
, 10
253105102
故cos(α+β)=cos αcos β-sin αsin β=×-×=,又0<
5105102α+β<π,故α+β=π
4
.
5.已知sin α=-4??α∈??3π,2??α+β5??2π????,若cos β
=2,则tan(α+β)=( A.6
1313
B.6
C.-613
D.-136
解析:选A ∵sin α=-4?3π?35,α∈??2,2π??,∴cos α=5. 由
α+β
cos β
=2,得sin(α+β)=2cos[(α+β)-α],
即65cos(α+β)=1365sin(α+β),故tan(α+β)=13. 6.若α∈?
?π?2,π???,且3cos 2α=sin??π?4-α??
?
,则sin 2α的值为________.
解析:由3cos 2α=sin?π??4-α???
,
得3(cos2
α-sin2
α)=2
2
(cos α-sin α), 又由α∈??π?2,π???
,可知cos α-sin α≠0, 于是3(cos α+sin α)=
2
2
, 所以1+2sin αcos α=1
18,
故sin 2α=-17
18.
答案:-17
18
)
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π??sin?α+?4???π?且2sin2α-sin 2
7.已知α∈?0,?,αcos α-3cosα=0,则2?sin 2α+cos 2α+1?=________.
解析:∵2sinα-sin αcos α-3cosα=0, ∴(2sin α-3cos α)(sin α+cos α)=0,
2
2
?π?又α∈?0,?,sin α+cos α>0, 2??
∴2sin α=3cos α, 又sinα+cosα=1, ∴cos α=
2
3,sin α=, 1313
2
2
π??sin?α+?4??
∴ sin 2α+cos 2α+1
2
α+cos α
2
222α+cos α+α-sinα226=.
4cos α8
26
8
sin 3α13
=,则tan 2α=__________.
sin α5
=
sin αcos 2α+cos αsin 2α
sin α
= =
答案:
8.设α是第四象限角,若sin 3α解析:=sin α
α+2αsin α
1322
=cos 2α+2cosα=4cosα-1=,
592
解得cosα=.
10
31010
因为α是第四象限角,所以cos α=,sin α=-,
101012tan α3
∴tan α=-,tan 2α==-. 2
31-tanα43
答案:-
4
9.已知函数f(x)=cosx+sin xcos x,x∈R.
2
?π?(1)求f??的值; ?6?
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3?π??απ?(2)若sin α=,且α∈?,π?,求f?+?. 5?2??224?ππ?π?2π
解:(1)f??=cos+sincos 666?6?=?
33+3?3?21
?+2×2=4. ?2?
1+cos 2x12
(2)因为f(x)=cosx+sin xcos x=+sin 2x
22π?1112?
=+(sin 2x+cos 2x)=+sin?2x+?,
4?2222?所以f?
?α+π?=1+2sin?α+π+π?
??124??224?22??
?
?. ?
π?1122?13?=+sin?α+?=+?sin α+cos α3?22?222?23?π?又因为sin α=,且α∈?,π?, 5?2?4
所以cos α=-,
5所以f?=
34??α+π?=1+2?13
??×-×?
?224?22?2525?
10+32-46
.
20
10.已知角α的顶点在坐标原点,始边与x轴的正半轴重合,终边经过点P(-3,3). (1)求sin 2α-tan α的值;
?π?(2)若函数f(x)=cos(x-α)cos α-sin(x-α)sin α,求函数g(x)=3f?-2x?-
?2?
2π??0,2f (x)在区间??上的值域.
3??
2
解:(1)∵角α的终边经过点P(-3,3), 133
∴sin α=,cos α=-,tan α=-.
223∴sin 2α-tan α=2sin αcos α-tan α=-
333
+=-. 236
(2)∵f(x)=cos(x-α)cos α-sin(x-α)sin α=cos x,
π??π??2
∴g(x)=3cos?-2x?-2cosx=3sin 2x-1-cos 2x=2sin?2x-?-1.
6??2??2π
∵0≤x≤,
3

