高考热点：
近几年高考对并列句的考查主要表现在短文改错、完形填空及单选题中。考查的内容多为根据语境及上下文的逻辑关系改正误用的并列连词。在单选题中，“祈使句+and/or+简单句”是近几年的考察热点。
第一节 并列句的概念及分类
24-1 并列句由两个（或两个以上）等列而又各自独立的分句构成。
并列句的两个分句常由并列连词连在一起。有时不用并列连词，而在第一个分句后用逗号或分号隔开。
[例] Give him an inch and he’ll take an ell.“他得寸进尺。”
[例] There are many kinds of sports, ____ my favorite is swimming.
A. as B. then C. so D. but [例]Hurry up, it’s getting late. “快点，时间不早了。” 温馨提示：
只是用逗号时，前后两部分间的关系应该是相当密切的，如果不密切，就应该分写成两句或加连词。
24 -2 按照分句之间的联系来分类，并列句可分为四类：联合并列句、转折并列句、选择并列句和因果并列句。
第二节 联合并列句
24 -3 联合并列句常由并列连词and“和”、not only. . . but also. .“不但?而且?”等连接。 [例] Use your head，and you’ll find a way.“动动脑筋，你就会想出办法来。” [例]Not only did the students dance, but (also) their\\teacher sang．“不但学生们跳了舞，
而且他们的老师还唱了歌。”
温馨提示：
not only 位于句首时，其后的分词要部分倒装，但but also后的分词仍用正常语序。有时 also可以省略。
第三节 转折并列句
1?~24 -4 转折并列句常由并列连词but“但是”、white“而”、yet“可是”、whereas“而”、nevertheless“然而，不过”等连接。
[例] Paul had to write a history paper, ____ he couldn’t find time to do it. A. but B. so C. because D. if
例] Feathers fall to the ground slowly while stones fall much faster.“羽毛落地很慢，而石头落地则快得多。”
[例] He worked hard，yet he failed.“他工作努力，可是他失败了。”
[例] He is ill，whereas l am a little tired.“他生病了，而我只不过稍觉疲倦罢了。”
[例 ] The news may be unexpected; nevertheless, it is true.“这消息可能是出乎意料的，然而却是真实的。”
第四节 选择并列句
24 -5 选择并列句常由并列连词or。“否则，或者”、otherwise“要不然”、either…or…“不是?就是?”等连接。
[例] Were going to the bookstore in Johns car. You can come with us you can meet us there later. A. but B. and C. or D. then
[例] Either you leave this house or I’ll call the police.“要么你离开这座房子，要么我就叫警察。”
第五节 因果并列句
24 -6 因果并列句由并列连词SO“因此，所以”、for“因为”等连接。 [例] It was late，so we went home.“天晚了，所以我们就回家去了。” [例]It’s going to rain，for the sky is dark.“要下雨了，因为天上乌云密布。”
[例] He found it increasingly difficult to read, ____ his eyesight was beginning to fail. A. and B. for C. but D. or
温馨提示：
For分句不能用于句首，且其前面需用逗号隔开。他所引导的分句只是对上文补充说明理由或推断出原因。注意它和because的用法区别。
第六节 并列句的使用注意
24 -7 在“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构中。当前后两部分为承接关系时，用and;前后意思为相反关系时，用or。可将前面的祈使句转换咸由if引导的条件状语从句，但须将and或or去掉。
[例] Stand over there ____ you’ll be able to see it better. A. or B. while C. but D. and [例] Start out right away, ___ you’ll miss the first train. A. and B. but C. or D. while 温馨提示：
在“祈使句+and/then+陈述句”结构中，祈使句的意义相当于if引导的条件状语从句肯定式；而在“祈使句+or+陈述句”结构中，祈使句的意义相当于if引导的条件状语从句否定式。 试比较
[例]Hurry up, and we’ll be there in time.“快点，这样我们就能及时赶到那里。”相等于If we hurry up, we’ll be there in time.
[例] Hurry up, or we’ll be late.“快点，否则我们就要迟到了。”相等于If we don’t hurry up, weII be late．或 If we hurry up, we’ll not be late.
24 -8 because和so, (al) though和but不能连用，只能用其中的一个。
[例] Because he was ill，he didn’t come to school.“因为他病了，所以没来上学。” [例J He was ill, so he didn’t come to school．“他病了所以没来上学。” 温馨提示：
在第一例中，because是从属连词，他引导的是原因状语从句，后面是主句，构成主从复合句；第二例是个并列句，so是并列连词，引导一个独立的分句，表示结果。
24-9 并列句有两种：简单连词连接的并列句和由关联连词连接的并列句。 ① 由简单连词连接的并列句句型结构为：“分句A+并列连词+分句B”。
[例] They wanted to charge $5, 000 for the car, ____ we managed to bring the price down． A. but B. so C. when D. since ② 由关联连词连接的并列句句型结构为：“关联词的前一部分十分句A+关联词的后一部分+
分句B”。
[例]Either come in or go out.“或进或出请自便。”
这是由关联连词either… or连接的两个祈使句。 温馨提示
当几个分句并列时，如果它们之间都是联合关系，往往只在最后两个分句之间加并列连词and，其余分句之间用逗号（即：“A，B，C and D”结构）；如果各分句之间的关系各异，则需用不同的并列连词。
[例] Tom is reading a novel, Mary is writing a letter, Jack is doing his homework and john is looking out of the window.“汤姆在看小说，玛丽在写信，杰克在做作业，而约翰在朝窗外看。”
[例] The suit didn’t fit, but it new and I was anxious us it, so I shyly… “那套衣服并不合身，但它是新的，我很想把它买下来，于是我不好意思地说?。”
24-10 不要把含有并列成分的简单句误认作并列句。
[例] Wei Fang and Li Ying stood up and went out.“魏芳和李英站起来，走了出去。”句中Wei Fang和Li Ying是并列主语，并列连词and连接两个并列动词stood up和went out。这句子只有主语和谓语两部分构成，仍为简单句。但若加上个主语she，成为“. .．and she went out”就变成并列句了。
J．单项选择
1. “Forgive me, Minister,” said the interviewer, “___ you haven’t answered my question yet.” A. but B. and C. so D. or
2. What the young man said sounds strange, ____ it is true.
A. but and B. yet and C. and but D. and yet
3. Information technology is taught in most schools, ____ we have entered the information society. A. so B. while C. for D. still
4. Lose one hour in the morning ____ you will be looking for it the rest of the day.
A. but B. and C. or D．so
5. I do every single bit of housework ____ my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.
A. since B. while C. when D. as
6. ___ does he do his work well, ____ he helps others with their work.
A. Not only; but also B. Neither; nor C. Either; or D. Both; and 7. Make up your mind, ____ you’ll miss the chance.
A. but B. and C. however D. or 8. He failed many times _____ he did not lose heart.
A. so B. but C. because D．or
9. The accountant did her work carefully, ____ she never made any mistakes. A. so B. but C. or D. because
10. This was the beginning of another ordinary day in New York City, ____ this day was to be different. A. and B. so C. but D. thus
Ⅱ．用适当的词填空
1. It rained,______, the football match was put off.
2. Although he was ill,______ he managed to look cheerful. 3. Take care of your car,______ it will take care of .you.
4. The sun is not a very big star, ______ it makes our lives possible.
5. He couldn’t know the truth about me,______ he wouldn’t treat me like that.
