大学毕业设计（论文）
毕业设计论文
液体点滴速度监控系统设计
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液体点滴速度监控系统设计
摘 要
医院常用的治疗手段是输液治疗，然而在传统输液过程中存在着输液速度不够精确、需要旁人监护等缺点。文中设计一种液体点滴监控系统来解决此问题。
系统是以 AT89S52 单片机为核心部件，以步进电机为控制元件，通过点滴传感器测量的液体滴速为输入量，运用PID控制方法，控制步进电机调节液瓶高度，从而达到控制液体滴速的作用，当液位低于一定值时，液位传感器输出报警信号，驱动声光报警装置。系统对液滴滴速的监测是通过红外对射传感器实现的，具有不接触液滴的优点，这对实际运用时的卫生要求提供了保证，光电传感器对液位监测具有实时性，且抗扰能力强，可靠性高等优点。
文中设计的液体点滴速度监控系统，实现了对输液速度的实时检测与控制，并能通过对输液瓶中面高度的检测来判断是否报警，并且动态显示输液速度，点滴速度的控制精度高，点滴的速度调节响应快、稳态误差小，生产成本不高，便于推广。
关键词：单片机；红外对射传感器；步进电机；光电传感器
Design of Liquid Drop Speed Monitoring System
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大学毕业设计（论文）
Abstract
Transfusion commonly used as treatment in hospital， but there were some problems， such as inaccurate， need transfusion of artificial guardianship， etc。 The goal is to design a transfusion monitoring system in order to solve those problems。
The system use AT89S52 SCM as machine’s core，use stepper motor as control element，The input come from dripping speed with infrared correlation sensors. Using the PID control technology, command stepper motor adjust the height of liquid bottle, to achieve the control dripping speed. When the liquid level below standard level, photoelectric sensor give out the signal of alarm. The system use infrared correlation sensors to monitoring liquid speed, have keep clear of liquid advantages, to provide guarantee with health. Photoelectric sensor have the real time, high immunity ability, high reliability advantages.
In this paper, design of liquid drop speed monitoring system, realized the real-time detection and control of the infusion speed, and can through to the surface height in the transfusion bottle detection to judge whether the alarm, dynamic display and transfusion speed, high control precision of dropping speed, intravenous drip speed regulating response quickly, small steady-state error, the production cost is not high, easy to promote.
Keywords：Singlechip; Infrared correlation sensors; Stepper Motor; Photoelectric sensor
目 录
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液体点滴速度监控系统设计
引 言 .................................................................................................................................... 1 第1章 绪 论 ...................................................................................................................... 2 1.1 本课题研究的意义 ............................................................................................................ 2 1.2 国内外的发展历史和研究现状 ........................................................................................ 2 1.3 本课题主要工作内容 ........................................................................................................ 3 第2章 液体点滴监控系统总体方案 .................................................................................... 4 2.1 控制方案 ............................................................................................................................ 4 2.2 点滴检测方案 .................................................................................................................... 4 2.3 液位监测方案 .................................................................................................................... 4 2.4 速度控制方案 .................................................................................................................... 4 2.5 电机选择及控制方案 ........................................................................................................ 5 2.7 系统总体框图 .................................................................................................................... 5 2.8 小结 .................................................................................................................................... 6 第3章 系统的硬件设计 ........................................................................................................ 7 3.1 系统框图与核心部件介绍 ................................................................................................ 7 3.2 点滴信号检测单元 ............................................................................................................ 7 3.3 点滴信号整形及A/D转换 ............................................................................................... 9 3.4 液位监测单元 .................................................................................................................. 10 3.5 键盘及显示单元 .............................................................................................................. 11 3.6 声光报警单元 .................................................................................................................. 13 3.7 电机驱动单元 .................................................................................................................. 13 3.8 供电单元 .......................................................................................................................... 16 3.8 小结 .................................................................................................................................. 17 第4章 系统的软件设计 ...................................................................................................... 18 4.1 系统软件总体设计 .......................................................................................................... 18 4.2 主控模块设计 .................................................................................................................. 19 4.3 点滴速度测量模块设计 .................................................................................................. 19 4.5 报警模块设计 .................................................................................................................. 21 4.6 小结 .................................................................................................................................. 22 结论与展望 .............................................................................................................................. 23 致 谢 ........................................................................................................................................ 24 参考文献 .................................................................................................................................. 25 附录A: 系统原理图 ............................................................................................................... 26 附录B: 引用外文文献及其译文 ........................................................................................... 27 附录C: 主要参考文献的题录及摘要 ................................................................................... 38 附录D：系统源程序 ............................................................................................................... 41
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